List of major perpetrators of the Holocaust

This is a list of major perpetrators of The Holocaust.

Name	Photograph	Date of birth	Date of death	Age at death	Role	Fate
Hitler, AdolfAdolf Hitler		April 20, 1889	April 30, 1945	56 years, 10 days	Leader of the Nazi Party during the Third Reich Chancellor of Germany Führer of Germany	Committed suicide by gunshot[1][2]
Himmler, Heinrich LuitpoldHeinrich Luitpold Himmler		October 7, 1900	May 23, 1945	44 years, 228 days	Reichsführer-SS Chief of German Police Reich Minister of the Interior	Arrested; committed suicide by biting down on a cyanide capsule
Heydrich, Reinhard Tristan EugenReinhard Tristan Eugen Heydrich		March 7, 1904	June 4, 1942	38 years, 89 days	Chief of the Reich Main Security Office Deputy Reich-Protector of Bohemia and Moravia (acting Protector)	Assassinated in Operation Anthropoid
Eichmann, Otto AdolfOtto Adolf Eichmann		March 19, 1906	May 31, 1962	56 years, 73 days	Head of the Gestapo Office of Jewish Affairs (RSHA Sub-Department IV-B4). Charged by Reinhard Heydrich with facilitating and managing the mass deportations of Jews to ghettos and extermination camps in Eastern Europe.	Evaded arrest after the war and escaped to Argentina in 1950. Discovered and kidnapped by Israeli agents in May 1960; subsequently brought to Israel, tried and executed by hanging in June 1962.
Göring, Hermann WilhelmHermann Wilhelm Göring		January 12, 1893	October 15, 1946	53 years, 276 days	Commander-in-Chief of the Luftwaffe President of the Reichstag Reichsminister of Aviation	Sentenced to death by hanging; committed suicide by cyanide poisoning
Müller, HeinrichHeinrich Müller		April 28, 1900			SS-Gruppenführer und Generalleutnant der Polizei, Chief of the Gestapo 1939–1945	Disappeared; possibly killed in Berlin during May 1945 (unconfirmed)
Globocnik, OdiloOdilo Globocnik		April 21, 1904	May 31, 1945	41 years, 40 days	SS and Police Leader in the General Government Head of Operation Reinhard	Committed suicide by cyanide poisoning
Eicke, TheodorTheodor Eicke		October 17, 1892	February 26, 1943	50 years, 132 days	A major figure in the creation of the Nazi concentration camps First commander of SS Division Totenkopf, which became notorious for its war crimes.	Killed in action
Glücks, RichardRichard Glücks		April 22, 1889	May 10, 1945	56 years, 18 days	Head of Concentration Camp Operations (Amt D: Konzentrationslagerwesen) in the SS Main Economic and Administrative Department (SS-Wirtschafts-Verwaltungshauptamt)	Committed suicide by cyanide poisoning
Kaltenbrunner, ErnstErnst Kaltenbrunner		October 4, 1903	October 16, 1946	43 years, 12 days	Chief of the Reich Main Security Office after Heydrich was assassinated President of Interpol	Executed by hanging
Goebbels, Paul JosephPaul Joseph Goebbels		October 29, 1897	May 1, 1945	47 years, 184 days	Ministry of Public Enlightenment and Propaganda High-ranking Nazi Party member	Committed suicide by gunshot
Frank, Hans MichaelHans Michael Frank		May 23, 1900	October 16, 1946	46 years, 146 days	Governor-General of the General Government	Executed by hanging
Seyss-Inquart, ArthurArthur Seyss-Inquart		July 22, 1892	October 16, 1946	54 years, 86 days	Ruler of the Netherlands after its conquest, and effectively deputy to Hans Frank in occupied Poland	Executed by hanging
Daluege, KurtKurt Daluege		September 15, 1897	October 24, 1946	49 years, 39 days	Chief of the Ordnungspolizei Deputy Reich-Protector of Bohemia and Moravia (acting Protector) Organized the massacres of the Czech villages of Lidice and Ležáky after the assassination of Heydrich	Executed by hanging
Günther, HansHans Günther		August 22, 1910	May 5, 1945	34 years, 256 days	Elder brother of Rolf Günther; head of the Central Office for Jewish Emigration in Prague (1939–1945). Directly in charge of the Final Solution in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia	Killed by Czech partisans during the Prague Uprising
Günther , RolfRolf Günther		January 8, 1913	August 15, 1945	32 years, 219 days	First deputy to Adolf Eichmann in the Gestapo Office of Jewish Affairs and head of the "Emigration Section" (RSHA Sub-Department IV-B4-a). Direct overseer of the deportations of Jews to concentration camps; personally oversaw the deportations of Greek Jews. Chief of Security Police and SD in Vienna (1943–1944) and in Prague (1944–1945)	Taken into American custody in May 1945; committed suicide by cyanide poisoning in August 1945.
