List of gendarmeries

Countries with a gendarmerie

Countries that formerly had a gendarmerie

Countries with a nominal gendarmerie

A gendarmerie or gendarmery (/dʒɛnˈdɑːrmərɪ/ or /ˌʒɑːndɑːrməˈriː/) is a military body charged with police duties among civilian populations. The members of such a body are called gendarmes. The term maréchaussée (or marshalcy) may also be used (e.g., Royal Marechaussee) but is now uncommon.

List of active gendarmeries

The Coat of arms of the Romanian Gendarmerie, re-established in 1990, after the fall of communism.

Emblem of the Serbian Žandarmerija.

Roundel of the Carabineros of Chile

Insignia of the Military Police of Brazil.


Country	English name	Native-language name	Notes
Algeria	National Gendarmerie	Gendarmerie Nationale (الدرك الوطني)
Argentina	Argentine National Gendarmerie	Gendarmería Nacional Argentina
Azerbaijan	Internal Troops	Azərbaycan Respublikası Daxili Qoşunları
Bahrain	National Guard	الحرس الوطني
Bangladesh	Bangladesh Ansar
Barbados	National Task Force
Belarus	Internal Troops	Belarusian: Унутраныя войскі (Unutranyya voyski) Russian: Внутренние войска (Vnutrennie voyska)
Benin	National Gendarmerie	Gendarmerie Nationale
Bhutan	Royal Bhutan Police
Brazil	Military Police	Polícia Militar	Brazilian states have their own gendarmeries and federal government has a National Public Security Force, a department formed with personal from states' Military Polices, Military Firefighters Corps and Civil Police.
Bulgaria	National Gendarmerie Service	Zhandarmeriya (Жандармерия)	The Bulgarian Gendarmerie was disbanded by the country's General Directorate of Police and its personnel absorbed into various specialized police units.
Burkina Faso	Gendarmerie Nationale	National Gendarmerie
Burundi	Gendarmerie Nationale	National Gendarmerie
Cambodia	Royal Gendarmerie of Cambodia
Cameroon	Gendarmerie Nationale	National Gendarmerie
Canada	Royal Canadian Mounted Police	Gendarmerie royale du Canada
Canada	Canadian Forces Military Police	Police militaire des Forces canadiennes	Sworn as peace officers who can arrest civilians on military bases
Central African Republic	Gendarmerie
Chad	Gendarmerie Nationale	National Gendarmerie
Chile	Carabiniers of Chile	Carabineros de Chile
China	People's Armed Police	Zhōngguó Rénmín Wǔzhuāng Jǐngchá Bùduì (中国人民武装警察部队)	The PAP perform military-civilian police duties.
Colombia	Corps of Carabiners Mobile Carabinier Squadrons	Cuerpo de Carabineros Escuadrones Móviles de Carabineros
Comoros	Gendarmerie
Costa Rica	Public Force	Fuerza Pública
D. R. Congo	Gendarmerie
Djibouti	Gendarmerie
Egypt	Central Security Forces		A separate force known as the Egyptian Gendarmerie was created in 1882 and continued in existence until the overthrow of the monarchy in 1952. In 2014 it was announced that the Gendarmerie were to be recreated, initially for policing and security duties in certain districts of Cairo.
France	National Gendarmerie	Gendarmerie Nationale
Gabon	Gendarmerie Nationale	National Gendarmerie
Guinea	Gendarmerie
Guinea-Bissau	National Guard	Guarda Nacional	Created in 2010 through the merger of several former security agencies. Modeled on the Portuguese National Republican Guard and other similar organizations.
Haiti	Haitian National Police	Police Nationale d'Haiti
India	Corps of Military Police Central Reserve Police Force Indian Home Guard Railway Protection Force		The Military Police Corps (nicknamed Red Berets) is a component of the Indian Army. The Central Reserve Police Force, including its specialized wing the Rapid Action Force, Railway Protection Force and Indian Home Guard are components of the paramilitary forces of India.
Indonesia	Indonesian National Police	Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia	For part of its history (1946 - 2000), it was a service branch of the Indonesian National Armed Forces, under the Department of Defense and Security. Since 2000 it is a civilian police service under the Ministry of Home Affairs.
