List of urban areas by population

This is a list of contiguous urban areas of the world ordered according to population as of 2014/2015. The figures here have been taken from Demographia's "World Urban Areas" study.^[1]

Definitions and issues

Demographia defines an urban area (urbanized area agglomeration or urban centre) as a continuously built up land mass of urban development that is within a labor market (i.e. metropolitan area or metropolitan region), without regard for administrative boundaries (i.e. municipality, city or commune). Except in Australia, the authorities use a minimum urban density definition of 400 persons per square kilometer (or the nearly identical 1,000 per square mile in the United States). Demographia uses maps, satellite photographs to estimate continuous urbanization. Demographia also uses small area population data, where available, to match population estimates to urbanized land area. National census authority data are presented in Australia, Canada, France, Norway, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the United States. Census of India urban agglomerations are not used in some cases because the geographical size of constituent units (municipalities) often includes large rural (non-urban) areas.

Sources for population estimates and land area definitions are coded by letter in the Table below, respectively.

A: National census authority data agglomeration data (land area or population).

B: Demographia land area estimate based upon map or satellite photograph analysis.

C: Demographia population estimate from lower order jurisdictions, including reduction for rural areas.

D: Population estimate based upon the United Nations agglomeration estimate.

E: Demographia population estimate from national census authority data.

F: Other Demographia population estimate, such as from unofficial local reports.

L: Demographia population estimate from local authority data.

N: Combined urban area using national census authority data.

W: Population estimate based upon the World Bank Urban Area 2015 estimate.

The most reliable population estimates are A and N. Population estimates C are generally reliable. Population estimates D are less reliable, because it is sometimes difficult to determine whether the data is based upon metropolitan area, urban area populations or some other definition. Population estimates E are also less reliable, for generally these estimates are derived by subtracting estimated population for the rural parts of metropolitan areas based upon estimated urban versus rural population differentials. Population estimates coded F and L are the least reliable (e.g. Pyongyang in Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) and Tunis in Tunisia).

The projected year (2013) population estimate is further calculated from the base year population estimate using population growth rate based upon the United Nations population growth rate with some exceptions.

The estimates are quite different from the list of World's largest urban agglomerations produced by the United Nations that reports inconsistently on urban geographic, despite its reference to agglomerations. This is evident, for example, in Manila, Kuala Lumpur, Jakarta, Seoul and Moscow, where the UN data are for political jurisdictions, rather than urban areas. In other cases, the UN data is for metropolitan area, which are larger than urban areas (such as in Brazil). Finally, the United Nations data is incomplete, excluding some significant urban areas (such as Essen–Düsseldorf in Germany).

Urban areas are confined to a single metropolitan area or labor market area. In some cases, urban areas have virtually grown together (e.g. Taiheiyō Belt in Japan, the Pearl River Delta in the People's Republic of China and the Northeast megalopolis in the United States), yet are still considered separate urban areas.

Urban areas are confined to a single nation, unless there is freedom of movement (including labor) between the adjacent nations. Currently, this condition is met only between some continental nations of the European Union and Switzerland (e.g. Lille–Kortrijk in both France and Belgium, Aachen–Vaals in both Germany and Netherlands, Saarbrücken–Forbach in both Germany and France, Geneva–Annemasse in both Switzerland and France, and Basel–Lörrach–Saint-Louis in Switzerland, Germany and France). Thus, Detroit–Windsor in both the United States and Canada, and San Diego–Tijuana in both the United States and Mexico are not treated as single urban areas. Moreover, Shenzhen–Hong Kong is treated as separate urban areas, principally because labor movement between the two is limited, with the former within China and the latter a special administrative region of China.

According to the report, there are 875 identified urban areas in the world with 500,000 or more population as of 2013. Demographia released along with the report include a disclaimer that this list of data is compiled on best available information, the vary nature of which is changing rapidly and quality is improving as it becomes available, yet still remains highly variable between nations, and hefty revisions are not unforeseen for the future. Appropriate caution is therefore advised.

224 urban areas with population of over two million

Urban areas (population over 1,000,000)

