Lambros Comitas

Lambros Comitas is Gardner Cowles Professor of Anthropology and Education at Teachers College, Columbia University. A product of Columbia University, he received the A.B. from Columbia College in 1948 after service in the United States Army, and was awarded the Ph.D. in anthropology in 1962 from the Columbia Faculty of Political Science. Influential figures in his early professional years were Conrad Arensberg, Marvin Harris, Charles Wagley and Margaret Mead from the Columbia faculty and M. G. Smith, the eminent British-trained anthropologist whom he first met during field work in Jamaica.

Background

His teaching career in anthropology began in 1958 at Columbia University. Six years later he joined the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences at Teachers College, an affiliate of Columbia University, as associate professor. Marvin Harris, then chair at Columbia proper, used to say that Comitas was sent over as a missionary. In any case, in his new position, he helped create doctoral programs in Applied Anthropology and Anthropology and Education, the former in close association with the university department. A full professor by 1967, Comitas directed the Division of Philosophy, the Social Sciences, and Education (1979–1996) and the Institute for International Studies (1984- ) at Teachers College. He was director of the Institute for Latin American and Iberian Studies from 1977 to 1984 at Columbia proper. He was awarded the Gardner Cowles Chair in Anthropology and Education in 1988.[1]

In tandem with university responsibilities, he was connected to the Research Institute for the Study of Man, for years a leading Caribbean-focused foundation, first as associate director (1959–1985) and then as director (1985–2001), a connection that led him professionally back to the West Indies and forward to Bolivia and the Soviet Union. During the formative years of the Peace Corps (1961–1962), he helped train two of the earliest units in the field (St. Lucia I and Jamaica I), evaluated country teams in Bolivia, St. Lucia, Barbados and Jamaica and negotiated and programmed in British Guiana, Trinidad and Tobago, Dominica and Barbados. He co-directed the first Peace Corps research project, a complex study of considerable importance that led to the book Changing Rural Society: A Study of Communities in Bolivia[2] and other publications.

Fields of Expertise

As an anthropologist, Comitas is known primarily as a Caribbeanist who has carried out field studies in both the Hispanic and non-Hispanic Caribbean.[3] However, he has also worked in Bolivia, Greece, the former Soviet Republic of Georgia, the Canary Islands and Andorra. A leading figure in problem-related fieldwork, he contributed to the understanding of maritime communities in the Antilles;[4] community structure and rural education in Bolivia; education and change in the Creole Caribbean;[5] and is well known for developing the concept of occupational multiplicity.[6] Contributing to burgeoning Caribbean research in the latter half of the 20th century, he completed two projects designed to compile a definitive bibliography of the scholarly and scientific literature of the non-Hispanic Caribbean from 1900 to 1975.[7] In addition, from 1967 to 2005, he reviewed and annotated some two thousand anthropological publications for his biennial West Indian section in the Handbook of Latin American Studies, an authoritative bibliographic source issued by the Library of Congress.[8] In more recent years, Comitas has developed a long-held interest in the research utility of visual anthropology focusing on a photo and video database that he accumulated over the years.[9]

A specialist on the sociocultural aspects of drug usage, Comitas is intimately linked to several innovative studies of drugs and society (1972–1981) in the Caribbean and in Greece, supported by the National Institute of Mental Health and National Institute on Drug Abuse. His work on drugs is best highlighted by the acclaimed and controversial sociomedical study Ganja in Jamaica (1975),[10] a multidisciplinary work that explores the chronic use of cannabis in socio-medical perspective finding few or no negative medical consequences due to heavy marihuana use. A number of books, dissertations and articles, by project staff and former students, based on evidence drawn from the Jamaica and Greek studies generally support the benign results of the original studies.

Comitas's Commitment to Ethnography

A firm believer in the necessity for thoroughly preparing fledgling anthropologists, Comitas has taught in a graduate department for well over fifty years. A ferocious advocate of field training, he served as executive secretary of the unique Columbia-Cornell-Harvard-Illinois Summer Field Study Program; directed seven summer-long graduate student training sessions to Barbados, Bolivia, Dominican Republic, Jamaica and Andorra; and he initiated the Ruth Landes Memorial Fund that, during his tenure as director, provided grants to universities for developing systematic field training at these places. He considers that his effort to form several generations of anthropologists in the United States is perhaps his most satisfying professional accomplishment. In this context, he has sponsored well over a hundred of his students to receive the doctorate in anthropology.