Iraq	National Police		Not to be confused with civilian Iraqi Police Service, although at present both are highly militarised
Israel	Israel Border Police	Mishmar HaGvul (משמר הגבול)
Italy	Corps of Carabineers Finance Guard/ Customs	Arma dei Carabinieri Guardia di Finanza	The Carabinieri is a component of the Italian Armed Forces and the Guardia di Finanza is a State Military Force and a Police Armed Corps who is part of the Italian Armed Forces, although they are controlled by different ministries
Ivory Coast	Gendarmerie
Jordan	Jordanian Gendarmerie	General Directorate of Gendarmerie (قوات الدرك الأردني)
Kazakhstan	National Guard	Kazakh: Ұлттық Ұлан (Ulttıq Ulan) Russian: Национальная гвардия (Natsionalnaya Gvardiya)
North Korea	Korean People's Internal Security Forces
Kuwait	Kuwait National Guard	الحرس الوطني الكويتي
Lebanon	Internal Security Forces	Internal Security Forces - ISF (قوى الأمن الداخلي)	Nicknamed "El Darak"
Lithuania	Public Safety Service	Viešojo saugumo tarnyba
Madagascar	Gendarmerie Nationale	National Gendarmerie
Mali	Gendarmerie Nationale	National Gendarmerie
Mauritania	Gendarmerie Nationale	National Gendarmerie
Mexico	Federal Police Gendarmería Nacional	Policia Federal	Civilian status, but largely composed of military personnel transferred en masse from the Mexican Army's 3rd Military Police Brigade in 1999. National Gendarmerie (Mexico) Gendarmería nacional currently in action.
Moldova	Carabinier Troops	Trupele de Carabinieri
Monaco	Prince's Company of Carabiniers	Compagnie des Carabiniers du Prince	The Corps des Sapeurs-Pompiers provide an armed support service
Morocco	Royal Gendarmerie	Gendarmerie Royale (الدرك الملكي)
Netherlands	Royal Marechaussee	Koninklijke Marechaussee
Niger	National Police of Niger		Includes the National Gendarmerie and the Niger Internal Security Forces.
Pakistan	Pakistan Rangers Frontier Corps Mehran Force
Poland	Military Gendarmerie	Żandarmeria Wojskowa
Portugal	National Republican Guard	Guarda Nacional Republicana
Romania	Romanian Gendarmerie	Jandarmeria Română
Russia	National Guard of Russia	Natsional'naya Gvardiya Rossii
Rwanda	Gendarmerie
San Marino	Corps of Gendarmerie of San Marino Guard of the Rock	Gendarmeria Guardia di Rocca
Saudi Arabia	Saudi Arabian National Guard Saudi Emergency Force	الـحرس الوطني (al-Ḥaras al-Waṭanī) قوات الطوارئ
Senegal	Gendarmerie Nationale	National Gendarmerie
Serbia	Gendarmerie	Žandarmerija (Жандармерија)
Spain	Civil Guard	Guardia Civil
Switzerland	Border Guard Corps Federal Office of Police		Both have civilian status. (The cantonal police of the French-speaking cantons are called gendarmerie, but do not fit any of the criteria.)
Tajikistan	Internal Troops	Қӯшунҳои дохилӣ
Togo	National Gendarmerie	Gendarmerie Nationale
Tunisia	National Guard	Garde Nationale
Turkey	Gendarmerie	Jandarma Genel Komutanlığı
Ukraine	National Guard	Національна гвардія України (Natsionalna hvardiya Ukrayiny)
United States	United States Coast Guard		Charged with maritime law enforcement and civil shipping and boating regulation; a component of the Department of Homeland Security; one of the five armed forces of the United States
Vatican City	Corps of Gendarmerie of Vatican City	Corpo della Gendarmeria dello Stato della Città del Vaticano	General responsibility for security and public order which encompasses all regular police duties, including border control, crime prevention and investigation, and enforcement of financial and commercial regulations.
Venezuela	Venezuelan National Guard	Guardia Nacional de Venezuela
Europe	European Gendarmerie Force	French: Force de gendarmerie européenne Italian: Forza di Gendarmeria Europea Portuguese: Força de Gendarmerie Europeia Spanish: Fuerza de Gendarmería Europea	Formed by five members of the European Union: France, Italy, Spain, Portugal and the Netherlands, the purpose was the creation of a European intervention force which would have gendarmerie functions and be specialized in crisis management. More countries will be allowed to join in the future.