2015 Rank[1]	2014 Rank	City	Country	Population	Area (km^2)	Density (/km^2)	Sources of Pop. / Area
1	1	Tokyo–Yokohama (Keihin)[2]	Japan	37,750,000	8,547	4,400	C / B
2	2	Jakarta (Jabodetabek)[3]	Indonesia	30,091,131	6,392	4,707	C / B
3	4	Delhi (NCR) [4]	India	24,998,000	2,072	12,100	A / B
4	6	Manila (Metro Manila)[5]	Philippines	24,123,000	1,580	15,300	C / B
5	8	New York City[6]	United States	23,723,696	11,642	2,040	N / N
6	3	Seoul–Gyeonggi–Incheon (Sudogwon)[7]	South Korea	23,480,000	10,400	2,266	C / B
7	5	Shanghai[8]	China	23,416,000	3,280	6,100	L / B
8	7	Karachi[9]	Pakistan	22,123,000	3,527	6,272	C / B
9	11	Beijing[10]	China	21,009,000	3,820	5,500	L / B
10	12	Guangzhou–Foshan (Guangfo)[11]	China	20,597,000	3,432	6,000	C / B
11	9	São Paulo[12]	Brazil	20,365,000	2,707	7,500	C / B
12	10	Mexico City (Valley of Mexico)[13]	Mexico	20,063,000	2,072	9,700	C / B
13	13	Mumbai [14]	India	17,712,000	546	32,400	C / B
14	14	Osaka–Kobe–Kyoto (Keihanshin)[15]	Japan	17,444,000	3,212	5,400	C / B
15	15	Moscow[16]	Russia	16,170,000	4,662	3,500	C / B
16	21	Dhaka[17]	Bangladesh	15,669,000	360	43,500	C / B
17	16	Greater Cairo	Egypt	15,600,000	1,761	8,900	C / B
18	17	Los Angeles[18]	United States	15,058,000	6,299	2,400	N / N
19	20	Bangkok	Thailand	14,998,000	2,590	5,800	C / B
20	19	Kolkata	India	14,667,000	1,204	12,200	A / B
21	22	Buenos Aires[19]	Argentina	14,122,000	2,681	5,300	C / B
22	22	Tehran[20]	Iran	13,532,000	1,489	9,100	C / B
23	23	Istanbul	Turkey	13,287,000	1,360	9,800	C / B
24	15	Lagos	Nigeria	13,123,000	907	14,500	D / B
25	24	Shenzhen[11]	China	12,084,000	1,748	6,900	C / B
26	26	Rio de Janeiro	Brazil	11,727,000	2,020	5,800	C / B
27	31	Kinshasa[21]	Democratic Republic of the Congo	11,587,000	583	19,900	D / B
28	32	Tianjin[22]	China	10,920,000	2,007	5,400	F / B
29	27	Paris	France	10,858,000	2,845	3,800	A / A
30	30	Lima	Peru	10,750,000	919	11,700	C / B
31	39	Chengdu	China	10,376,000	1,541	6,700	C / B
32	29	London[23]	United Kingdom	10,236,000	1,738	5,900	A / A
33	28	Nagoya (Chūkyō)[24]	Japan	10,177,000	3,885	2,600	C / B
34	42	Lahore	Pakistan	10,052,000	790	12,700	F / B
35	33	Bengaluru	India	9,714,000	1,166	8,400	A / B
36	34	Chicago[25]	United States	9,156,000	6,856	1,300	N / N
37	-	Surabaya (Gerbangkertosusila)	Indonesia	9,115,485	5,925.84	1,538.25	C / B
38	36	Bogotá	Colombia	8,991,000	492	18,300	C / B
39	37	Ho Chi Minh City (Saigon)	Vietnam	8,957,000	1,489	6,000	C / B
40	41	Hyderabad	India	8,754,000	1,230	7,100	A / B
41	35	Chennai	India	8,728,906	971	10,000	A / B
41	38	Dongguan[11]	China	8,442,000	1,619	5,200	C / B
42	43	Johannesburg–East Rand[26]	South Africa	8,432,000	2,590	3,300	C / B
43	44	Wuhan	China	7,509,000	1,166	6,400	L / B
44	40	Taipei-Taoyuan[27]	Taiwan	7,438,000	1,140	6,500	C / B
45	50	Hangzhou[8]	China	7,275,000	1,217	6,000	C / B
46	46	Hong Kong[11]	China	7,246,000	275	26,400	C / B
47	48	Chongqing[28]	China	7,217,000	932	7,700	C / B
48	47	Ahmedabad	India	7,186,000	350	20,600	A / B
49	49	Kuala Lumpur (Klang Valley)[29]	Malaysia	7,088,000	1,943	3,600	C / B
50	57	Quanzhou[30]	China	6,710,000	1,529	4,400	C / B
51	45	Essen–Düsseldorf (Ruhr Area)[31]	Germany	6,679,000	2,655	2,500	C / B
52	51	Baghdad	Iraq	6,625,000	673	9,800	D / B
53	52	Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area	Canada	6,456,000	2,287	2,800	N / N
54	53	Santiago[32]	Chile	6,225,000	984	6,300	C / B
55	55	Dallas–Fort Worth[33]	United States	6,174,000	5,175	1,200	N / N
56	54	Madrid	Spain	6,171,000	1,321	4,700	C / B
57	59	Nanjing[8]	China	6,155,000	1,269	4,800	L / B
58	60	Shenyang[34]	China	6,078,000	1,010	6,000	C / B
59	65	Xi'an–Xianyang[35]	China	5,977,000	932	6,400	C / B
60	56	San Francisco–San Jose[36]	United States	5,929,000	2,797	2,100	N / N
61	64	Luanda	Angola	5,899,000	894	6,600	C / B
62	85	Qingdao–Jimo	China	5,816,000	1,489	3,900	C / B
63	63	Houston[37]	United States	5,764,000	4,644	1,200	N / N
63	58	Miami[38]	United States	5,764,000	3,209	1,800	A / A
65	74	Bandung	Indonesia	5,695,000	466	12,200	C / B
66	69	Riyadh	Saudi Arabia	5,666,000	1,502	3,800	C / B
67	67	Pune	India	5,631,000	479	11,800	A / B
68	66	Singapore[39]	Singapore	5,624,000	518	10,900	A / B
69	62	Philadelphia[6]	United States	5,570,000	5,131	1,100	A / A
70	73	Surat	India	5,447,000	233	23,400	A / B
71	68	Milan[40]	Italy	5,257,000	1,891	2,800	C / B
72	86	Suzhou[8]	China	5,246,000	1,127	4,700	C / B
73	71	Saint Petersburg[41]	Russia	5,126,000	1,347	3,800	C / B
74	70	Khartoum	Sudan	5,125,000	932	5,500	D / B
75	75	Atlanta[42]	United States	5,015,000	6,851	700	A / A
76	89	Zhengzhou–Xingyang	China	4,942,000	829	6,000	C / B
77	72	Washington, D.C.[43]	United States	4,889,000	3,424	1,400	A / A
79	82	Harbin[44]	China	4,815,000	570	8,500	C / B
80	79	Abidjan	Ivory Coast	4,800,000	324	14,800	D / B
80	77	Yangon (Rangoon)	Myanmar	4,800,000	544	8,800	D / B
82	84	Nairobi	Kenya	4,738,000	557	8,500	C / B
83	78	Barcelona	Spain	4,693,000	1,075	4,400	C / B
84	79	Alexandria	Egypt	4,689,000	293	16,000	C / B
85	113	Kabul	Afghanistan	4,635,000	259	17,900	D / B
86	81	Guadalajara	Mexico	4,603,000	751	6,100	C / B
87	93	Sydney[45]	Australia	4,588,000	2,037	2,000	N / A
88	87	Ankara	Turkey	4,538,000	660	6,900	C / B
89	100	Melbourne[46]	Australia	4,530,000	2,543	1,500	N / A
90	61	Belo Horizonte	Brazil	4,517,000	1,088	4,200	C / B
91	83	Boston[47]	United States	4,478,000	5,325	800	N / N
92	120	Xiamen[48]	China	4,420,000	583	7,600	C / B
93	96	Kuwait City	Kuwait	4,283,000	712	6,000	C / B
94	104	Dar es Salaam	Tanzania	4,219,000	570	7,400	C / B
95	91	Phoenix[49]	United States	4,194,000	3,196	1,300	N / N
96	98	Dalian	China	4,183,000	777	5,400	C / B
97	95	Accra	Ghana	4,145,000	971	4,300	C / B
98	115	Montréal[50]	Canada	4,127,963	1,545	2,206	A / A
99	88	Monterrey	Mexico	4,083,000	894	4,600	C / B
100	93	Berlin	Germany	4,069,000	1,347	3,000	C / B
101	107	Fuzhou	China	3,962,000	440	9,000	C / B
102	196	Medan	Indonesia	3,942,000	479	8,200	C / B
103	122	Dubai[51]	United Arab Emirates	3,933,000	1,347	2,900	C / B
104	97	Rome[52]	Italy	3,906,000	1,114	3,500	C / B
105	108	Cape Town	South Africa	3,812,000	816	4,700	C / B
106	121	Busan[53]	South Korea	3,806,000	770	4,800	C / B
107	112	Jinan	China	3,789,000	725	5,200	C / B
108	123	Ningbo[8]	China	3,753,000	738	5,100	C / B
109	169	Hanoi	Vietnam	3,715,000	466	8,000	C / B
110	103	Naples	Italy	3,706,000	1,023	3,600	C / B
111	109	Taiyuan—Yuci[54]	China	3,702,000	518	7,100	C / B
112	118	Jeddah	Saudi Arabia	3,677,000	842	4,400	C / B
113	101	Detroit[55]	United States	3,672,000	3,463	1,100	A / A
114	110	Hefei	China	3,665,000	725	5,100	C / B
115	128	Changsha	China	3,657,000	622	5,900	C / B
116	118	Kunming–Anning	China	3,649,000	712	5,100	C / B
117	116	Wuxi[8]	China	3,597,000	738	4,900	C / B
118	102	Medellín	Colombia	3,568,000	228	15,700	C / B
