Land reclamations of China
Land reclamation of Yangshan Deepwater Port in Shanghai, and the Donghai Bridge can be seen far away.
China is rather active in land reclamation. Since 1949 a large amount of artificial land has been reclaimed, mainly on its coastlines. China is among the countries which have built the most artificial land; from 1949 to 1990s, the total area of land reclamations from sea of China was about 12,000 km2.[1]
General
- A grand total of 150 km2 was planned to be reclaimed from the sea in 2009.[2]
Shanghai
- Between 2003 and 2006, the Shanghai government spent 40 billion yuan on the Nanhui New City, formerly called Lingang New City Project (临港新城计划) of Shanghai, to reclaim 133.3 km2 of artificial land from the sea.[3]
Liaoning
- Starting in March 2005, the Caofeidian Land Reclamation Project (曹妃甸围海造地工程) reclaimed a total of 310 km2 [4]) next to the island of Tangshan. The first stage of 12 km2 was finished on 28 March 2006.[5] The plan is to make space for the new industrial base of Shougang.
Guangdong
- From June 2004 to the present, land reclamation is going on at Shantou. Project surface to reclaim is 146 km2.[6]
Zhejiang
- Starting in 1975, the largest single land reclamation project in Zhejiang Province has been the Xuanmen Land Reclamation Project (漩门围垦工程) in Yuhuan County. It has three phases, of which phase II covered 53.3 km2 (February 1999 - April 2001), and phase III 45.3 km2 (March 2006 - 2010).[7]
- Total land reclamation in the area of Taizhou City between 2004 and 2010, including the project mentioned above, will be 266.7 km2.[8]
Jiangsu
- Between 2009 and 2020, Jiangsu will reclaim 21 parcels of tidal areas along the southern Yellow Sea, yielding a total of 1,817 square km of new land.[9]
Hong Kong SAR
Main article: Land reclamation in Hong Kong
The government of Hong Kong started reclaiming land from the surrounding sea as early as in the 1860s. Its land reclamation is still proceeding. A notable achievement is Hong Kong International Airport, built in the 1990s on reclaimed land, absorbing the former islands Chek Lap Kok and Lam Chau.
Macau SAR
Further information: Geography of Macau
170% of the original size of Macau (or 17 km2) is artificial land.[10] Currently the land reclamation of Macau is still ongoing.
See also
- Land rehabilitation
- Land improvement
- United States Bureau of Reclamation
- Society for Protection of the Harbour
- Territorial changes of the People's Republic of China
- Polder - low-lying land reclaimed from a lake or sea
- Soil salinity control - reclamation of saline land
- Watertable control - reclamation of waterlogged land
- Drainage system (agriculture) - drainage for land reclamation
References
- ↑ ChinaNews: 中國圍填海造地面積增長迅猛 (in traditional Chinese. "China's land reclamation from sea increases dramatically") "據統計，從一九四九年到上世紀末期，中國沿海地區圍填海造地面積達到一點二萬平方公里 ..."
- ↑ 2 trillion yuan to create artificial lands
- ↑ 上海400亿填海造城被疑破坏环保
- ↑ 海江工程船赴曹妃甸围海造地
- ↑ 曹妃甸钢铁围海造地一期工程竣工
- ↑ 广东省海洋功能区划获批 将围海造地146平方公里
- ↑ 中国广播网：玉环漩门围垦开启“环漩门湾时代”
- ↑ 台州规划围海造地40万亩
- ↑ 江苏沿海将开发近四成未围滩涂 规划建21个围区
- ↑ Homepage of Macao SAR
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