Novak, FranzFranz Novak		January 10, 1913	October 21, 1983	70 years, 284 days	Deputy to Adolf Eichmann in the Office of Jewish Affairs; logistics and timetable coordinator for railway deportations of Jews under Rolf Günther (RSHA Sub-Department IV-B4-a-"Transport").	Arrested in 1961; tried and acquitted in 1964 and 1966. Sentenced to 9 years in 1969; verdict reduced to 7 years in 1972; pardoned by the President of Austria with credit for time served.
Pohl, Oswald LudwigOswald Ludwig Pohl		June 30, 1892	June 8, 1951	58 years, 343 days	Chief of the SS-Wirtschafts-Verwaltungshauptamt (SS Main Economic and Administrative Department), the central SS financial office responsible for overall administration of the concentration camps.	Executed by hanging
Greiser, ArthurArthur Greiser		January 22, 1897	July 21, 1946	49 years, 180 days	Gauleiter of Wartheland; active participant in organising the Holocaust in Poland	Executed by hanging
Brunner, AloisAlois Brunner		April 8, 1912	c. 2010	c. 98	Deputy to Adolf Eichmann; organised the deportations of at least 140,000 Jews from France, Greece, Slovakia and Austria. Commandant of the Drancy internment camp	Escaped to Egypt around 1954, then fled to Syria. Served as a consultant to the al-Assad regime on torture techniques; died in Syria of natural causes around 2010.
Dannecker, TheodorTheodor Dannecker		March 27, 1913	December 10, 1945	32 years, 258 days	Deputy to Adolf Eichmann; Head of the SD Hauptamt – Judenreferat (SD Head Office – Jewish Affairs Department) for Paris: September 1940 – July 1942 In charge of the Final Solution in Bulgaria, the Balkans and Hungary (from 1943)	Arrested by the U.S. military; committed suicide
Bormann, Martin LudwigMartin Ludwig Bormann		June 17, 1900	May 2, 1945	44 years, 319 days	Head of the Nazi Party Chancellery Private Secretary to Adolf Hitler	Sentenced to death by hanging in absentia; believed to have committed suicide to avoid capture in Berlin; the buried body was not found until 1972; the remains were conclusively identified in 1998.[3][4]
Rosenberg, Alfred ErnstAlfred Ernst Rosenberg		January 12, 1893	October 16, 1946	53 years, 277 days	Nazi theoretician and head of the Reich Ministry for the Occupied Eastern Territories	Executed by hanging
Brandt, Rudolf HermannRudolf Hermann Brandt		June 2, 1909	June 2, 1948	39 years, 0 days	Chief of the Ministerial Office of the Reich Ministry of the Interior and personal deputy of administration to Heinrich Himmler	Executed by hanging
Freisler, RolandRoland Freisler		October 30, 1893	February 3, 1945	51 years, 96 days	Prominent lawyer/judge and State Secretary of the Reich Ministry of Justice and President of the People's Court (Volksgerichtshof) in Nazi Germany. Between 1942 and 1945, more than 5,000 death sentences were handed out, and of these, 2,600 through the court's First Senate, which Freisler headed	Killed during an Allied bombing raid
Keitel, Wilhelm Bodewin Johann GustavWilhelm Bodewin Johann Gustav Keitel		September 22, 1882	October 16, 1946	64 years, 24 days	Minister of War and chief of the Supreme Command of the Armed Forces	Executed by hanging
Höfle, Hermann Julius "Hans"Hermann Julius "Hans" Höfle		June 19, 1911	August 20, 1962	51 years, 62 days	Coordinator of Operation Reinhard	Arrested; committed suicide by hanging
Thomalla, Richard WolfgangRichard Wolfgang Thomalla		October 23, 1903	May 12, 1945	41 years, 201 days	Head of extermination camp construction during Operation Reinhard	Executed by the NKVD (presumed)
Lambert, Erwin HermannErwin Hermann Lambert		December 7, 1909	October 15, 1976	66 years, 313 days	Head of gas chamber construction during Operation Reinhard	Arrested but acquitted
