Iranian constitutional referendum, 1989

Results
	Votes	%
Yes	16,025,459	7001975700000099999♠97.57%
No	398,867	7000243000000000000♠2.43%
Valid votes	16,424,326	7001999700000000000♠99.97%
Invalid or blank votes	4,650	6998300000000000000♠0.03%
Total votes	16,428,976	100.00%
Registered voters/turnout	30,139,598	7001545100000000000♠54.51%

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A constitutional referendum was held in Iran on 28 July 1989, alongside presidential elections. Approved by 97.6% of voters,^[1] It was the first and so far only time the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran has been amended. It made several changes to articles 5, 107, 109, 111, and added article 176. It eliminated the need for the Supreme Leader (rahbar) of the country to be a marja or chosen by popular acclaim,^[2] it eliminated the post of prime minister, and it created a Supreme National Security Council.

Background

On 24 April 1989 while on his deathbed, Ayatollah Khomeini appointed a 25-man Constitutional Reform Council (also known as the Assembly for Revising the Constitution). The council named Ali Khamenei as Khomeini's successor as Supreme Leader of Iran and drew up several amendments to the original constitution. Since the senior mujtahid or Marja of Iran had given only lukewarm support to Khomeini's principle of rule by Islamic jurist, and Khamenei was not a marja, the original prerequisite that the rahbar (leader) be "a paramount faqih" (i.e. one of these marja) was dropped from the constitution.^[3]

Some changes to the constitution introduced by the Reform Council include:

changing the name of the Majlis-e Melli to the Majlis-e Islami.
increasing the size of the Assembly of Experts to 86 members
giving the Assembly of Experts the authority to convene at least once a year and to determine whether the Supreme Leader was ‘mentally and physically capable of carrying out his arduous duties.’
transforming the Expediency Council into a permanent body with members appointed by the Supreme Leader as well as representatives from the three branches of government, the armed forces, the intelligence service, and the Guardian Council.

The amendments were approved by Iranian voters and became law on 28 July 1989.^[4]

Members of the council

This is a list of members of Constitutional Amendment Council of Iran, appointed by Ayatollah Khomeini, who reviewed and amended the Constitution of Iran in 1989:

Results

Choice	Votes	%
For	16,025,459	97.6
Against	398,867	2.4
Invalid/blank votes	32,445	–
Total	16,456,771	100
Source: Nohlen et al.

References

↑ Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume I, p72 ISBN 0-19-924958-X
↑ Moin, Baqer, Khomeini, (2001), p.293
↑ Abrahamian, History of Modern Iran, (2008), p.182
↑ Iran - Constitution

External links

(Persian) Transcripts of Amendment Council sessions

Elections and referendums in Iran

Presidential elections	1980 1981 (Jul) 1981 (Oct) 1985 1989 1993 1997 2001 2005 2009 2013 2017

Parliamentary elections	1906 1909 1914 1921 1923 1926 1928 1930 1933 1935 1937 1939 1941 1944 1947 1950 1952 1954 1956 1960 1961 1963 1967 1971 1975 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020

Senate elections	1949 1954 1960 1963 1967 1971 1975

Assembly of Experts elections	1982 1990 1998 2006 2016

Local councils elections	1999 2003 2006 2013 2017

Constitutional Assembly elections	1925 1949 1967 1979

Referendums	1953 1963 1979 (Mar) 1979 (Dec) 1989

List of elections

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