List of power stations in Sri Lanka

Bar chart showing the installed capacities and actual electricity production by source, from year 2000 to 2014.
The installed electrical capacity and production of Sri Lanka by sources, from 2000 to 2014. Over 50% of the capacity was met via hydropower in 2000–2010.

Sri Lanka's electricity demand is currently met by nine thermal power stations, fifteen large hydroelectric power stations, and fifteen wind farms, with a smaller share from small hydro facilities and other renewables such as solar. Most hydroelectric and thermal/fossil fuel–based power stations in the country are owned and/or operated by the government via the state-run Ceylon Electricity Board (CEB), while the renewable energy sector consists mostly of privately run plants operating with a power purchase agreement with the CEB.[1]

Per CEB's 2014 generation report, the country had a total combined installed generation capacity of 3,932 megawatts (MW), of which 2,115 MW (53.8%) was from thermal (900 MW/22.9% from coal and 1,215 MW/30.9% from fuel oil), 1,665 MW (42.3%) from hydroelectricity, and the remaining 152 MW (3.9%) from other renewable sources such as small hydro, wind, biomass, and solar. These generation sources produced a total of 12,357 GWh of electricity during that year, of which 7,508 GWh (60.8%), 4,534 GWh (36.7%), and 315 GWh (2.5%) was from thermal, hydro, and other renewables, respectively.[1]

Non-renewable

As of 2015, 1,464 MW of the total thermal installed capacity was from state-owned fossil fuel power stations: 900 MW from Lakvijaya, 380 MW from the state-owned portion of Kelanitissa, 160 MW from Sapugaskanda, and 24 MW from Uthuru Janani. An additional 500 MW will be added to the total state-owned capacity after the late 2017 completion of the Sampur Power Station, which is being built with provisions to add a further 500 MW in the future. The remaining 641 MW of the installed thermal capacity are from six privately owned power stations. All thermal power stations run on fuel oil, except Lakvijaya and Sampur, which run on coal.[2][3]

In an attempt to lower the current consumer tariff for electricity, the government has decided not to renew the power purchase agreements of privately owned thermal power stations when their licences expire, as it has done with the six now-decommissioned private power producers listed below.[4] The government will utilize the new Sampur plant combined with new renewable sources to accommodate the lost private-sector capacity, with plans to introduce nuclear power after 2030.[5]

The Ministry of Power and Renewable Energy also made a statement that no more coal-fired power stations will be commissioned after Sampur, making it and Lakvijaya the only two coal power stations in the country. Any future thermal power stations will also be natural gas–run, to reduce the nation's carbon footprint.[6]