Steubl, KarlKarl Steubl		October 25, 1910	September 21, 1945	34 years, 331 days	Commander of transportation units during Operation Reinhard	Arrested; committed suicide
Bischoff, KarlKarl Bischoff		August 9, 1897	October 2, 1950	53 years, 54 days	Head of extermination camp construction at Auschwitz II-Birkenau	Died without being suspected of a crime
Wirth, ChristianChristian Wirth		November 24, 1885	May 26, 1944	58 years, 184 days	Inspector of Action T4 and Operation Reinhard; Commandant of Bełżec, March 17, 1942—end of August 1942 (1/2)	Assassinated
Höss, Rudolf Franz FerdinandRudolf Franz Ferdinand Höss		November 25, 1900	April 16, 1947	46 years, 142 days	Commandant of Auschwitz, May 4, 1940—December 1, 1943, May 8, 1944—January 18, 1945 (1/2)	Executed by hanging
Liebehenschel, ArthurArthur Liebehenschel		November 25, 1901	January 28, 1948	46 years, 64 days	Commandant of Auschwitz, December 1, 1943—May 8, 1944 (2/2); Commandant of Majdanek, May 19, 1944—July 22, 1944 (5/5)	Executed by hanging
Eberl, IrmfriedIrmfried Eberl		September 8, 1910	February 16, 1948	37 years, 161 days	Commandant of Treblinka, July 11, 1942—August 26, 1942 (1/3)	Arrested; committed suicide by hanging
Stangl, Franz PaulFranz Paul Stangl		March 26, 1908	June 28, 1971	63 years, 94 days	Commandant of Sobibór, April 28, 1942—August 30, 1942 (1/2); Commandant of Treblinka, September 1, 1942—August 1943 (2/3)	Arrested on February 28, 1967; sentenced to life imprisonment on October 22, 1970; died in prison
Franz, Kurt HubertKurt Hubert Franz		January 17, 1914	July 4, 1998	84 years, 168 days	Commandant of Treblinka, August 1943—October 19, 1943 (3/3)	Arrested on December 2, 1959; sentenced to life imprisonment in 1965; released on health grounds in 1993
Reichleitner, Franz KarlFranz Karl Reichleitner		December 2, 1906	January 3, 1944	37 years, 32 days	Commandant of Sobibór, September 1, 1942—October 17, 1943 (2/2)	Assassinated
Hering, GottliebGottlieb Hering		June 2, 1887	October 9, 1945	58 years, 129 days	Commandant of Bełżec, end of August 1942—June 1943 (2/2)	Died of mysterious health complications
Goeth, Amon LeopoldAmon Leopold Goeth		December 11, 1908	September 13, 1946	37 years, 276 days	Commandant of Kraków-Płaszów (1/1)	Executed by hanging
Mengele, Dr. JosefDr. Josef Mengele		March 16, 1911	February 7, 1979	67 years, 328 days	Human medical experimentation, particularly children, and selection of prisoners to be gassed at Auschwitz	Escaped to Brazil; evaded arrest and died in 1979
Frank, Karl HermannKarl Hermann Frank		January 24, 1898	May 22, 1946	48 years, 118 days	Higher SS and Police Leader (HSSPF) and State Minister for Bohemia and Moravia	Executed by hanging
Rauter, Hanns AlbinHanns Albin Rauter		February 4, 1895	March 24, 1949	54 years, 48 days	Higher SS and Police Leader (HSSPF) for the Netherlands	Executed by firing squad
Oberg, CarlCarl Oberg		January 27, 1897	June 3, 1965	68 years, 127 days	SS and Police Leader (HSSPF) for Radom (August 1941 – May 1942) Higher SS and Police Leader (HSSPF) for France (May 1942 – November 1944). Supreme German authority in France for anti-Jewish and anti-Resistance operations	Sentenced to death – 1946, transferred to French custody and sentenced to death – 1954, commuted to life imprisonment in 1958, released November 1962
Rauff, WalterWalter Rauff		June 19, 1906	May 14, 1984	77 years, 330 days	Most wanted Nazi fugitive in the 1970s and 1980s. Designed gas vans to poison Jews, and persons with disabilities.	Arrested in Italy in 1945; escaped in 1946, fled to Syria in 1948, to Ecuador in 1949, to Chile in 1958. Extradition request by Germany thrown out by Chile in 1963 on the grounds of expired statute of limitations. Died of natural causes in Chile in 1984.