119	132	Faisalabad	Pakistan	3,560,000	181	19,600	D / B
120	126	Aleppo	Syria	3,560,000	259	13,700	D / B
121	105	Kano	Nigeria	3,550,000	251	14,100	D / B
122	125	Dakar	Senegal	3,520,000	194	18,100	D / B
123	111	Athens	Greece	3,484,000	583	6,000	C / B
124	147	Changzhou[11]	China	3,425,000	829	4,100	C / B
125	114	Durban (eThekwini)	South Africa	3,421,000	1,062	3,200	C / B
126	92	Porto Alegre	Brazil	3,413,000	803	4,300	C / B
127	131	Jaipur	India	3,409,000	414	8,200	A / B
128	105	Fortaleza	Brazil	3,401,000	518	6,600	C / B
129	129	Addis Ababa	Ethiopia	3,376,000	440	7,700	C / B
130	130	Changchun	China	3,368,000	531	6,300	C / B
131	141	Shijiazhuang	China	3,367,000	518	6,500	C / B
132	98	Recife	Brazil	3,347,000	414	8,100	C / B
133	137	Mashhad	Iran	3,294,000	298	11,100	C / B
134	133	Seattle[56]	United States	3,218,000	2,616	1,200	A / A
135	136	Casablanca	Morocco	3,211,000	272	11,800	C / B
136	90	Salvador[57]	Brazil	3,190,000	350	9,100	C / B
137	149	Ürümqi	China	3,184,000	492	6,500	C / B
137	144	Lucknow	India	3,184,000	324	9,800	A / B
139	138	Chittagong	Bangladesh	3,176,000	111	28,500	C / B
140	151	Wenzhou[58]	China	3,169,000	324	9,800	C / B
141	133	Ibadan	Nigeria	3,160,000	466	6,800	D / B
142	148	İzmir	Turkey	3,112,000	298	10,400	C / B
143	127	Curitiba	Brazil	3,102,000	842	3,700	C / B
144	139	San Diego[59]	United States	3,086,000	1,896	1,600	A / A
145	166	Yaoundé	Cameroon	3,060,000	231	13,300	D / B
146	187	Zhangjiagang–Jiangyin–Jingjiang[11]	China	3,056,000	673	4,500	C / B
147	141	Kanpur	India	3,037,000	207	14,700	A / B
148	192	Zhongshan[11]	China	3,031,000	686	4,400	C / B
149	163	Sana'a	Yemen	2,980,000	223	13,400	D / B
150	117	Tel Aviv	Israel	2,979,000	479	6,200	C / B
151	155	Guiyang	China	2,955,000	324	9,100	C / B
152	162	Douala	Cameroon	2,940,000	205	14,400	D / B
153	146	Taichung	Taiwan	2,935,000	492	6,000	C / B
154	165	Pretoria (Tshwane)[26]	South Africa	2,927,000	1,230	2,400	C / B
155	194	Santo Domingo	Dominican Republic	2,925,000	298	9,800	D / B
156	150	Hyderabad	Pakistan	2,920,000	73	40,300	C / B
157	124	Caracas	Venezuela	2,861,000	295	9,700	C / B
158	140	Pyongyang	North Korea	2,850,000	176	16,200	D / B
159	154	Kalyan[14]	India	2,841,000	93	30,500	C / B
160	200	Asunción	Paraguay	2,827,000	648	4,400	C / B
161	157	Minneapolis–Saint Paul[60]	United States	2,771,000	2,647	1,000	A / A
162	171	Lanzhou	China	2,703,000	259	10,400	C / B
163	202	Ouagadougou	Burkina Faso	2,700,000	466	5,800	D / B
163	180	Guayaquil	Ecuador	2,700,000	220	12,300	D / B
165	164	Nagpur	India	2,668,000	246	10,800	A / B
166	158	Lisbon	Portugal	2,666,000	958	2,800	C / B
167	215	Baku[61]	Azerbaijan	2,661,000	1,101	2,400	C / B
168	213	Rotterdam–The Hague[62]	Netherlands	2,660,000	984	2,700	C / B
169	168	Campinas	Brazil	2,645,000	932	2,800	C / B
170	197	Manchester[63]	United Kingdom	2,639,000	630	4,200	A / A
171	175	Nanchang	China	2,637,000	544	4,800	C / B
172	170	Tampa–St. Petersburg[64]	United States	2,621,000	2,479	1,100	A / A
173	159	Maputo[65]	Mozambique	2,615,000	414	6,300	C / B
174	153	Kaohsiung	Taiwan	2,599,000	363	7,200	C / B
175	145	Algiers	Algeria	2,590,000	453	5,700	D / B
175	191	Nanning	China	2,590,000	306	8,500	C / B
177	160	Sapporo	Japan	2,570,000	622	4,100	D / B
178	156	Damascus	Syria	2,560,000	181	14,100	D / B
179	173	Denver[66]	United States	2,559,000	1,730	1,500	A / A
180	179	Brasília[67]	Brazil	2,536,000	673	3,800	C / B
181	176	Cebu City (Metro Cebu)	Philippines	2,535,000	207	12,200	C / B
182	167	Fukuoka[68]	Japan	2,525,000	531	4,800	C / B
183	190	Birmingham[69]	United Kingdom	2,512,000	599	4,200	A / A
184	135	Rawalpindi–Islamabad	Pakistan	2,510,000	427	5,900	D / B
185	143	Kumasi	Ghana	2,500,000	337	7,400	C / B
185	203	Bamako	Mali	2,500,000	311	8,000	D / B
187	197	Coimbatore	India	2,481,000	285	8,700	A / B
188	161	Amman[70]	Jordan	2,468,000	344	7,200	C / B
189	211	Linyi	China	2,465,000	907	2,700	C / B
190	185	Port-au-Prince	Haiti	2,332,000	171	14,300	D / B
190	183	Abuja	Nigeria	2,440,000	225	10,800	D / B
192	182	Shantou[71]	China	2,419,000	363	6,700	C / B
193	193	Indore[72]	India	2,405,000	272	8,800	A / B
194	218	Antananarivo	Madagascar	2,398,000	220	10,900	C / B
195	212	Kozhikode (Calicut)	India	2,394,000	119	20,100	A / B
196	189	Isfahan	Iran	2,392,000	350	6,800	C / B
197	201	Chaoyang–Chaonan[71]	China	2,391,000	272	8,800	C / B
198	178	Daegu	South Korea	2,382,000	246	9,700	C / B
199	221	Tangshan[22]	China	2,378,000	277	8,600	C / B
200	199	Kochi (Cochin)	India	2,374,000	440	5,400	A / B
201	174	Cali	Colombia	2,357,000	189	12,500	C / B
202	217	Shaoxing[11]	China	2,350,000	479	4,900	C / B
203	224	Port Harcourt[20]	Nigeria	2,340,000	158	14,800	D / B
204	389	George Town (Greater Penang)[73]	Malaysia	2,292,400	2,740	840	A / B
205	206	Vancouver[74]	Canada	2,135,201	1,150.43	1856	A / A
206	243	Huai'an	China	2,282,000	148	15,500	C / B
207	195	Baltimore[43]	United States	2,263,000	1,857	1,200	A / A
208	186	Tashkent	Uzbekistan	2,250,000	531	4,200	D / B
209	152	Kiev	Ukraine	2,241,000	544	4,100	D / B
210	244	Thrissur	India	2,236,000	363	6,200	A / B
211	225	Hohhot	China	2,219,000	401	5,500	C / B
212	287	Harare	Zimbabwe	2,203,000	829	2,700	C / B
213	209	Patna	India	2,200,000	142	15,400	A / B
214	222	Beirut	Lebanon	2,200,000	673	3,300	D / B
215	227	Las Vegas	United States	2,191,000	1,080	2,000	A / A
216	172	Katowice–Gliwice–Tychy (Silesian Metropolis)	Poland	2,190,000	673	3,300	C / B
217	245	Lusaka	Zambia	2,190,000	179	12,300	D / B
218	208	St. Louis[75]	United States	2,186,000	2,393	900	A / A
219	205	Colombo	Sri Lanka	2,180,000	223	9,800	C / B
220	220	Baotou	China	2,159,000	376	5,700	C / B
221	207	San Juan	Puerto Rico	2,139,000	2,246	1,000	A / A
222	215	Havana	Cuba	2,130,000	285	7,500	D / B
223	240	Gujranwala	Pakistan	2,120,000	148	14,400	D / B
224	284	Mogadishu	Somalia	2,120,000	91	23,400	D / B
225	210	Goiânia	Brazil	2,117,000	699	3,000	C / B
226	258	Santa Cruz de la Sierra	Bolivia	2,110,000	596	3,500	C / B
227	268	Malappuram	India	2,108,000	324	6,500	A / B
228	219	Cologne–Bonn[31]	Germany	2,104,000	932	2,300	C / B
229	228	Brussels	Belgium	2,089,000	803	2,600	C / B
230	181	Puebla	Mexico	2,088,000	440	4,700	C / B
231	252	Hamburg	Germany	2,087,000	777	2,700	C / B
232	226	Bhopal	India	2,075,000	181	11,400	A / B
233	281	Kannur	India	2,047,000	91	22,600	A / B
234	230	Orlando	United States	2,040,000	1,958	1,000	N / N
235	184	Maracaibo	Venezuela	2,037,000	407	5,000	C / B
236	263	Handan	China	2,000,000	168	11,900	C / B
236	269	Lubumbashi	Democratic Republic of the Congo	2,000,000	155	12,900	D / B
236	324	Mbuji-Mayi	Democratic Republic of the Congo	2,000,000	122	16,400	D / B
239	234	Brisbane	Australia	1,999,000	1,972	1,000	A / A
240	177	Tunis	Tunisia	1,990,000	363	5,500	D / B