Coal-fired power stations in Sri Lanka
Station Owner Location Closest city Capacity (MW) Status Ref
Lakvijaya Government 08°01′06″N 79°43′22″E / 8.01833°N 79.72278°E / 8.01833; 79.72278 (Lakvijaya Power Station) Puttalam 900 Operational [2][3]
Sampur Government 08°29′10″N 81°18′00″E / 8.48611°N 81.30000°E / 8.48611; 81.30000 (Sampur Power Station) Trincomalee 500 Under construction [7]
Oil-fired power stations in Sri Lanka
Station Owner Location Closest city Capacity (MW) Status Ref
Kelanitissa complex Mixed[note 1] 06°57′08″N 79°52′44″E / 6.95222°N 79.87889°E / 6.95222; 79.87889 (Kelanitissa Power Station) Colombo 550 Operational [2][3]
Yugadanavi Private 07°00′40″N 79°52′30″E / 7.01111°N 79.87500°E / 7.01111; 79.87500 (Yugadanavi Power Station) Kerawalapitiya 300 Operational [3][8][9]
Sapugaskanda Government 06°57′39″N 79°57′40″E / 6.96083°N 79.96111°E / 6.96083; 79.96111 (Sapugaskanda Power Station) Sapugaskanda 160 Operational [2][3]
Embilipitiya Private 06°17′06″N 80°50′56″E / 6.28500°N 80.84889°E / 6.28500; 80.84889 (Embilipitiya Power Station) Embilipitiya 100 Decommissioned [4]
Heladhanavi Private 08°00′46″N 79°52′13″E / 8.01278°N 79.87028°E / 8.01278; 79.87028 (Heladhanavi Power Station) Puttalam 100 Decommissioned [4]
Colombo Port Private 06°57′12″N 79°51′21″E / 6.95333°N 79.85583°E / 6.95333; 79.85583 (Colombo Port Power Station) Colombo 60 Operational [3][10]
Asia Power Sapugaskanda Private 06°57′22″N 79°56′54″E / 6.95611°N 79.94833°E / 6.95611; 79.94833 (Asia Power Sapugaskanda Power Station) Sapugaskanda 51 Operational [3]
Northern Power Private 09°44′19″N 80°02′04″E / 9.73861°N 80.03444°E / 9.73861; 80.03444 (Northern Power Station) Chunnakam 36 Operational [3]
Ace Horana Private 06°43′57″N 80°08′17″E / 6.73250°N 80.13806°E / 6.73250; 80.13806 (Ace Horana Power Station) Horana 25 Decommissioned [11]
Ace Matara Private 05°59′07″N 80°33′49″E / 5.98528°N 80.56361°E / 5.98528; 80.56361 (Ace Matara Power Station) Matara 25 Decommissioned [4][11]
Lakdhanavi Private 06°57′28″N 79°57′03″E / 6.95778°N 79.95083°E / 6.95778; 79.95083 (Lakdhanavi Power Station) Sapugaskanda 24 Operational [3]
Uthuru Janani Government 09°44′27″N 80°02′00″E / 9.74083°N 80.03333°E / 9.74083; 80.03333 (Uthuru Janani Power Station) Chunnakam 24 Operational [3]
Aggreko Private 09°44′25″N 80°02′06″E / 9.74028°N 80.03500°E / 9.74028; 80.03500 (Aggreko Power Station) Chunnakam 20 Decommissioned [3]
Koolair Private 09°48′40″N 80°02′07″E / 9.81111°N 80.03528°E / 9.81111; 80.03528 (Koolair Power Station) Kankesanthurai 20 Decommissioned [3]
Chunnakam Government 09°44′30″N 80°02′03″E / 9.74167°N 80.03417°E / 9.74167; 80.03417 (Chunnakam Power Station) Chunnakam 14 Decommissioned [3]
  1. ↑ The power station complex consists of a privately-owned facility and a government-owned facility, within the same premises.

Renewable

Hydroelectric

Hydroelectricity has played a very significant role in the national installed power capacity since it was introduced in the 1950s, with over 50% of the total grid capacity met by hydroelectricity in 2000–2010. Hydroelectricity was popularized as early as the 1920s by Devapura Jayasena Wimalasurendra, who is considered as the "Father of Hydropower" in Sri Lanka. It lost its majority share on the power grid when further thermal power stations were introduced in 2010. The hydropower resource in Sri Lanka is divided into three main regions based on water resource, namely the Mahaweli Complex, Laxapana Complex, and Samanala Complex.[12][13]

While most hydroelectric power stations are named after their water source (i.e. the name of the dam and/or reservoir), a number of facilities have different names due to the fact that they are located larger distances apart (connected via underground penstocks). Further information on each power station is included in the corresponding water source article (i.e. dam). Privately owned "small-hydro" facilities (which are limited to a maximum nameplate capacity of 10 MW by state policy),[14] are excluded from this list.