Wirths, Dr. EduardDr. Eduard Wirths		September 4, 1909	September 20, 1945	36 years, 16 days	Human medical experimentation, and formal responsibility of medical staff at Auschwitz	Arrested; committed suicide by hanging
Schumann, Dr. HorstDr. Horst Schumann		May 1, 1906	May 5, 1983	77 years, 4 days	Human medical experimentation at Auschwitz	Arrested in 1966; released on health grounds on July 29, 1972
Clauberg, Dr. CarlDr. Carl Clauberg		September 28, 1898	August 9, 1957	58 years, 315 days	Human medical experimentation at Auschwitz	Sentenced to 25 years imprisonment in 1948; released in 1955; re-arrested in West Germany, but died of a heart attack before being tried
Brack, Viktor HermannViktor Hermann Brack		November 9, 1904	June 2, 1948	43 years, 206 days	Action T4; Human medical experimentation	Executed by hanging
Gebhardt, Dr. Karl FranzDr. Karl Franz Gebhardt		November 23, 1897	June 2, 1948	50 years, 192 days	Director of the German Red Cross and personal physician to Heinrich Himmler. Oversaw human medical experimentation of concentration camp inmates.	Executed by hanging
Klein, Dr. FritzDr. Fritz Klein		November 24, 1888	December 13, 1945	57 years, 19 days	Selection of prisoners to be gassed at Auschwitz	Executed by hanging
Brandt, Dr. KarlDr. Karl Brandt		January 8, 1904	June 2, 1948	44 years, 146 days	Co-director of Action T4 Conducted human medical experimentation	Executed by hanging
Bouhler, PhilippPhilipp Bouhler		September 11, 1899	May 19, 1945	45 years, 250 days	Director of Action T4	Arrested; committed suicide by cyanide poisoning
Kramer, JosefJosef Kramer		November 10, 1906	December 13, 1945	39 years, 33 days	Deputy commandant of Auschwitz Commandant of Bergen-Belsen	Executed by hanging
Aumeier, HansHans Aumeier		August 20, 1906	January 28, 1948	41 years, 161 days	Deputy commandant of Auschwitz	Executed by hanging
Hössler, FranzFranz Hössler		February 4, 1906	December 13, 1945	39 years, 312 days	Deputy commandant of Auschwitz	Executed by hanging
Fritzsch, KarlKarl Fritzsch		July 10, 1903	May 2, 1945?	41 years, 296 days?	Deputy commandant of Auschwitz	Disappeared in May 1945; fate uncertain
Grabner, MaximilianMaximilian Grabner		October 2, 1905	January 28, 1948	42 years, 118 days	Gestapo command (torture of prisoners) at Auschwitz	Executed by hanging
Matthes, Heinrich ArthurHeinrich Arthur Matthes		January 11, 1902	Deceased		Deputy commandant of Treblinka	Arrested in 1964; sentenced to life imprisonment on September 3, 1965
Oberhauser, Josef KasparJosef Kaspar Oberhauser		January 21, 1915	November 22, 1979	64 years, 305 days	Deputy commandant of Bełżec	Sentenced to 15 years in prison; released early on 28 April 1956
Hackenholt, Lorenz MarieLorenz Marie Hackenholt		June 25, 1914	December 31, 1945	31 years, 189 days	Gas chamber construction and executioner of Bełżec and other camps during Operation Reinhard	Declared legally dead
Niemann, JohannJohann Niemann		August 4, 1913	October 14, 1943	30 years, 71 days	Deputy commandant of Bełżec and Sobibór	Assassinated during Sobibór revolt
Wagner, Gustav FranzGustav Franz Wagner		July 18, 1911	October 3, 1980	69 years, 77 days	Deputy commandant of Sobibór	Sentenced to death by hanging in absentia; evaded arrest for 35 years until found dead, believed to have committed suicide by stabbing