241	291	Haikou	China	1,981,000	311	6,400	C / B
241	335	Munich	Germany	1,981,000	466	4,200	C / B
243	223	Kitakyūshū[68]	Japan	1,980,000	492	4,000	C / B
244	214	Belém	Brazil	1,979,000	259	7,600	C / B
245	232	Portland	United States	1,976,000	1,357	1,500	A / A
245	241	San Antonio	United States	1,976,000	1,546	1,300	A / A
247	248	Tijuana	Mexico	1,968,000	466	4,200	D / B
248	235	Vadodara	India	1,963,000	137	14,300	A / B
249	239	Lomé	Togo	1,941,000	207	9,400	F / B
250	257	Luoyang	China	1,939,000	220	8,800	C / B
251	249	Agra	India	1,938,000	130	15,000	A / B
252	247	Conakry	Guinea	1,930,000	161	12,000	D / B
252	250	Kampala	Uganda	1,930,000	492	3,900	D / B
254	256	Thiruvananthapuram	India	1,921,000	142	13,500	A / B
255	188	Frankfurt	Germany	1,915,000	648	3,000	C / B
256	241	Minsk	Belarus	1,910,000	324	5,900	D / B
256	251	Visakhapatnam	India	1,910,000	181	10,500	A / B
258	254	La Paz	Bolivia	1,907,000	272	7,000	C / B
259	238	Multan	Pakistan	1,900,000	207	9,200	D / B
260	232	Manaus	Brazil	1,893,000	324	5,800	C / B
260	304	Sargodha	Pakistan	1,893,000	488	3,900	A / A
262	253	Sacramento	United States	1,885,000	1,220	1,500	A / A
263	259	Toluca	Mexico	1,878,000	272	6,900	D / B
264	267	Shiraz	Iran	1,873,000	246	7,600	C / B
265	230	Bucharest	Romania	1,860,000	285	6,500	D / B
266	272	Brazzaville	Republic of the Congo	1,850,000	181	10,200	D / B
267	237	Rabat	Morocco	1,845,000	184	10,000	C / B
268	262	Bursa	Turkey	1,839,000	207	8,900	C / B
269	356	Yogyakarta	Indonesia	1,831,000	233	7,900	C / B
270	316	Adana	Turkey	1,830,000	161	11,400	D / B
271	294	Kunshan	China	1,815,000	557	3,300	C / B
272	255	Cleveland	United States	1,783,000	1,999	900	A / A
273	261	Vienna	Austria	1,763,000	453	3,900	C / B
273	332	Huizhou	China	1,763,000	207	8,500	C / B
275	278	Perth	Australia	1,751,000	1,566	1,100	A / A
276	285	Nashik	India	1,749,000	111	15,700	A / B
277	229	Barranquilla	Colombia	1,748,000	179	9,800	C / B
278	290	Peshawar	Pakistan	1,730,000	117	14,800	D / B
278	260	Pittsburgh	United States	1,730,000	2,344	700	A / A
280	271	Phnom Penh	Cambodia	1,729,000	220	7,900	D / B
281	274	Quito	Ecuador	1,720,000	479	3,600	D / B
281	266	Warsaw	Poland	1,720,000	544	3,200	D / B
283	301	Vijayawada	India	1,715,000	57	30,100	A / B
284	272	Ludhiana	India	1,714,000	168	10,200	A / B
285	264	Budapest	Hungary	1,710,000	894	1,900	D / B
286	288	Datong	China	1,709,000	181	9,400	C / B
287	-	Yiwu—Dongyang	China	1,704,000	233	7,300	C / B
288	277	Montevideo	Uruguay	1,700,000	259	6,600	D / B
289	279	Tabriz	Iran	1,693,000	168	10,100	C / B
290	283	Johor Bahru (Iskandar Malaysia)	Malaysia	1,688,000	712	2,400	C / B
291	286	Cincinnati	United States	1,682,000	2,041	800	A / A
292	298	Mosul	Iraq	1,675,000	140	12,000	D / B
293	265	Santos	Brazil	1,653,000	298	5,500	C / B
294	298	Mecca	Saudi Arabia	1,647,000	389	4,200	C / B
295	293	Zibo	China	1,646,000	350	4,700	C / B
296	-	Homs	Syria	1,640,000	83	19,800	D / B
297	282	Jilin	China	1,633,000	194	8,400	C / B
298	246	Semarang	Indonesia	1,630,000	272	6,000	D / B
298	312	Davao City	Philippines	1,630,000	130	12,600	D / B
300	432	Amsterdam	Netherlands	1,624,000	505	3,200	C / B
301	307	Indianapolis	United States	1,617,000	1,829	900	A / A
302	314	Austin	United States	1,616,000	1,355	1,200	A / A
303	270	Yinchuan	China	1,614,000	342	4,700	C / B
304	315	Gwangju	South Korea	1,601,000	127	12,600	D / B
305	325	Weifang	China	1,595,000	246	6,500	C / B
306	302	Kansas City	United States	1,593,000	1,756	900	A / A
307	300	Córdoba	Argentina	1,585,000	363	4,400	C / B
307	-	Taizhou (Zhejiang)	China	1,585,000	233	6,800	C / B
309	317	Novosibirsk	Russia	1,584,138	506	3,133	C / B
310	302	Lyon	France	1,583,000	1,178	1,300	C / B
311	308	Madurai	India	1,582,000	75	21,100	A / B
312	-	General Santos	Philippines	1,579,000	75	21,000	C / B
313	319	Liuzhou	China	1,574,000	207	7,600	C / B
314	320	Rajkot	India	1,568,000	75	20,900	A / B
315	-	Doha	Qatar	1,564,000	583	2,700	C / B
315	309	Daejeon	South Korea	1,564,000	132	11,800	C / B
317	295	Yangzhou	China	1,561,000	233	6,700	C / B
318	-	Valencia	Spain	1,561,000	272	5,700	C / B
319	349	Zhuhai—Macau	China	1,547,000	272	5,700	C / B
320	313	Meerut	India	1,541,000	104	14,900	A / B
321	311	Varanasi	India	1,536,000	101	15,200	A / B
322	344	Charlotte	United States	1,535,000	1,919	800	A / A
323	310	Turin	Italy	1,521,000	376	4,100	C / B
324	333	Yantai	China	1,520,000	262	5,800	C / B
325	297	Anshan–Liaoyang	China	1,516,000	363	4,200	C / B
326	326	Almaty	Kazakhstan	1,500,000	420	3,600	D / B
327	204	Panama City	Panama	1,498,000	220	6,800	C / B
328	370	Cixi	China	1,490,000	414	3,600	C / B
328	322	Benin City	Nigeria	1,490,000	228	6,500	D / B
330	291	Makassar	Indonesia	1,484,000	179	8,300	C / B
330	323	Stockholm	Sweden	1,484,000	382	3,900	A / A
332	328	Columbus	United States	1,481,000	1,321	1,100	A / A
333	337	Yekaterinburg	Russia	1,477,350	1147	1,288	C / B
334	236	Valencia	Venezuela	1,477,000	363	4,100	C / B
335	329	Porto	Portugal	1,474,000	777	1,900	C / B
336	276	León	Mexico	1,469,000	233	6,300	C / B
337	389	Putian	China	1,468,000	453	3,200	C / B
338	318	Virginia Beach-Norfolk	United States	1,463,000	1,334	1,100	A / A
339	366	Wuhu	China	1,456,000	161	9,100	C / B
340	330	Jamshedpur	India	1,443,000	109	13,300	A / B
341	321	Kharkiv	Ukraine	1,440,000	466	3,100	D / B
342	306	Palembang	Indonesia	1,434,000	220	6,500	C / B
343	370	Zhangzhou	China	1,410,000	350	4,000	C / B
344	339	Srinagar	India	1,409,000	127	11,100	A / B
345	331	Milwaukee	United States	1,408,000	1,414	1,000	A / A
346	375	Anyang	China	1,401,000	181	7,700	C / B
347	-	Jiangmen	China	1,399,000	350	4,000	C / B
348	296	Marseille	France	1,397,000	453	3,100	C / B
349	368	Gaziantep	Turkey	1,394,000	114	12,200	C / B
350	334	Ciudad Juárez	Mexico	1,391,000	324	4,300	D / B
351	349	Stuttgart	Germany	1,379,000	479	2,900	C / B
352	340	Hiroshima	Japan	1,377,000	285	4,800	C / B
353	344	Auckland	New Zealand	1,356,000	544	2,500	C / B
354	407	Kollam(Quilon)	India	1,351,000	181	7,500	A / B
355	370	Xining	China	1,345,000	189	7,100	C / B
356	397	Changshu	China	1,344,000	321	4,200	C / B
357	-	Manama	Bahrain	1,340,000	389	3,400	C / B
358	340	Jabalpur	India	1,339,000	91	14,800	A / B
359	348	Rosario	Argentina	1,338,000	233	5,700	C / B
360	381	Raipur	India	1,329,000	111	11,900	A / B
361	354	Torreón	Mexico	1,327,000	168	7,900	D / B
362	327	Fushun	China	1,324,000	130	10,200	C / B
362	360	Aurangabad	India	1,324,000	73	18,300	A / B
364	-	Surakarta	Indonesia	1,318,000	207	6,400	C / B
365	346	Asansol	India	1,315,000	65	20,300	A / B
365	361	Ahvaz	Iran	1,315,000	233	5,600	C / B
365	-	Zurich	Switzerland	1,315,000	2,103	625	[76]
367	353	Prague	Czech Republic	1,310,000	285	4,600	D / B
368	359	Xuzhou	China	1,301,000	233	5,600	C / B
369	343	Baoding	China	1,297,000	220	5,900	C / B