Hydroelectric power stations in Sri Lanka
Water
source		 Station Region Capacity
(MW)		 Location Commissioned Status Ref
Victoria Victoria Mahaweli 210 07°12′00″N 80°48′21″E / 7.20000°N 80.80583°E / 7.20000; 80.80583 (Victoria Power Station) October 1984 Operational [2][3][15]
Kotmale Kotmale Mahaweli 201 07°07′41″N 80°34′42″E / 7.12806°N 80.57833°E / 7.12806; 80.57833 (Kotmale Power Station) April 1985 Operational [2][3]
Upper Kotmale Upper Kotmale Mahaweli 150 07°02′32″N 80°39′24″E / 7.04222°N 80.65667°E / 7.04222; 80.65667 (Upper Kotmale Power Station) July 2012 Operational [2][3][16]
Randenigala Randenigala Mahaweli 126 07°12′08″N 80°55′35″E / 7.20222°N 80.92639°E / 7.20222; 80.92639 (Randenigala Power Station) July 1986 Operational [2][3]
Samanala Samanala Samanala 124 06°35′03″N 80°48′29″E / 6.58417°N 80.80806°E / 6.58417; 80.80806 (Samanala Hydropower Station) October 1992 Operational [2][3]
Canyon New Laxapana Laxapana 100 06°55′05″N 80°29′31″E / 6.91806°N 80.49194°E / 6.91806; 80.49194 (New Laxapana Power Station) March 1983 Operational [2][3]
Kukule Ganga Kukule Ganga Samanala 80 06°37′00″N 80°16′33″E / 6.61667°N 80.27583°E / 6.61667; 80.27583 (Kukule Ganga Power Station) July 2003 Operational [2][3]
Laxapana Polpitiya Laxapana 75 06°58′40″N 80°27′24″E / 6.97778°N 80.45667°E / 6.97778; 80.45667 (Polpitiya Power Station) February 1974 Operational [2][3]
Maskeliya Canyon Laxapana 60 06°52′09″N 80°31′40″E / 6.86917°N 80.52778°E / 6.86917; 80.52778 (Canyon Power Station) March 1983 Operational [2][3]
Rantembe Rantembe Mahaweli 52 07°12′00″N 80°57′00″E / 7.20000°N 80.95000°E / 7.20000; 80.95000 (Rantembe Dam and Power Station) January 1990 Operational [2][3][17]
Castlereigh Wimalasurendra Laxapana 50 06°54′31″N 80°31′30″E / 6.90861°N 80.52500°E / 6.90861; 80.52500 (Wimalasurendra Power Station) January 1965 Operational [2][3]
Norton Old Laxapana Laxapana 50 06°55′07″N 80°29′30″E / 6.91861°N 80.49167°E / 6.91861; 80.49167 (Old Laxapana Power Station) December 1950 Operational [2][3]
Bowatenna Bowatenna Mahaweli 40 07°39′51″N 80°40′38″E / 7.66417°N 80.67722°E / 7.66417; 80.67722 (Bowatenna Power Station) January 1981 Operational [2][3]
Polgolla Ukuwela Mahaweli 40 07°23′56″N 80°39′08″E / 7.39889°N 80.65222°E / 7.39889; 80.65222 (Ukuwela Power Station) July 1976 Operational [2][3]
Broadlands Broadlands Laxapana 35 (not yet available) 2017 Under const. [18]
Moragahakanda Moragahakanda Mahaweli 25 (not yet available) July 2016 Under const. [19]
Gal Oya Inginiyagala Samanala 11 07°39′50″N 80°40′39″E / 7.66389°N 80.67750°E / 7.66389; 80.67750 (Inginiyagala Power Station) 1951 Operational [2][3]
Udawalawe Udawalawe Samanala 6 06°25′55″N 80°51′02″E / 6.43194°N 80.85056°E / 6.43194; 80.85056 (Udawalawe Power Station) April 1969 Operational [2][3]
Nilambe Nilambe Mahaweli 3.2 07°11′48″N 80°36′44″E / 7.19667°N 80.61222°E / 7.19667; 80.61222 (Nilambe Power Station) July 1988 Operational [2][3]
Deduru Oya Deduru Oya Other 1.5 07°43′06″N 80°16′28″E / 7.71833°N 80.27444°E / 7.71833; 80.27444 (Deduru Oya Power Station) November 2014 Operational [20]

Solar power

Solar power is a relatively young segment in the energy industry of Sri Lanka. As of 2015, only two grid-connected solar farms were operational, one state-run and the other run by a private company, both of which had an installed capacity of less than 2 MW. Despite at least half a dozen private companies applying for development permits for photovoltaic and solar thermal projects,[21] none have actually commenced construction.