List of former gendarmeries


Country or territory	English name	Native-language name	Formed	Disbanded	Notes
Afghanistan	Defenders of the Revolution	Sarandoy	~1980	~1988	Formed and employed under the Soviet-backed Democratic Republic of Afghanistan
Albania	Royal Albanian Gendarmerie	Xhandarmëria Mbretërore e Shqipëris	1924	~1939	Formed as a counterweight to the Royal Albanian Army, it employed British advisors on its staff and with the units
Albania	Albanian Republican Guard	Garda e Republikës	1928	2013
Austria	Federal Gendarmerie	Bundesgendarmerie	1849	2005	Dissolved under occupation from 1938 to 1945. Merged with other agencies to form new Bundespolizei in 2005
Belgium	Belgian Gendarmerie	French: Gendarmerie Dutch: Rijkswacht	1796	2001	Was formed under French rule in what now is Belgian territory, even before the establishment of Belgium itself (1830). Merged with federal and local police to form a new policing system
Colombia	National Gendarmerie Corps	Cuerpo de Gendarmeria Nacional	1906	1909	Created to function decentralized from the National Police command and more militarized regime, managed by the Ministry of War. In 1909 General Jorge Holguín suppressed the National Gendarmerie Corps and gave the provincial governors the authority to organize police services at their own will
Czechoslovakia	Czechoslovakian Gendarmerie	Československé četnictvo	1918	1942	Managed by the Ministry of Interior. In 1942 merged with police and fire brigades. After the liberation in 1945 created a unified police force—the Corps of National Security (SNB)—that amalgamated gendarmerie, police and intelligence.
Crete	Cretan Gendarmerie	Κρητική Χωροφυλακή, Kritiki Chorofylaki	1899	1916
Denmark	Border Gendarmerie	Grænsegendarmeriet	1838	1958	Pre-dated by De Blå Gendarmer (1885–1897)
El Salvador	National Guard	Guardia Nacional	1912	1922
Ethiopia	Ethiopian Gendarmery	Zabagna	1916	1936	Included the Kebur Zabagna Imperial Guard
Germany
Germany	Gendarmerie	Gendarmerie and other denominations	19th century	mid-20th century	Due to the distinctive autonomy of the German states, every state has his own history of establishing and denomination. In Prussia it was called Gendarmerie, in other states it was called Landjägerei, Dragoon corps or Hussar
Greece	Greek Gendarmerie	Ελληνική Χωροφυλακή, Elliniki Chorofylaki	1833	1984	Merged with the City Police and formed the current Greek Police
Hungary (Kingdom)	Hungarian Royal Gendarmerie	Magyar Királyi Csendőrség	1881	1945	Disbanded by the Interim National Government after WWII because Hungarian Royal Gendarmerie took part in the Holocaust by gathering the Hungarian Jews and giving them to the Nazi German forces.
Hungary (Republic)	Law Enforcement and Public Safety Service	Rendészeti Biztonsági Szolgálat	2004	2008	Couple years after the fall of the communist regime, a new gendarmerie-type police force within the frameworks of the Hungarian National Police:, Rendészeti Biztonsági Szolgálat was formed and existed between 2004 and 2008.
Iran	Islamic Republic of Iran Gendarmerie	ژاندارمری (Zhāndārmerī)	1979	1990	Persian Central Government Gendarmerie 1911-1921, Amniyeh Kol-e Mamlekati 1921-1943; GENMISH 1943-1957; State Gendarmerie 1957-1979; gendarmerie dissolved in 1990
Ireland	Royal Irish Constabulary^[1]		1822	1922	Royal added to the name in 1867.^[2]
Italian East Africa	Italian Africa Police	Polizia dell'Africa Italiana	1936	1944	Operated throughout Italian East Africa
Italy	National Republican Guard	Guardia Nazionale Repubblicana	1943	1945	Formed by the Italian Social Republic
Japan	Corps of Law Soldiers (lit)	Kempeitai	1881	1945	Part of the Imperial Japanese Army
	Naval Secret Police	Tokkeitai, 特警隊		1945	The Imperial Japanese Navy's military police, they were equivalent to the Imperial Japanese Army's Kempeitai. They were also the smallest military police service.
	Special Higher Police	(特別高等警察, Tokubetsu Kōtō Keisatsu	1911	1945	Often shortened to Tokkō (特高, Tokkō ?),established specifically to investigate and control political groups and ideologies deemed to be a threat to public order. Its main function was as a civilian counterpart to the military's Kempeitai.