370	351	Allahabad	India	1,294,000	124	10,400	A / B
371	363	Guatemala City	Guatemala	1,289,000	298	4,300	C / B
372	338	Sendai	Japan	1,277,000	324	3,900	C / B
373	358	Nizhny Novgorod	Russia	1,275,532	411	3,105	C / B
374	346	Yerevan	Armenia	1,274,000	324	3,900	F / B
375	376	Jodhpur	India	1,266,000	83	15,300	A / B
376	362	Amritsar	India	1,264,000	98	12,800	A / B
377	382	Huambo	Angola	1,260,000	130	9,700	D / B
377	438	N'Djamena	Chad	1,260,000	166	7,600	D / B
379	357	Dhanbad	India	1,258,000	96	13,100	A / B
380	-	Wenling	China	1,250,000	117	10,700	C / B
381	393	Querétaro	Mexico	1,249,000	150	8,300	C / B
382	365	Copenhagen	Denmark	1,248,000	453	2,800	A / A
383	379	Ranchi	India	1,246,000	57	21,900	A / B
384	367	Qiqihar	China	1,241,000	130	9,600	C / B
385	-	Cochabamba	Bolivia	1,238,000	254	4,900	C / B
386	415	Ulan Bator	Mongolia	1,237,000	233	5,300	C / B
387	384	Durg-Bhilai	India	1,235,000	114	10,800	A / B
388	383	Medina	Saudi Arabia	1,233,000	350	3,500	C / B
389	418	Chifeng	China	1,230,000	85	14,400	E / B
390	-	Hama	Syria	1,230,000	52	23,700	D / B
391	369	Glasgow	United Kingdom	1,220,000	368	3,300	D / A
392	396	Kazan	Russia	1,216,965	614	1,915	D / B
393	355	Tainan	Taiwan	1,216,000	207	5,900	C / B
394	451	Port Elizabeth	South Africa	1,212,000	389	3,100	C / B
395	-	Weihai	China	1,208,000	109	11,100	C / B
396	387	Helsinki	Finland	1,208,000	641	1,900	A / A
396	388	Gwalior	India	1,208,000	57	21,200	A / B
398	428	Dongying	China	1,206,000	220	5,500	C / B
399	377	Providence	United States	1,201,000	1,412	900	A / A
400	378	Sofia	Bulgaria	1,195,000	207	5,800	D / B
401	405	Fes	Morocco	1,193,000	83	14,400	C / B
402	400	Chelyabinsk	Russia	1,192,036	530	2,379	D / B
403	436	Jiaxing	China	1,192,000	181	6,600	C / B
404	424	Konya	Turkey	1,190,000	130	9,200	D / B
405	404	Calgary[50]	Canada	1,095,404	704	1,556	A / A
406	451	Hamamatsu	Japan	1,187,000	259	4,600	C / B
407	440	Nantong	China	1,184,000	264	4,500	C / B
408	413	Xiangyang	China	1,183,000	135	8,800	C / B
409	409	Kathmandu	Nepal	1,180,000	60	19,600	D / B
409	411	Belgrade	Serbia	1,180,000	233	5,100	D / B
411	392	Vasai-Virar	India	1,179,000	91	13,000	A / B
412	391	Omsk	Russia	1,178,100	573	2,056	C / B
413	-	Tiruppur	India	1,177,000	104	11,400	A / B
414	-	Denpasar	Indonesia	1,175,000	179	6,600	C / B
415	-	Marrakesh	Morocco	1,173,000	80	14,600	C / B
416	275	Vitória	Brazil	1,172,000	337	3,500	C / B
417	342	São Luís	Brazil	1,171,000	427	2,700	C / B
418	385	Samara	Russia	1,170,910	382	2,162	D / B
419	304	San José	Costa Rica	1,170,000	337	3,500	D / B
420	394	Dublin	Ireland	1,160,000	453	2,600	D / B
420	408	Mandalay	Myanmar	1,160,000	85	13,600	D / B
422	395	Zhangjiakou	China	1,156,000	130	8,900	C / B
423	411	Jacksonville	United States	1,154,000	1,373	800	A / A
424	-	Kananga	Democratic Republic of the Congo	1,150,000	54	21,100	D / B
424	421	Erbil	Iraq	1,150,000	75	15,300	D / B
426	-	Cirebon	Indonesia	1,143,000	106	10,800	C / B
427	406	Huainan	China	1,142,000	109	10,500	C / B
427	-	Batam	Indonesia	1,142,000	207	5,500	C / B
429	403	Adelaide	Australia	1,140,000	852	1,300	A / A
430	435	Kota	India	1,138,000	62	18,300	A / B
431	438	San Luis Potosí	Mexico	1,137,000	132	8,600	D / B
432	399	Maracay	Venezuela	1,135,000	220	5,200	C / B
433	-	Rui'an	China	1,134,000	132	8,600	C / B
434	-	Lianyungang	China	1,128,000	155	7,300	C / B
435	402	Tbilisi	Georgia	1,125,000	194	5,800	D / B
436	422	Chandigarh	India	1,124,000	259	4,300	A / B
437	446	Ufa	Russia	1,121,429	708	1,561	C / B
438	429	Kigali	Rwanda	1,121,000	114	9,800	C / B
439	400	Tegucigalpa	Honduras	1,120,000	98	11,400	D / B
440	416	Rostov-on-Don	Russia	1,119,875	426	2,571	D / B
441	440	Huaibei	China	1,116,000	91	12,300	C / B
442	429	Mombasa	Kenya	1,116,000	85	13,100	D / B
443	-	Malang	Indonesia	1,114,000	246	4,500	D / B
444	429	Mérida	Mexico	1,111,000	207	5,400	D / B
445	386	Tripoli	Libya	1,110,000	194	5,700	D / B
446	-	Seville	Spain	1,107,000	272	4,100	C / B
447	420	Memphis	United States	1,102,000	1,287	900	A / A
448	-	Tengzhou	China	1,101,000	114	9,700	C / B
449	442	Qom	Iran	1,101,000	117	9,400	C / B
450	280	San Salvador	El Salvador	1,100,000	155	7,100	D / B
450	-	Pekanbaru	Indonesia	1,100,000	67	16,300	D / B
450	451	Monrovia	Liberia	1,100,000	194	5,700	D / B
450	-	Onitsha	Nigeria	1,100,000	148	7,500	D / B
450	-	Quetta	Pakistan	1,100,000	124	8,800	D / B
455	444	Bareilly	India	1,094,000	83	13,200	A / B
456	423	Bahawalpur	Pakistan	1,090,000	228	4,800	D / B
456	373	Niamey	Niger	1,090,000	130	8,400	C / B
458	419	Jiamusi	China	1,089,000	80	13,600	C / B
459	-	Raleigh	United States	1,085,000	1,342	800	A / A
460	425	Salt Lake City	United States	1,089,000	720	1,500	A / A
461	447	Nashville	United States	1,081,000	1,458	700	A / A
462	441	Hubballi	India	1,080,000	202	5,300	A / B
463	443	Mysore	India	1,078,000	91	11,900	A / B
464	434	Sialkot	Pakistan	1,074,000	104	10,400	C / B
465	-	Antalya	Turkey	1,070,000	181	5,900	D / B
466	-	Krasnoyarsk	Russia	1,067,861	354	3,017	C / B
467	336	Natal	Brazil	1,064,000	246	4,300	C / B
468	374	João Pessoa	Brazil	1,052,000	194	5,400	C / B
468	-	Fuzhou (Jiangxi)	China	1,052,000	67	15,600	C / B
470	-	Puning	China	1,043,000	179	5,800	C / B
471	-	Zhanjiang	China	1,042,000	83	12,600	C / B
472	-	Perm	Russia	1,041,884	800	1,303	C / B
473	-	Qinhuangdao	China	1,041,000	155	6,700	C / B
473	-	Zhucheng	China	1,041,000	145	7,200	C / B
475	-	Yichang	China	1,039,000	65	16,000	C / B
475	447	Guwahati	India	1,039,000	70	14,900	A / B
477	-	Voronezh	Russia	1,032,382	596	1,731	D / H
478	410	Naypyidaw	Myanmar	1,030,000	233	4,400	D / H
479	398	Bucaramanga	Colombia	1,029,000	60	17,300	C / B
480	436	Zaria	Nigeria	1,025,000	88	11,600	F / B
481	-	Louisville	United States	1,025,000	1,235	800	A / A
482	-	Huzhou	China	1,021,000	111	9,200	C / B
483	-	Aligarh	India	1,020,000	41	24,600	A / B
483	-	Aguascalientes	Mexico	1,020,000	106	9,600	D / B
483	289	Kaduna	Nigeria	1,020,000	153	6,700	D / B
486	-	Dammam	Saudi Arabia	1,019,000	971	1,000	C / B
487	432	Lille	France	1,018,000	280	3,600	C / B
487	-	Mexicali	Mexico	1,018,000	202	5,000	D / B
487	-	Richmond	United States	1,018,000	1,274	800	A / A
490	-	Volgograd	Russia	1,016,137	859	1,182	A / A
491	449	Odessa	Ukraine	1,010,000	207	4,900	D / B
492	-	Antwerp	Belgium	1,008,000	635	1,600	C / B
493	-	Xiangtan	China	1,007,000	130	7,800	C / B
493	-	Zhuzhou	China	1,007,000	155	6,500	C / B
493	-	Naha	Japan	1,007,000	285	3,500	C / B
496	-	Moradabad	India	1,004,000	52	19,400	A / B
497	379	Khulna	Bangladesh	1,000,000	70	14,300	C / B
497	-	Kisangani	Democratic Republic of the Congo	1,000,000	57	17,600	D / B
497	-	Basra	Iraq	1,000,000	158	6,300	D / B
497	-	Sulaymaniyah	Iraq	1,000,000	62	16,100	D / B
497	-	Freetown	Sierra Leone	1,000,000	91	11,000	D / B