Solar farms in Sri Lanka
Solar farm Ownership Location Capacity (MW) Status Ref
Hambantota Government 06°13′34″N 81°04′35″E / 6.22611°N 81.07639°E / 6.22611; 81.07639 (Hambantota Solar Power Station) 1.237 Operational [21][22]
Thirappane Ulagalla Walawwa Resort P L 08°12′20″N 80°32′38″E / 8.20556°N 80.54389°E / 8.20556; 80.54389 (Thirappane Solar Power Station) 0.123 Operational [21]

Wind power

Sri Lanka's wind power sector saw activity as early as 1988, when studies were conducted to build a pilot wind project in the Southern Province. More than a decade later, the state-owned 3 MW Hambantota Wind Farm was commissioned. The industry stayed dormant till 2003, when the National Renewable Energy Laboratory conducted further wind power studies in the island, before which the industry went into dormancy for a further seven years.[23]

Unlike the other industries, Sri Lanka's wind energy industry witnessed a sudden boom in 2010, with the commissioning of the Mampuri Wind Farms, the first private-sector wind project in the country's history.[24][25] It then suddenly crashed over the following four years after numerous scandals and hidden political dealings surfaced, involving key governing bodies such as the Sustainable Energy Authority and Ceylon Electricity Board, along with a number of senior individuals.[26]

The last privately owned first-come, first-served style wind farm projects, the Pollupalai and Vallimunai Wind Farms, were completed in late 2014, by when the construction of new privately owned wind farms were suspended until further notice by presidential order.[26] The largest private-sector beneficiaries of the "wind power boom" are Windforce and Senok, which currently own seven and three separate wind farms respectively, of the total of 14 privately owned wind farms in operation as at 2015.[27] The other companies in the market include the semi-private LTL Holdings, Aitken Spence, and Willwind, which are currently operating four wind farms in total.[21]