Awards and honours

Comitas is the recipient of many awards, including the John Simon Guggenheim Fellowship and grants from Fulbright, Spencer Foundation, the National Institute of Mental Health, the National Institute on Drug Abuse, NATO, the U.S. Office of Education, the Government of Andorra and the government of the Canary Islands. He is a fellow of the American Anthropological Association and the New York Academy of Sciences, and was elected president of the Society for Applied Anthropology in 1970, as well as a member of the National Academy of Education in 1979.

References

  1. ↑ 1989 With Ithaca on My Mind: An Anthropologist's Journey. New York: Teachers College, Columbia University, 27 pp.
  2. ↑ 1967 "Education and Social Stratification in Contemporary Bolivia." Transactions of the New York Academy of Sciences. Series II, Vol. 29, No. 7, pp. 935-948; 1975 (McEwen, William J.) Changing Rural Society: A Study of Communities in Bolivia. New York, London, Toronto: Oxford University Press.
  3. ↑ 1973 (with David Lowenthal), Slaves, Free Men, Citizens: West Indian Perspectives. Garden City, NY: Anchor Press/Doubleday, 340 pp., www.cifas.us; 1973,(with David Lowenthal) Consequences of Class and Color: West Indian Perspectives. Garden City, NY: Anchor Press/Doubleday, 334 pp., www.cifas.us; 1973 (with David Lowenthal), Work and Family Life: West Indian Perspectives. Anchor Press/Doubleday, Garden City, NY, 422 pp., www.cifas.us; 1973 (with David Lowenthal), The Aftermath of Sovereignty: West Indian Perspectives. Garden City, NY: Anchor Press/Doubleday, 422 pp., www.cifas.us.
  4. ↑ 1962, "Fishermen and Cooperation in Rural Jamaica". Ph.D. dissertation: Faculty of Political Science, Columbia University, New York, University of Michigan. Microfilm Series, 364 pp., www.cifas.us
  5. ↑ 2009 (with M. G. Smith), Education and Society in the Creole Caribbean. New York: CIFAS. www.cifas.us
  6. ↑ 1964, "Occupational Multiplicity in Rural Jamaica", Proceedings of the American Ethnological Society, 1963, pp. 41-50173.
  7. ↑ 1968, Caribbeana 1900-1965: A Topical Bibliography. University of Washington. Seattle and London, 909 pp.; 1977, The Complete Caribbeana 1900-1975: A Bibliographic Guide to the Scholarly Literature, 4 volumes. Kraus Thomson Organization, Millwood, NY, 2193 pp.; 2009, The Digitalized Caribbeana 1900-1975: A Bibliographic Guide to the Non-Hispanic Territories. New York: CIFAS. www.cifas.us
  8. ↑ 2009, Anthropology of the Caribbean: Annotations 1963-2005. CIFAS. www.cifas.us
  9. ↑ Taddei, Renzo, "Lambros Comitas Through His Visual Anthropology". Paper presented at the 2007 Annual Meeting of the American Anthropological Association. Washington, D.C., November 28, 2007.
  10. ↑ 1975 (with Vera Rubin), Ganja in Jamaica: A Medical Anthropological Study of Chronic Marihuana Use. The Hague, Paris: Mouton, 205 pp. Published in paperback in 1976 as Ganja in Jamaica: The Effects of Marijuana Use. Garden City, NY: Anchor Press/Doubleday, 217 pp. www.cifas.us; 1975, "The Social Nexus of Ganja in Jamaica," in Cannabis and Culture. Vera Rubin (ed.), The Hague, Paris: Mouton. pp. 119-132; 1976, "Cannabis and Work in Jamaica: A Refutation of the Amotivational Syndrome," in Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Vol. 283, pp. 24-32.

External links

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