Number of urban areas by country in 2016

Country	Urban areas over 500,000[1]	Urban areas over 1,000,000[1]	Urban areas over 2,000,000[1]	Urban areas over 5,000,000[1]
World	1,009	498	237	75
China	224	101	49	17
India	107	59	23	9
United States	78	43	24	9
Russia	38	13	2	2
Brazil	36	18	12	2
Mexico	30	13	4	1
Nigeria	24	11	4	2
Indonesia	23	14	4	2
Japan	22	9	5	3
Iran	16	7	3	1
Pakistan	15	9	6	2
Germany	15	7	5	1
Turkey	15	7	3	1
United Kingdom	14	5	3	1
South Korea	11	5	3	1
Saudi Arabia	11	5	2	1
Italy	11	4	3	1
Spain	11	4	2	1
France	11	4	1	1
Colombia	10	6	3	1
Democratic Republic of the Congo	10	5	3	1
Iraq	10	5	1	1
Philippines	9	4	3	1
Argentina	9	4	1	1
Canada	8	6	3	1
Morocco	8	4	1	0
Ukraine	8	3	1	0
South Africa	7	5	4	1
Syria	7	4	2	0
Venezuela	7	4	2	0
Poland	7	2	2	0
Australia	6	5	3	0
Bangladesh	6	3	2	1
Malaysia	6	3	1	1
Egypt	6	2	2	1
Taiwan	5	4	3	1
Vietnam	5	3	2	2
Israel	4	2	1	0
Angola	4	1	1	1
Peru	4	1	1	1
Thailand	4	1	1	1
Yemen	4	1	1	0
Kazakhstan	4	1	0	0
Bolivia	3	3	1	0
Ghana	3	2	2	0
Algeria	3	2	1	0
Belgium	3	2	1	0
Netherlands	3	2	1	0
United Arab Emirates	3	2	1	0
Uzbekistan	3	2	1	0
Chile	3	1	1	1
North Korea	3	1	1	0
Tanzania	3	1	1	0
Zambia	3	1	1	0
Libya	3	1	0	0
Switzerland	3	0	0	0
Cameroon	2	2	2	0
Ecuador	2	2	2	0
Myanmar	2	2	1	1
Kenya	2	2	1	0
Portugal	2	2	1	0
Honduras	2	2	0	0
Sudan	2	1	1	1
Afghanistan	2	1	1	0
Burkina Faso	2	1	1	0
Dominican Republic	2	1	1	0
Greece	2	1	1	0
Ivory Coast	2	1	1	0
Mozambique	2	1	1	0
Senegal	2	1	1	0
Somalia	2	1	1	0
Tunisia	2	1	1	0
Zimbabwe	2	1	1	0
Benin	2	1	0	0
Republic of the Congo	2	1	0	0
Sweden	2	1	0	0
Malawi	2	0	0	0
Singapore	1	1	1	1
Azerbaijan	1	1	1	0
Cuba	1	1	1	0
Ethiopia	1	1	1	0
Guatemala	1	1	1	0
Haiti	1	1	1	0
Hungary	1	1	1	0
Jordan	1	1	1	0
Kuwait	1	1	1	0
Lebanon	1	1	1	0
Madagascar	1	1	1	0
Mali	1	1	1	0
Nepal	1	1	1	0
Romania	1	1	1	0
Sri Lanka	1	1	1	0
Uganda	1	1	1	0
Armenia	1	1	0	0
Austria	1	1	0	0
Bahrain	1	1	0	0
Belarus	1	1	0	0
Bulgaria	1	1	0	0
Cambodia	1	1	0	0
Chad	1	1	0	0
Costa Rica	1	1	0	0
Czech Republic	1	1	0	0
Denmark	1	1	0	0
El Salvador	1	1	0	0
Finland	1	1	0	0
Georgia	1	1	0	0
Guinea	1	1	0	0
Ireland	1	1	0	0
Laos	1	1	0	0
Liberia	1	1	0	0
Mongolia	1	1	0	0
New Zealand	1	1	0	0
Niger	1	1	0	0
Qatar	1	1	0	0
Rwanda	1	1	0	0
Serbia	1	1	0	0
Sierra Leone	1	1	0	0
Togo	1	1	0	0
Uruguay	1	1	0	0
Albania	1	0	0	0
Central African Republic	1	0	0	0
Croatia	1	0	0	0
Djibouti	1	0	0	0
Eritrea	1	0	0	0
Gabon	1	0	0	0
Gambia	1	0	0	0
Jamaica	1	0	0	0
Kyrgyzstan	1	0	0	0
Latvia	1	0	0	0
Lithuania	1	0	0	0
Macedonia	1	0	0	0
Mauritania	1	0	0	0
Moldova	1	0	0	0
Nicaragua	1	0	0	0
Norway	1	0	0	0
Oman	1	0	0	0
Tajikistan	1	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	1	0	0	0
Turkmenistan	1	0	0	0

See also

• List of cities proper by population
• List of metropolitan areas by population
• List of urban agglomerations by population
• List of agglomerations by population
• List of cities by population
• List of largest cities throughout history
• List of countries by population
• List of population concern organizations

