Lactobacillus jensenii
| Lactobacillus jensenii | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Firmicutes |
| Class: | Bacilli |
| Family: | Lactobacillaceae |
| Genus: | Lactobacillus |
| Species: | L. jensenii |
| Binomial name | |
| Lactobacillus jensenii Falsen et al. 1999 | |
Lactobacillus jensenii is a normal inhabitant of the lower reproductive tract in healthy women.[1][2][3] L. jensenii makes up 23% of vaginal microflora that is naturally occurring. It is also found on the skins of grapes at the time of their harvest.[4][5][6] L. jensenii is sometimes used in producing fermented foods.[7]
L. jensenii produces enzymes that cause hydrolase release from the liver. Hydrolase aids in the digestion of food in the upper gastrointestinal tract. L. jensenii also produces Lactacin F. This protein reduces the population of other lactobacillus and Enterococcus bacteria. This bacterium may be valuable in the treatment of newborns to improve the digestion of breast milk.[3]
L. jensenii and other Lactobacillus species that produce hydrogen peroxide have been correlated with a decrease in the presence of gonorrhea, bacterial vaginosis, and HIV.[4]
Discovery
L. jensenii was discovered by F. Gasser, M. Mandel, and M. Rogosa in 1969. Although sharing many characterization criteria, L. jensenii differed from the similar Lactobacillus leichmannii in a gel electrophoresis analysis of their respective lactic dehydrogenases.[8]
Characterization
L. jensenii is Gram-positive, rod-shaped, negative for catalase and oxidase, and anaerobic. The organism can grow on blood agar.[6]
Morphology
Colonies of L. jensenii are circular, colorless, small, and translucent.[6]
Infection
L. jensenii infection is rare but often fatal, with 30% of endocarditis cases caused by the organism resulting in patient mortality.[7] While L. jensenii takes advantage of nonimmunocompetence in patients, immunocompetent cases have also been observed.[7]
Treatment
In the rare occurrence of infection, L. jensenii can be treated with teicoplanin and meropenem.[7]
References
- ↑ Nardis, C.; Mastromarino, P.; Mosca, L. (September 2013). "Vaginal microbiota and viral sexually transmitted diseases". Annali di Igiene. 25 (5): 443–56. doi:10.7416/ai.2013.1946. PMID 24048183.
- ↑ Bennett, John (2015). Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Saunders. ISBN 9781455748013; Access provided by the University of Pittsburgh
- 1 2 Prince, Amanda L.; Antony, Kathleen M.; Chu, Derrick M.; Aagaard, Kjersti M. (2014). "The microbiome, parturition, and timing of birth: more questions than answers". Journal of Reproductive Immunology. 104-105: 12–19. doi:10.1016/j.jri.2014.03.006. ISSN 0165-0378. PMC 4157949
. PMID 24793619. - 1 2 May A. D. Antonio; Stephen E. Hawes; Sharon L. Hillier (12 November 1999). "The Identification of Vaginal Lactobacillus species and the Demographic and Microbiologic Characteristics of Women Colonized by These Species" (PDF). The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 180: 1950–1956. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 December 2016.
- ↑ Hidemi S. Yasamoto; Qiang Xu; Raina N. Fichorova (8 January 2013). "Homeostatic properties of Lactobacillus jensenii engineered as a live vaginal anti-HIV microbicide". BMC Microbiology. 13 (4). doi:10.1186/1471-2180-13-4. Archived from the original on 2 December 2016.
- 1 2 3 "Lactobacillus jensenii". The Regents of the University of California, Davis campus. 18 August 2014. Archived from the original on 2 December 2016. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
- 1 2 3 4 Piera Assunta Fradiani; Andrea Petrucca; Fiorentina Ascenzioni; Giandomenico Di Nucci; Antonella Teggi; Silvia Bilancini; Paolo Cipriani (28 January 2010). "Endocarditis caused by Lactobacillus jensenii in an immunocompetent patient" (PDF). Journal of Medical Microbiology. 59: 607–609. doi:10.1099/jmm.0.017764-0. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 December 2016.
- ↑ F. Gasser; M. Mandel; M. Rogosa (29 April 1970). "Lactobacillus jensenii sp. nov., a New Representative of the Subgenus Thermobacterium" (PDF). Journal of General Microbiology. 62: 219–222. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 December 2016.