Wind farms in Sri Lanka
Farm Owner Operator Location Capacity (MW) Status Ref
Ambewela Aitken Spence Aitken Spence Ace Wind Power 06°50′36″N 80°48′47″E / 6.84333°N 80.81306°E / 6.84333; 80.81306 (Ambewela Aitken Spence Wind Farm) 3 Operational [21][28]
Hambantota CEB CEB 06°08′46″N 81°06′47″E / 6.14611°N 81.11306°E / 6.14611; 81.11306 (Hambantota Wind Farm) 3 Operational [29]
Madurankuliya Windforce Daily Life Renewable Energy 08°00′46″N 79°43′37″E / 8.01278°N 79.72694°E / 8.01278; 79.72694 (Madurankuliya Wind Farm) 12 Operational [21]
Mampuri-I Senok Senok Wind Power 08°00′37″N 79°43′24″E / 8.01028°N 79.72333°E / 8.01028; 79.72333 (Mampuri Wind Farm I) 10 Operational [21][30]
Mampuri-II Senok Senok Wind Energy 07°58′35″N 79°43′53″E / 7.97639°N 79.73139°E / 7.97639; 79.73139 (Mampuri Wind Farm II) 10.5 Operational [21][30]
Mampuri-III Senok Senok Wind Resource 08°00′35″N 79°43′44″E / 8.00972°N 79.72889°E / 8.00972; 79.72889 (Mampuri Wind Farm III) 10.5 Operational [21][30]
Mannar Island CEB CEB 09°03′01″N 79°47′13″E / 9.05028°N 79.78694°E / 9.05028; 79.78694 (Mannar Island Wind Farm) 100 Proposed [31]
Nala Danavi LTL Holdings Nala Danavi 08°05′23″N 79°42′33″E / 8.08972°N 79.70917°E / 8.08972; 79.70917 (Nala Danavi Wind Farm) 4.8 Operational [21][32][33]
Nirmalapura Windforce Nirmalapura Wind Power 07°57′53″N 79°44′07″E / 7.96472°N 79.73528°E / 7.96472; 79.73528 (Nirmalapura Wind Farm) 10.5 Operational [21][34]
Pawan Danavi LTL Holdings Pawan Danavi 08°02′56″N 79°43′08″E / 8.04889°N 79.71889°E / 8.04889; 79.71889 (Pawan Danavi Wind Farm) 10.2 Operational [21]
Pollupalai Windforce Joule Power 09°34′40″N 80°19′12″E / 9.57778°N 80.32000°E / 9.57778; 80.32000 (Joule Wind Farm) 12 Operational [21][35]
Seguwantivu Windforce Seguwantivu Wind Power 08°02′48″N 79°48′54″E / 8.04667°N 79.81500°E / 8.04667; 79.81500 (Seguwantivu Wind Farm) 9.6 Operational [21][36]
Uppudaluwa Windforce PowerGen Lanka 07°58′52″N 79°46′33″E / 7.98111°N 79.77583°E / 7.98111; 79.77583 (Uppudaluwa Wind Farm) 10.5 Operational [21][37]
Vallimunai Windforce Beta Power 09°33′54″N 80°20′12″E / 9.56500°N 80.33667°E / 9.56500; 80.33667 (Beta Wind Farm) 12 Operational [21][38]
Vidatamunai Windforce Vidatamunai Wind Power 08°04′00″N 79°47′38″E / 8.06667°N 79.79389°E / 8.06667; 79.79389 (Vidatamunai Wind Farm) 10.4 Operational [21][36]
Willwind Willwind Willwind 06°36′40″N 80°44′44″E / 6.61111°N 80.74556°E / 6.61111; 80.74556 (Willwind Wind Farm) 0.85 Operational [21]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "CEB Statistical Report 2014". Ceylon Electricity Board. 2014. p. 3. Retrieved 21 November 2015.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 "Generation Details". Ceylon Electricity Board. Retrieved 21 November 2015.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 "Generation Plants". Ministry of Power and Renewable Energy. Retrieved 21 November 2015.
  4. 1 2 3 4 "We decided to close down three thermal power generation plants that supplied electricity to the Ceylon Electricity Board". Ministry of Power and Renewable Energy. 15 May 2015. Retrieved 7 November 2015.
  5. ↑ "CEB includes nuclear power in generation plan". Lanka Business Online. 14 September 2015. Retrieved 21 November 2015.
  6. ↑ "Sri Lanka to reduce its carbon foot print in energy production by switching to gas". Lanka Business Online. 11 June 2015. Retrieved 21 November 2015.
  7. ↑ "Sampoor Coal Power Plant (2×250 MW)". Ministry of Power and Renewable Energy. Retrieved 12 January 2015.
  8. ↑ Mathes, Rohan (9 December 2008). "Kerawalapitiya power plant commissioned". Lanka Daily News. Retrieved 8 August 2010.
  9. ↑ Patel, Sonal. "Sri Lanka commissions major Thermal Power Plant" (2 January 2009). Powermag.com. Retrieved 8 August 2010.