References and notes

1. Demographia (April 2016). Demographia World Urban Areas (PDF) (12th ed.). Retrieved November 17, 2016.
2. Includes large areas of Tokyo, Kanagawa, Chiba and Saitama prefectures and small areas of Gunma, Tochigi and Ibaraki prefectures. Excludes urban areas of Utsunomiya (500,000; 119 km²) and Mito (500,000; 246 km²).
3. Various international sources limit their population estimates to DKI Jakarta itself (the national capital district). However, the urbanization of Jakarta extends into the regencies of Tangerang, Bekasi, Bogor and Karawang and the separate cities of Bekasi, Depok and Bogor. Excludes urban areas of Karawang (650,000; 207 km²) and Serang (525,000; 65 km²).
4. Includes Faridabad, Ghaziabad, Noida, Gurgaon and Bahadurgarh. Excludes uran area of Meerut (1,489,000; 104 km²).
5. The population is higher than other agglomeration estimates (such as the United Nations), tend to be limited to Metro Manila, which is a province-level jurisdiction. The continuous urbanization of Manila extends outward into Bulacan, Cavite, Laguna, Rizal and Batangas provinces. The Demographia population estimate is a "build-up" of municipality population within the continuously developed area (urban area or agglomeration).
6. Demographia defines urban area of New York as a combination of New York–Newark, Bridgeport–Stamford, New Haven, Trenton, Danbury and Twin Rivers urbanized areas. New York and Philadelphia (same with Philadelphia urbanized area) are treated as separate urban areas. Urban areas of Hartford (925,000; 1,336 km²), Allentown–Bethlehem (665,000; 896 km²), Springfield (621,000; 904 km²), Harrisburg (446,000; 673 km²), Poughkeepsie (427,000; 847 km²), Lancaster (405,000; 642 km²), Reading (284,000; 269 km²), Atlantic City (250,000; 324 km²), York (235,000; 342 km²), Norwich–New London (209,000; 394 km²), Waterbury (195,000; 233 km²) and Pottstown (108,000; 205 km²) are also excluded.
7. Includes satellite cities in Gyeonggi Province such as Suwon, Goyang, Seongnam, Bucheon and Ansan which are treated as separate urban agglomerations by the United Nations. Excludes urban area of Cheonan (500,000; 57 km²) in Chungcheongnam-do.
8. Shanghai, Hangzhou, Nanjing, Suzhou, Wuxi, Ningbo, Changzhou, Shaoxing, and urban area of Zhangjiaggang-Jiangyin within the prefecture-level cities of Suzhou and Wuxi are treated as separate urban areas which constitute the Yangtze River Delta economic zone. Huai'an (1,856,000; 148 km²), Xuzhou (1,246,000; 233 km²), Nantong (1,036,000; 233 km²), Lianyungang (985,000; 155 km²), Zhenjiang (983,000; 168 km²), Yancheng (797,000; 207 km²), Huzhou (690,000; 111 km²), Taizhou (in Jiangsu Province; 300,000; 117 km²) and Suqian (220,000; 36 km²), as well as urban areas of Yangzhou (1,593,000; 233 km²) and Gaoyou (180,000; 39 km²) within the prefecture-level city of Yangzhou, urban areas of Kunshan (1,596,000; 492 km²), Changshu (1,139,000; 285 km²) and Taicang (523,000; 117 km²) within the prefecture-level city of Suzhou, urban areas of Cixi (1,200,000; 298 km²) and Yuyao (650,000; 122 km²) within the sub-provincial city of Ningbo, urban areas of Jiaxing (1,044,000; 259 km²) and Tongxiang (510,000; 52 km²) within the prefecture-level city of Jiaxing, urban areas of Wenling (510,000; 52 km²), Jiaojiang (375,000; 41 km²) and Huangyan (200,000; 34 km²) within the prefectrure-level city of Taizhou (in Zhejiang Province), urban areas of Zhuji (500,000; 117 km²) and Shangyu (400,000; 158 km²) within the prefecture-level city of Shaoxing, urban areas of Yiwu-Dongyang (925,000; 233 km²), Jinhua (520,000; 186 km²), Yongkang (500,000; 223 km²), Dongyang (260,000; 104 km²) and Lanxi (220,000; 34 km²) within the prefecture-level city of Jinhua, and urban area of Fuyang (450,000; 49 km²) within the sub-provincial city of Hangzhou are also excluded.
9. The population is lower than other estimates (such as the United Nations), which include metropolitan area population not within the continuously developed urban area.
10. Excludes urban areas of Baoding (1,283,000; 220 km²), Zhangjiakou (1,322,000; 220 km²) and Chengde (108,000; 23 km²).
11. Hong Kong in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Shenzhen are treated as separate urban areas because of the lack of freedom of labor movement without trade, immigration or customs barriers. Guangzhou–Foshan, Shenzhen, Dongguan and Zhongshan are also treated as separate urban areas which constitute the Pearl River Delta economic zone. While Guangzhou and Foshan are combined into a single urban area because they have become more economically integrated than the other urban areas, other areas in the Pearl River Delta economic region remain classified as separate urban areas. Thus, urban areas of Huizhou (1,387,000; 168 km²), Zhuhai (1,274,000; 246 km²) and Zhaoqing (500,000; 65 km²) as well as urban areas of Jiangmen (920,000; 259 km²) and Taishan (204,000; 44 km²) within the prefecture-level city of Jiangmen, urban area of Lishui (300,000; 44 km²) within the prefecture-level city of Foshan and urban are of Macau (560,000; 21 km²) in the Macau Special Administrative Region are excluded. Urban area of Guangzhou–Foshan includes Shunde within the prefecture-level city of Foshan, which has been excluded in the 2011 edition. Urban area of Shenzhen includes Huiyang within the prefecture-level city of Huizhou, which has been excluded in the 2010 edition. Urban area of Huizhou includes only Huicheng District. The Demographia estimate for Dongguan is lower than last year, because local estimates previously used were higher than reported in the 2010 census.
12. Includes Francisco Morato. Excludes urban area of Santos (1,716,000; 207 km²).
13. Excludes urban areas of Toluca (1,747,000; 220 km²) and Cuernavaca (675,000; 171 km²).
14. Mumbai and Kalyan are treated as separate urban areas, although the census of India classifies Kalyan within the Mumbai agglomeration. Kalyan is excluded by Demographia because of the lack of continuous urbanization with Mumbai. Urban area of Mumbai includes Panvel and Navi Mumbai, but excludes urban area of Vasai–Virar (1,147,000; 91 km²) and Bhiwandi (737,000; 52 km²), which have been included in the 2011 edition. A large part of the municipality of Mumbai is rural, composed of the Sanjay Gandhi National Park and thus not included in the urban area.
15. Includes Nara and Himeji. United Nations estimates separate Osaka–Kobe and Kyoto and exclude both Nara and Himeji. Excludes urban area of Ōtsu (775,000; 303 km²) and Wakayama (430,000; 91 km²).
16. The population estimate is suspect, due to the lack of readily available data for local areas outside the city jurisdiction (Moscow Oblast). Demographia is indebted to Richard Forstall, who has provided local authority area population data for portions of Moscow Oblast within the Moscow urban areas. Other estimates (such as the United Nations estimate) include only the municipality of Moscow, which includes only part of the urban footprint. Includes Elektrostal–Noginsk within Moscow Oblast, which has been excluded in the 2011 edition.
17. Includes urban area of Narayanganj which has been excluded in the 2011 edition.
18. Combination of Los Angeles–Long Beach–Santa Ana, Riverside–San Bernardino and Mission Viejo urbanized areas. Excludes urban areas of Temecula–Murrieta (472,000; 420 km²), Indio–Palm Springs (370,000; 373 km²), Oxnard (369,000; 218 km²), Lancaster–Palmdale (358,000; 300 km²), Victorville–Hesperia–Apple Valley (350,000; 433 km²), Santa Clarita (272,000; 199 km²), Thousand Oaks (216,000; 223 km²), Santa Barbara (196,000; 145 km²), Hemet (163,000; 127 km²) and Simi Valley (126,000; 80 km²).
19. Excludes urban area of La Plata (675,000; 228 km²) which has been included in the 2007 edition.
20. Includes Eslamshahr and Karaj which has been excluded in the 2012 edition.
21. Excludes urban area of Brazzaville (1,685,000; 181 km²) in the Republic of the Congo.
22. Tianjin and Tangshan are treated as separate urban areas. Urban areas of Cangzhou (500,000; 130 km²) and Langfang (465,000; 130 km²) as well as urban area of Qian'an (400,000; 168 km²) within the prefecture-level city of Tangshan are also excluded. The population of the urban area of Tianjin is lower than other estimates (such as the United Nations), which include metropolitan area population not within the continuously developed urban area. The Demographia population estimate is a "build-up" of sub-municipality population within the continuously developed area (urban area or agglomeration).
23. Greater London urban area. Excludes urban areas of Reading (318,000; 84 km²), Southend-on-Sea (295,000; 72 km²), Aldershot (252,000; 79 km²), Luton (258,000; 51 km²), Medway (244,000; 52 km²), Crawley (181,000; 58 km²), Slough (164,000; 34 km²), Basildon (145,000; 37 km²), High Wycombe (133,000; 39 km²), Chelmsford (112,000; 26 km²) and Maidstone (108,000; 25 km²).
