List of biofuel companies and researchers

First-generation biofuels

First-generation biofuels use the edible parts of food plants as their carbon source feedstock. Due to this, the production of fuel from these crops effectively creates problems in regard to the global food production.

Second-generation biofuels

Second-generation biofuels use non-food substances as a feedstock carbon source. Examples include non-food plants, the inedible parts of food plants, and waste cooking fat. Unlike first-generation biofuels, they do not create problems in regard to the global food production.

Second-generation biofuels with additional advantages

Algae and cyanobacteria fuels

The so-called "third-generation biofuels" (which are basically second-generation biofuels) have an additional advantage as they do not take up any space, and may also help to reduce seawater eutrophication. They use algae to convert carbon dioxide into biomass.

Others

So-called "fourth-generation biofuels" are second-generation biofuels that uses processes other than those used in first or second-generation methods.

Some fourth-generation technology pathways include pyrolysis, gasification, upgrading, solar-to-fuel, and genetic manipulation of organisms to secrete hydrocarbons.[3]

Hydrocarbon plants or petroleum plants are plants which produce terpenoids as secondary metabolites that can be converted to gasoline-like fuels. Latex-producing members of the Euphorbiaceae such as Euphorbia lathyris and E. tirucalli and members of Apocynaceae have been studied for their potential energy uses.[5][6]

References

  1. ↑ http://www.brteam.ir Biofuel Research Team homepage
  2. ↑ http://www.algaecluster.eu/
  3. ↑ http://www.gtmresearch.com/report/third-and-fourth-generation-biofuels
  4. ↑ "greenfuelonline.com". greenfuelonline.com. Retrieved 2010-07-14.
  5. ↑ Kalita, D (2008). "Hydrocarbon plant—New source of energy for future". Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 12 (2): 455–471. doi:10.1016/j.rser.2006.07.008. ISSN 1364-0321.
  6. ↑ K. G. Ramawat (2010). Desert Plants: Biology and Biotechnology. Springer. pp. 37–. ISBN 978-3-642-02549-5. Retrieved 23 August 2010.

See also

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