Frenzel, Karl August WilhelmKarl August Wilhelm Frenzel		August 28, 1911	September 2, 1996	85 years, 5 days	Commandant of Camp I (forced labor camp) at Sobibór	Arrested on March 22, 1962; sentenced to life imprisonment on December 20, 1966; released on health grounds in 1982
Michel, HermannHermann Michel		April 23, 1912			Deputy commandant of Sobibór	Evaded arrest; whereabouts unknown
Bauer, Hermann ErichHermann Erich Bauer		March 26, 1900	February 4, 1980	79 years, 315 days	Gas chamber executioner of Sobibór	Sentenced to death by hanging; commuted to life imprisonment; died in prison
Bolender, Heinz KurtHeinz Kurt Bolender		May 21, 1912	October 10, 1966	54 years, 142 days	Gas chamber executioner of Sobibór	Arrested in May 1961; committed suicide by hanging
Stroop, JürgenJürgen Stroop		September 26, 1895	March 6, 1952	56 years, 162 days	Suppression and destruction of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising	Executed by hanging
Krüger, Friedrich-WilhelmFriedrich-Wilhelm Krüger		February 27, 1894	May 9, 1945	51 years, 71 days	SS and Police Leader in occupied Poland	Committed suicide
Streckenbach, Bruno HeinrichBruno Heinrich Streckenbach		February 7, 1902	October 28, 1977	75 years, 263 days	Trained the Einsatzgruppen; commander of Einsatzgruppe I in Poland	Sentenced to 25 years imprisonment in 1952; released on October 10, 1955
Jeckeln, Friedrich AugustFriedrich August Jeckeln		February 2, 1895	February 3, 1946	51 years, 1 day	Responsible for Rumbula, Babi Yar, and Kamianets-Podilskyi massacres	Executed by hanging
Stahlecker, Franz WalterFranz Walter Stahlecker		October 10, 1900	March 23, 1942	41 years, 164 days	(Commander of Einsatzgruppe A, Baltic states, June 22, 1941–March 23, 1942 (1/5)	Killed in action
Jost, HeinzHeinz Jost		July 9, 1904	November 12, 1964	60 years, 126 days	Commander of Einsatzgruppe A, Baltic states, March 29, 1942–September 2, 1942 (2/5)	Sentenced to life imprisonment in 1945; commuted to 10 years; released in 1951
Achamer-Pifrader, HumbertHumbert Achamer-Pifrader		November 21, 1900	April 25, 1945	44 years, 155 days	Commander of Einsatzgruppe A, Baltic states, September 10, 1942–September 4, 1943 (3/5)	Killed in air raid
Panzinger, FriedrichFriedrich Panzinger		February 1, 1903	August 8, 1959	56 years, 188 days	Commander of Einsatzgruppe A, Baltic states, September 5, 1943–May 6, 1944 (4/5) Chief of the Kripo (2/2)	Arrested; committed suicide
Fuchs, WilhelmWilhelm Fuchs		September 1, 1898	January 24, 1947	48 years, 145 days	Commander of Einsatzgruppe A, Baltic states, May 6, 1944–October 10, 1944 (5/5); Commander of Einsatzkommando 3, September 15, 1943–May 27, 1944	Executed
Strauch, EduardEduard Strauch		August 17, 1906	September 15, 1955	49 years, 29 days	Commander of Einsatzkommando 2, Latvia (Rumbula), November 4, 1941–December 2, 1941; Commander of Sonderkommando 1b, March 1942–August 1942	Sentenced to death by hanging in 1948; died in prison
Lange, RudolfRudolf Lange		April 18, 1910	February 23, 1945	34 years, 311 days	Commander of Einsatzkommando 2, Latvia, December 3, 1941–1944	Believed to have been killed in action
Jäger, KarlKarl Jäger		September 20, 1888	June 22, 1959	70 years, 275 days	Commander of Einsatzkommando 3, Lithuania, June 1941–August 1, 1943	Discovered and arrested in 1959; committed suicide
Schaper, HermannHermann Schaper		August 12, 1911	deceased after 2002	over 90 years	Commander of Einsatzgruppe B, Poland	Arrested in 1964; released due to insufficient evidence
