Lark (train)
The Lark was an overnight passenger train of the Southern Pacific Company on the 470-mile run between San Francisco and Los Angeles. It became a streamliner in 1941 and was discontinued on April 8, 1968. The Lark ran along the same route as the Coast Daylight and was often pulled by a locomotive wearing the famous Daylight paint scheme of orange, red, and black.
Overview
After 1941 Southern Pacific trains 75 (northbound) and 76 (southbound) were deluxe all-room Pullman (sleeping car) trains between San Francisco and Los Angeles. The last two cars in each consist of the Lark ran along the east side of San Francisco Bay to Oakland and were known as the Oakland Lark. The Lark was to overnight travelers what the Morning Daylight and Noon Daylight were to day travelers in the San Francisco–Los Angeles market: safe, reliable, deluxe transportation. The Lark was the only streamlined all-room sleeping car train to operate entirely within a single state and the only all-room train operating strictly on the West Coast.
The train's namesake, though neither nocturnal nor native to the New World, has historically symbolized the arrival of a new day, mainly through Chaucer (The Knight's Tale of The Canterbury Tales) and Shakespeare's sonnets which describe the lark's singing at first light.
History
The Southern Pacific Railroad started overnight trains 75 and 76, the Lark, on May 8, 1910. The SP ensured first-class service with the latest equipment, top-flight restaurant and lounge service and a choice of accommodations. In 1926 the schedule was 13-1/2 hours each way.
The Padre ran overnight between Los Angeles and Oakland on the Coast Line; it was replaced in 1931 by the Oakland Lark that ran Oakland to San Jose and was coupled onto the Lark to continue to Los Angeles. (Oakland had another SP overnight train, the Owl between Oakland Pier and Los Angeles via the San Joaquin Valley and Tehachapi Loop.)
In 1937 Southern Pacific introduced the Coast Daylight, a colorful set of streamlined cars in red and orange pulled by a 4-8-4 "Northern" steam locomotive streamlined in the same colors. In 1940 the SP added a second Daylight to the Coast Route and in July 1941 started the San Joaquin Daylight via Fresno.
On March 2, 1941, the Lark became a streamlined 12-hour train with cars in two shades of gray pulled by the same locomotives that pulled the Daylights. This Lark had three of the five types of pre-war lightweight streamlined Pullman cars: the 100-series 10-roomette, 5-double bedroom; the 200-series 4-double bedroom, 4-compartment, 2-drawing room; and the 300-series 13-double bedroom. Food and beverage service was provided by the Lark Club, a three-car articulated food service unit (kitchen/crew dormitory car, dining room car, and tavern-lounge car from front to rear) that became known for late-night business transactions and a place to share a nightcap, and in the morning, offered a full breakfast menu. Late-night refreshments were also offered in the 400-series sleeper-buffet-lounge-observation car which had two bedrooms, a compartment and a drawing room and carried the illuminated Lark drumhead on the rear (and formed half of the peacetime Oakland Lark).
The two original observation cars, which had been built in April 1941, had short working lives – the 400 was wrecked at Wellsona, California on September 19, 1941, while the 401 was written off after an accident at Casmalia, California, on December 5, 1942.[1] They were replaced by the Pullman reassigning existing cars – the second 400 was the former 1939 New York World's Fair exhibition car American Milemaster, the replacement 401 was previously the experimental Muskingum River.[2] Both cars were rebuilt with flat-ended observation lounges in 1956.[3]
During World War II coaches were added to the train along with 500-series 6-section, 6-roomette, 4-double bedroom cars reassigned from Overland Route service to the Oakland Lark. A few 9000-series 10-roomette, 6-double bedroom and 9300-series 22-roomette sleeping cars were built for the train in 1950, replacing some of the 1941 cars which were reassigned to other SP trains. Diesels replaced the last steam locomotives in January 1955.
More businessmen were leaving the train for the airlines. On July 15, 1957, the Lark was combined with the Starlight, an overnight chair car train. The Lark kept its name and number but was no longer all-Pullman. The 1960s saw the removal of the triple-unit diner/lounge and the replacement of the two-tone gray color scheme by silver with a red stripe. The "Daylight" colors were also gone from the locomotives, replaced by dark gray with a red nose. By the mid-sixties an average of less than 100 passengers were riding.
The Southern Pacific tried to discontinue the Lark in late 1966 but public outcry and newspaper editorials urged the California Public Utilities Commission to order service for one more year. By the end of 1967 the Lark was down to a baggage car, one sleeping car, a couple of chair cars, and an Automat car, pulled by a 3600-hp EMD SDP45. The train was still numbered 75 and 76. The Lark was finally discontinued on April 8, 1968.
Communities served
- San Francisco, California;
- Oakland, California;
- Burlingame, California,
- Palo Alto, California – Stanford University;
- San Jose, California;
- Watsonville Junction, California – Watsonville/Santa Cruz;
- Salinas, California – Monterey Peninsula;
- Paso Robles, California;
- San Luis Obispo, California;
- Guadalupe, California – Santa Maria;
- Santa Barbara, California;
- Ventura, California;
- Oxnard, California – Port Hueneme/Channel Islands;
- Glendale, California – Hollywood/Burbank/Pasadena;
- Los Angeles, California
Locomotives
The SP assigned streamlined GS-3 and GS-4 4-8-4 "Northern" steam locomotives painted in the Daylight colors of two shades of orange. The SP never painted any locomotives in the Lark colors of two-tone gray.
They were replaced by American Locomotive Company (ALCO) PA-1 cab units and PB-1 booster units and General Motors Electro-Motive Division (EMD) E7A cab units and E7B booster units diesel locomotives in two-shades of orange, later painted dark gray with red nose.
EMD F7A cab units and F7B booster units. Originally painted black (described as "Black Widow") with silver nose and two-shades of orange stripes, later painted dark gray with red nose.
EMD SDP45 hood unit painted dark gray with red nose.
Equipment used
| First Consist | Car Type | Second Consist |
|---|---|---|
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| 10275 10276 |
Articulated 48-seat dining room unit Articulated 48-seat tavern lounge bar unit |
10278 10279 |
| | ||
| | ||
| | ||
| | ||
| | ||
| |
See also
- Spirit of California, Amtrak overnight train over Oakland Lark route
References
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lark (train). |
- ↑ Madden, Excel file items 11509, 11510
- ↑ Madden, Excel file items 11291, 11357
- ↑ Durbin 1997, p. 40.
- Beebe, Lucius (June 1968) [1963]. "The Central Pacific and Southern Pacific Railroads". Pacific News.
- Durbin, Arthur D. (1997). Pullman Paint and Lettering Notebook. Waukesha, Wis.: Kalmbach Publishing Company. ISBN 0-89024-291-7.
- Madden, Tom. "The Pullman Project". Retrieved 2013-12-19.