  10. ↑ "O&M of a 60 MW barge-mounted diesel power plant". Burmeister and Wain Scandinavian Contractor. Retrieved 9 March 2014.
  11. 1 2 "Aitken Spence puts two thermal power plants up for sale". The Daily Mirror. 8 July 2013. Retrieved 10 November 2015.
  12. ↑ "Wimalasurendra and Sri Lanka's hydro power". The Sunday Times. 17 August 2008. Retrieved 17 January 2016.
  13. ↑ "Appreciation: Eng. D. J. Wimalasurendra". Daily News. Sri Lanka. 15 September 2005. Retrieved 17 January 2016.
  14. ↑ A guide to the Project Approval Process for on-grid Renewable Energy Project development (PDF) (2.0 ed.). Sri Lanka Sustainable Energy Authority. July 2011. p. 10. Retrieved 17 May 2016.
  15. 1 2 "Victoria Dam". Mahaweli Hydropower Complex. Retrieved 21 November 2015.
  16. 1 2 "Upper Kotmale Hydropower Project". Ceylon Electricity Board. Retrieved 8 August 2010.
  17. 1 2 "Rantembe Dam". Mahaweli Hydropower Complex. Retrieved 17 May 2016.
  18. ↑ "About the Broadlands Hydropower Project". Ceylon Electricity Board. Retrieved 2 October 2013.
  19. ↑ Sirimane, Shirajiv (5 January 2014). "Moragahakanda project on schedule". Sunday Observer. Retrieved 21 November 2015.
  20. ↑ P, Krishnaswamy (18 May 2014). "Deduru Oya reservoir project, a milestone for NWP farmers". Sunday Observer. Sri Lanka. Retrieved 21 November 2015.
  21. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 "PUCSL: Licensing" (PDF). Public Utilities Commission of Sri Lanka. Retrieved 21 November 2015.
  22. ↑ "Solar Power Park to be set up in Hambantota". Ministry of Power and Renewable Energy. January 2011. Retrieved 19 May 2011.
  23. ↑ D, Elliott; M, Shwartz; G, Scott; S, Haymes; D, Heimiller; R, George (August 2003). Wind Energy Resource Atlas of Sri Lanka and the Maldives (PDF). National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Retrieved 21 November 2015.
  24. ↑ "Rs. 3b Senok wind power project launched in Puttalam". Sunday Observer. Sri Lanka. 21 March 2010. Retrieved 21 November 2015.
  25. ↑ Sirimanna, Bandula (21 March 2010). "Harnessing wind energy from Sri Lanka's west coast". The Sunday Times. Sri Lanka. Retrieved 21 November 2015.
  26. 1 2 Gunaratne, Natasha (27 September 2009). "Wind powered electricity generation projects halted". The Sunday Times. Sri Lanka. Retrieved 21 November 2015.
  27. ↑ "Windforce: Power Projects". Windforce (Pvt) Ltd. Retrieved 21 November 2015.
  28. ↑ "Blue chips eye more hydro, wind power plants". Daily News. Sri Lanka. 8 June 2011. Retrieved 7 October 2012.
  29. ↑ Kuruwita, Rathindra; Amaleeta, Nimashi (14 December 2008). "Future of wind resource development in Sri Lanka". The Nation. Retrieved 9 December 2015.
  30. 1 2 3 Charumini De Silva (18 March 2010). "Senok opens first commercial wind power park". Daily News. Sri Lanka. Retrieved 13 October 2012.
  31. ↑ "17 billion rupees for a 100MW wind power plant project from Samurdhi Bank". Ministry of Power and Renewable Energy. 5 November 2015. Retrieved 20 November 2015.
  32. ↑ "SLSEA Energy Permits: Wind Projects". Sri Lanka Sustainable Energy Authority. Retrieved 22 February 2015.
  33. ↑ "PUCSL: Intention to Grant Licences". Public Utilities Commission of Sri Lanka. Retrieved 22 February 2015.
  34. ↑ "Project Information: Hayleys Nirmalapura Wind Farm". World Bank. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
  35. ↑ "Windforce Power Projects: Joule Power". Windforce (Pvt) Ltd. Retrieved 24 October 2015.
  36. 1 2 "Seguwantivu and Vidatamunai Wind Farms". Windforce (Pvt) Ltd. Retrieved 13 October 2012.
  37. ↑ "PowerGen Wind Power Plant". Windforce (Pvt) Ltd. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
  38. ↑ "Windforce Power Projects: Beta Power". Windforce (Pvt) Ltd. Retrieved 24 October 2015.
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