Nebe, ArthurArthur Nebe		November 13, 1894	March 21, 1945	50 years, 128 days	Commander of Einsatzgruppe B, Belarus, June 1941–November 1941 (1/5) Chief of the Kripo (1/2) President of Interpol	Executed by Nazi Germany for involvement in the failed 20 July 1944 attempt to kill Adolf Hitler
Naumann, ErichErich Naumann		April 29, 1905	June 8, 1951	46 years, 40 days	Commander of Einsatzgruppe B, Belarus, November 1941–March 1943 (2/5)	Executed by hanging
Böhme, HorstHorst Böhme		August 24, 1909	April 10, 1945	35 years, 229 days	Lidice Commander of Einsatzgruppe B, Belarus, March 12, 1943–August 28, 1943, August 12, 1944 (3/5); Commander of Einsatzgruppe C, north and central Ukraine, September 6, 1943–March 1944 (3/3)	Presumed killed in action in Königsberg, East Prussia; officially declared dead in 1954
Ehrlinger, ErichErich Ehrlinger		October 14, 1910	July 31, 2004	93 years, 291 days	Commander of Einsatzgruppe B, Belarus, August 28, 1943–April 1944 (4/5); Commander of Sonderkommando 1b, June 1941–November 1941	Arrested in December 1958; sentenced to 12 years imprisonment
Seetzen, Heinrich OttoHeinrich Otto Seetzen		June 22, 1906	September 28, 1945	39 years, 98 days	Commander of Einsatzgruppe B, Belarus, April 28, 1944–August 1944 (5/5); Commander of Einsatzkommando 10a, Moldova, south Ukraine, the Crimea, and north Caucasus, June 1941–July 1942	Arrested in September 1945; committed suicide by cyanide poisoning.
Bradfisch, OttoOtto Bradfisch		May 10, 1903	June 22, 1994	91 years, 43 days	Commander of Einsatzkommando 8, Belarus, June 1941–April 1, 1942	Arrested on April 21, 1958; sentenced to 13 years imprisonment in 1963
Rasch, Emil OttoEmil Otto Rasch		December 7, 1891	November 1, 1948	56 years, 330 days	Commander of Einsatzgruppe C, north and central Ukraine, June 1941–October 1941 (1/3)	Arrested; removed from trial on health grounds; died in prison
Thomas, MaxMax Thomas		August 4, 1891	December 6, 1945	54 years, 124 days	Commander of Einsatzgruppe C, north and central Ukraine, October 1941–April 29, 1943 (2/3)	Committed suicide
Blobel, PaulPaul Blobel		August 13, 1894	June 8, 1951	56 years, 299 days	Commander of Einsatzkommando 4a, Ukraine (Babi Yar), June 1941–January 13, 1942; Director of Sonderaktion 1005	Executed by hanging
Ohlendorf, OttoOtto Ohlendorf		February 4, 1907	June 8, 1951	44 years, 124 days	Commander of Einsatzgruppe D, Moldova, south Ukraine, the Crimea, and north Caucasus, June 1941–July 1942 (1/2)	Executed by hanging
Bierkamp, WaltherWalther Bierkamp		December 17, 1901	May 15, 1945	43 years, 149 days	Commander of Einsatzgruppe D, Moldova, south Ukraine, the Crimea, and north Caucasus, July 1942–March 1943 (2/2)	Committed suicide
Braune, WernerWerner Braune		April 11, 1909	June 8, 1951	42 years, 58 days	Commander of Einsatzkommando 11b, south Ukraine and the Crimea, October 1941–September 1942	Executed by hanging
Mandel, MariaMaria Mandel		January 10, 1912	January 24, 1948	36 years, 14 days	Commandant of female camp at Auschwitz	Executed by hanging
Grese, Irma Ida IlseIrma Ida Ilse Grese		October 7, 1924	December 13, 1945	21 years, 67 days	Warden of the women's section of Bergen-Belsen, and later Auschwitz	Executed by hanging

References

1. Kershaw (2008) Hitler: A Biography, p. 955
2. Joachimsthaler (1999) [1995] The Last Days of Hitler: The Legends, the Evidence, the Truth, pp. 160–182
3. Beevor (2002) Berlin: The Downfall 1945, p. 383
4. Miller (2006) Leaders of the SS and German Police, Vol. 1, p. 154