	National Rural Police				National force in Japan until formation of JSDF and NPA
Luxembourg	Grand Ducal Gendarmerie	Gendarmerie Grand-Ducale	1733	2000	Dissolved under Nazi occupation from 1940 to 1944. Merged on 1 January 2000 with local Police to form the new Grand Ducal Police
Mexico	Rural Guard	Guardia Rural	1861	1914	In modern Mexico, the name is applied to the part-time Rural Defence Corps.
Mexico	National Gendarmerie	Gendarmeria Nacional	1877	1970	It was a body that has militarized police functions whose jurisdiction in large urban areas.
Mozambique (Portuguese Province)	Republican Guard of Lourenço Marques	Guarda Republicana de Lourenço Marques	1913	1924	Replaced both the former military Guarda Cívica (Civic Guard) and the Civil Police of Lourenço Marques.
Mozambique (Portuguese Province)	Police Guard of the Mozambique Company	Guarda Policial da Companhia de Moçambique	1914	1925	Military and police force of the territory under administration of the Mozambique Company (Territory of Manica and Sofala). Replaced by the Police Forces of the Mozambique Company (Forças Policiais da Companhia de Moçambique).
Nicaragua	Nicaraguan Civil Guard	Guardia Civil Nicaragüense	1909	1979	Dissolved along with the Somoza regime. The concept of the Civil Guard was integrated into what would later become the National Police of Nicaragua
Palestine (British Mandate)	British Gendarmerie		1920	1926	Replaced by the Transjordan Frontier Force on 1 April
Peru	Peruvian Gendarmerie	Gendarmería Nacional del Perú	1852	1924	Became the basis of the Civil Guard.
Philippines	Philippine Constabulary	Hukbóng Pamayapà ng Pilipinas	1901	1991	Absorbed the Integrated National Police on 1 January 1991 to form the present-day Philippine National Police.
Portugal	Fiscal Guard	Guarda Fiscal	1885	1993	It was military force controlled by the Portuguese Ministry of Finance, responsible for the tax and customs law enforcement and border surveillance. In 1993, it became part of the National Republican Guard, as the Fiscal Brigade.
Portuguese India	Police and Supervion Corps of India	Corpo de Polícia e Fiscalização da Índia	1924	1946	Transformed in the entirely civilian Polícia do Estado da Índia (State of India Police) in 1946.
Russian Empire	Special Corps of Gendarmes	Отдельный корпус жандармов	1836	1917
United States Occupation Zone of West Germany and Austria	United States Constabulary	-	1946	1952
Syria	Syrian Gendarmerie		1921	1958	Formed by the French to combat local insurgencies,^[3] and maintained as late as 1958.^[4]
Thailand	Royal Siamese Provincial Gendarmerie		1897	1915	Formed in 1897 by Danish mercenaries, integrated with the Thai police in 1915.^[5]
United States Indian Territory	Lighthorse	?			The name given by the Five Civilized Tribes of the United States to their mounted police force. The US Army's cavalry performed gendarme duties until the advent of law and order.
Vatican City	Corps of Gendarmes	Corpo della Gendarmeria	1816	1974	Replaced by a civilian Central Security Office which itself became the Corpo di Vigilanza dello Stato della Città del Vaticano

References

↑ Emsley, Clive (1999), Gendarmes and the State in Nineteenth-Century Europe, Oxford University Press, pp. 246–247, 267, ISBN 978-0-19-820798-6, Henry Goulburn...drafted a bill for a centralized, permanent armed constabulary linked to salaried police magistrates ... Even Grant condemned what he considered as an attempt ‘to place the whole of Ireland under an armed police, to subject it to a species of gendarmerie’.
↑ Replaced by the Royal Ulster Constabulary and the Garda Síochána on the partition of Ireland in 1922
↑ Deep, Daniel (2012). Occupying Syria Under the French Mandate: Insurgency, Space and State Formation. Cambridge University Press. p. 204. ISBN 978-1-107-00006-3.
↑ Podeh, Elie (1999), The Decline of Arab Unity: The Rise And Fall of the United Arab Republic, Sussex Academic Press, p. 54, ISBN 1-84519-146-3
↑ Phraya Vasuthep: The Good Danish Soldier of Fortune

List of gendarmeries

List of active gendarmeries

List of former gendarmeries

References

See also