24. Includes Toyohashi.
25. Combination of Chicago, Kenosha and Round Lake Beach–McHenry–Grayslake urbanized areas. Excludes urban areas of Milwaukee (1,388,000; 1,414 km²), Rockford (301,000; 396 km²), South Bend (278,000; 417 km²), Elkhart (144,000; 238 km²) and Racine (134,000; 127 km).
26. Johannesburg–East Rand and Pretoria are treated as separate urban areas which constitute the Vaal Triangle. Urban area of Vereeninging (Emfuleni) (650,000; 337 km²) is also excluded.
27. The population is higher than other estimates (such as the United Nations), which do not include all population within the continuously developed urban area (especially in New Taipei City). Includes Taoyuan and Jhongli (Chungli) which have been excluded in the 2010 edition. Excludes urban area of Hsinchu (650,000; 117 km²).
28. Excludes urban area of Wanzhou (Wanxian) (500,000; 41 km²) within the municipality of Chongqing. The direct-controlled municipality of Chongqing, which is sometimes translated as the direct-controlled city of Chongqing, has the largest population of any organism called a city in the stretches far beyond any reasonable definition of a metropolitan area.
29. The population is higher than other agglomeration estimates (such as the United Nations), which does not include all of the continuously developed urban area in the state of Selangor. Continuous urbanization extends well beyond the municipality of Kuala Lumpur, for example to Port Klang and the area represents a single labor market (metropolitan area). The Demographia population estimate is a "build-up" of municipality population within the continuously developed area (urban area or agglomeration). Excludes urban area of Seremban (500,000; 155 km²).
30. Includes Shishi and Jinjiang within the prefecture-level city of Quanzhou.
31. Essen–Düsseldorf and Cologne–Bonn are treated as separate urban areas which constitute the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan area. Excludes urban area of Aachen–Vaals (585,000; 401 km²) in both Germany and the Netherlands.
32. Excludes urban area of Valparaíso–Viña del Mar (875,000; 161 km²).
33. Combination of Dallas–Fort Worth–Arlington, Denton–Lewisville and McKinney urbanized areas.
34. Excludes urban areas of Fushun (1,412,000; 130 km²) and Tieling (325,000; 65 km²).
35. Includes Xianyang which has been excluded in the 2010 edition.
36. Combination of San Francisco–Oakland, San Jose, Concord, Vallejo and Livermore urbanized areas. Excludes urban areas of Santa Rosa (308,000; 254 km²), Antioch (278,000; 210 km²), Salinas (185,000; 127 km²), Santa Cruz (164,000; 150 km²), Fairfield (134,000; 101 km²) and Seaside–Monterey–Marina (114,000; 101 km²).
37. Combination of Houston and Conroe urbanized areas. Excludes urban area of Texas City (106,000; 197 km²).
38. Miami urbanized area. Includes former urban areas of Fort Lauderdale and West Palm Beach, which were combined by the US Census Bureau into Miami in 2000.
39. Excludes urban area of Johor Bahru (1,640,000; 712 km²) in Malaysia and urban area of Batam (900,000; 218 km²) in Indonesia.
40. The population is higher than other agglomeration estimates (such as the United Nations), which does not include all of the continuously developed urban area, which stretches into Como, Lecco and Varese provinces. Excludes Bergamo which has been included in the 2007 edition (4,950,000; 3,043 km² in total).
41. Includes communities under the authority of the Town Council.
42. Atlanta urbanized area. Excludes urban areas of Gainesville (131,000; 326 km²) and Athens (129,000; 254 km²).
43. The US Census Bureau combines Washington and Baltimore into a single metropolitan area (consolidated area) but Demographia considers the two (same with Washington, DC and Baltimore urbanized areas) as separate urban areas. Urban areas of Aberdeen–Havre de Grace (214,000; 339 km²), Hagerstown (183,000; 344 km²), Frederick (142,000; 189 km²), Fredericksburg (141,000; 202 km²) and Waldorf (110,000; 176 km²) are also excluded.
44. Excludes urban areas of Acheng (300,000; 39 km²) and Shangzhi (250,000; 18 km²) within the sub-provincial city of Harbin.
45. Excludes urban areas of Newcastle (371,000; 870 km²), Central Coast (333,000; 1680 km²) and Wollongong (300,000; 795 km²). Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics (series 3218.0) for 2014-15. Number is lower than the ABS's 4.92 million for Greater Sydney as they include Central Coast's 333,000 population.
46. Excludes urban area of Geelong (144,000; 115 km²). June 2015 population, sourced from Australian Bureau of Statistics.
47. Combination of Boston and Nashua urbanized areas. Excludes urban areas of Providence (1,187,000; 1,412 km²), Worcester (489,000; 787 km²), Barnstable (247,000; 717 km²), Manchester (159,000; 223 km²), New Bedford (149,000; 142 km²) and Leominster–Fitchburg (117,000; 168 km²).
48. Excludes urban area of Zhangzhou (1,200,000; 350 km²).
49. Combination of Phoenix–Mesa, Avondale and Sierra Vista urbanized area.
50. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/hlt-fst/pd-pl/Table-Tableau.cfm?LANG=Eng&T=801&PR=0&RPP=9999&SR=1&S=3&O=D
51. Includes Sharjah.
52. Excludes the State of the Vatican City.
53. Excludes urban areas of Ulsan (1,087,000; 104 km²) and Changwon (1,000,000; 104 km²).
54. Includes Yuci District in Jinzhong which has been excluded in the 2012 edition.
55. Detroit urbanized area. Excludes urban areas of Toledo (508,000; 622 km²), Flint (355,000; 611 km²), Ann Arbor (308,000; 414 km²) and South Lyon (120,000; 267 km²) in the United States as well as urban area of Windsor (276,000; 176 km²) in Canada .
56. Seattle urbanized area. Excludes urban areas of Bremerton (199,000; 352 km²), Olympia (180,000; 275 km²) and Marysville (145,000; 212 km²).
57. Excludes urban area of Feira de Santana (525,000; 78 km²).
58. Excludes urban areas of Ruian (965,000; 132 km²) and Cangnan (700,000; 65 km²) within the prefecture-level city of Wenzhou.
59. San Diego urbanized area. Excludes urban area of Tijuana (1,827,000; 466 km²) in Mexico.
60. Minneapolis–St. Paul urbanized area.
61. Excludes urban area of Sumqayit (275,000; 91 km²).
62. Excludes urban areas of Amsterdam (1,050,000; 414 km²), Haarlem (450,000; 142 km²) and Utrecht (400,000; 109 km²) which constitute the Randstad metropolitan region.
63. Greater Manchester urban area. Excludes urban areas of Liverpool (864,000; 200 km²), Birkenhead (325,000; 88 km²), Preston (313,000; 82 km²), Blackpool (239,000; 61 km²), Wigan (175,000; 44 km²), Warrington (165,000; 45 km²), Burnley (149,000; 36 km²), Blackburn (147,000; 36 km²) and Accrington/Rossendale (125,000; 30 km²).
64. Tampa–St. Petersburg urbanized area. Excludes urban areas of Sarasota–Bradenton (654,000; 847 km²), Lakeland (269,000; 378 km²), Winter Haven (201,000; 347 km²) and Spring Hill (149,000; 251 km²).
65. Includes Matola.
66. Denver–Aurora urbanized area. Excludes urban areas of Fort Collins (268,000; 285 km²), Greeley (121,000; 106 km²) and Boulder (116,000; 83 km²).
67. Excludes urban area of Luziânia–Gama (525,000; 259 km²).
68. Fukuoka and Kitakyūshū are treated as separate urban areas. Some sources combine Fukuoka with Kitakyūshū (such as the United Nations), which is not a part of the continuous urbanization of Fukuoka. The Demographia population estimate is a "build-up" of municipality population within the continuously developed area (urban area or agglomeration).
69. West Midlands urban area. Excludes urban area of Coventry (359,000; 81f km²)
70. Includes Az-Zarqa.
71. Shantou and Chaoyang–Chaonan within the prefecture-level city of Shantou are treated as separate urban areas. Likewise, urban area of Chaozhou (350,000; 85 km²) as well as urban areas of Puning (910,000; 179 km²) and Jieyang (660,000; 194 km²) within the prefecture-level city of Jieyang are excluded.
72. Excludes urban area of Ujjain (500,000; 41 km²).
73. Includes towns in neighbouring Kedah such as Sungai Petani, Kulim and Bandar Baharu. Population figures obtained from the Malaysian National Census in 2010.
74. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/hlt-fst/pd-pl/Table-Tableau.cfm?LANG=Eng&T=801&PR=0&RPP=9999&SR=1&S=3&O=D.
75. St. Louis urbanized area.
76. http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/en/index/themen/01/02/blank/key/raeumliche_verteilung/agglomerationen.html

External links

• UN Demographic Yearbook
  • UN World Urbanization Prospects (2007 revision)
  • UN World Urbanization Prospects (2005 revision)
• e-Geopolis project Research Group, University Paris-Diderot
• Demographia
• Th. Brinkhoff: The Principal Agglomerations of the World
• Institut National de la Statistique et des Études Économiques
  • insee.fr - Geopolis study of urban areas
• Gridded Population of the World