Mahishadal (community development block)

Mahishadal
মহিষাদল
Community development block
সমষ্টি উন্নয়ন ব্লক
Mahishadal

Location in West Bengal, India

Coordinates: 22°11′00″N 87°59′00″E / 22.183333°N 87.983333°E / 22.183333; 87.983333Coordinates: 22°11′00″N 87°59′00″E / 22.183333°N 87.983333°E / 22.183333; 87.983333
Country  India
State West Bengal
District Purba Medinipur
Government
 • Type Community development block
Area
 • Total 146.48 km2 (56.56 sq mi)
Elevation 6 m (20 ft)
Population (2011)
 • Total 206,277
 • Density 1,400/km2 (3,600/sq mi)
Languages
 • Official Bengali, English
Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)
PIN 721628 (Rangibasan)
721654 (Lakshya)
Area code(s) 03228
Vehicle registration WB-29, WB-30, WB-31, WB-32, WB-33
Literacy 86.21%
Lok Sabha constituency Tamluk
Vidhan Sabha constituency Mahisadal
Website purbamedinipur.gov.in

Mahishadal is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Haldia subdivision of Purba Medinipur district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Geography

Overview

Purba Medinipur district is part of the lower Indo-Gangetic Plain and Eastern coastal plains. Topographically, the district can be divided into two parts – (a) almost entirely flat plains on the west, east and north, (b) the coastal plains on the south. The vast expanse of land is formed of alluvium and is composed of younger and coastal alluvial. The elevation of the district is within 10 metres above mean sea level. The district has a long coastline of 65.5 km along its southern and south eastern boundary. Five coastal CD Blocks, namely, Khejuri II, Contai II (Deshapran), Contai I, Ramnagar I and II, are occasionally affected by cyclones and tornadoes. Tidal floods are quite regular in these five CD Blocks. Normally floods occur in 21 of the 25 CD Blocks in the district. The major rivers are Haldi, Rupnarayan, Rasulpur, Bagui and Keleghai, flowing in north to south or south-east direction. River water is an important source of irrigation. The district has a low 899 hectare forest cover, which is 0.02% of its geographical area.[1][2][3]

Location

Mahishadal is located at 22°11′00″N 87°59′00″E / 22.183333°N 87.983333°E / 22.183333; 87.983333.

Mahishadal CD Block is bounded by Shyampur I CD Block, in Howrah district, across the Rupnarayan in the north, Sutahata CD Block in the east, Haldia, Nandigram II and Chandipur CD Blocks in the south and Nandakumar CD Blocks in the west.[4][5]

It is located 16 km from Tamluk, the district headquarters.[4]

Area and administration

Mahishadal CD Block has an area of 146.48 km2. It has 1 panchayat samity, 11 gram panchayats, 154 gram sansads (village councils), 75 mouzas and 73 inhabited villages. Mahishadal police station serves this block.[6] Headquarters of this CD Block is at Rangibasan.[7]

Gram panchayats

Gram panchayats of Mahishadal block/ panchayat samiti are: Amritberia, Betkundu, Garhkamalpur, Itamogra I, Itamogra II, Kismat-Naikundi, Lakshya I, Lakshya II, Natshal I, Natshal II and Satish Samanta.[8]

Demographics

Population

As per 2011 Census of India Mahisadal CD Block had a total population of 206,277, of which 199,613 were rural and 6,664 were urban. There were 106,391 (52%) males and 99,886 (48%) females. Population below 6 years was 23,598. Scheduled Castes numbered 23,201 (11.25%) and Scheduled Tribes numbered 193 (0.09%).[9]

As per 2001 census, Mahishadal block had a total population of 182,245, out of which 93,470 were males and 88,775 were females. Mahishadal block registered a population growth of 14.89 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for the combined Midnapore district was 14.87 per cent.[10]Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent.[11]

Census Towns and villages

Census Town in Mahishadal CD Block (2011 census figure in brackets: Garh Kamalpur (6,664).[9]

Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in Mahishadal CD Block (2011 census figures in brackets): Gopalpur (8,294), Basulya (4,599), Itamagra (4,032), Rajarampur (4,078), Keshabpur Jalpai (8,955), Kanchanpur (5,597), Chanpi (5,237), Kalika Kundu (6,421), Rambagh (4,208), Purba Srirampur (5,024), Natshal (11,331), Laksya (8,247), Betkundu (4,935) and Mayachar or Bardyabiri Char (4,361).[9]

Other villages in Mahishadal CD Block (2011 census figures in brackets): Rangibasan (2,570), Kismatnai Kundi (2,686) and Amritberya (3,958).[9]

Literacy

As per 2011 census the total number of literates in Mahisadal CD Block was 157,494 (86.21% of the population over 6 years) out of which 86,027 (55%) were males and 71,467 (45%) were females.[9]

As per 2011 census, literacy in Purba Medinipur district was 87.02%.[12] Purba Medinipur had the highest literacy amongst all the districts of West Bengal in 2011.[13] Literacy in West Bengal was 77.08% in 2011.[14] Literacy in India in 2011 was 74.04%.[14]

See also – List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate

Language

Bengali is the local language in these areas.[4]

Religion

Religion in Mahishadal CD Block
Hindu
  
 79.96%
Muslim
  
 19.68%
Others
  
 0.36%

In 2011 census Hindus numbered 164,943 and formed 79.96% of the population in Mahishadal CD Block. Muslims numbered 40,596 and formed 19.68% of the population. Others numbered 738 and formed 0.36% of the population.[15]

In 2011, Hindus numbered 4,343,972 and formed 85.24% of the population in Purba Medinipur district. Muslims numbered 743,436 and formed 14.59% of the population. In West Bengal, Hindus numbered 64,385,546 and formed 70.53% of the population. Muslims numbered 24,654,825 and formed 27.01% of the population.[15]

Human Development Report

Concentration of Handicraft Activities in CD Blocks
  • Horn Craft - Kolaghat
  • Pata Chitra - Chandipur, Nandakumar
  • Sea Shell – Ramnagar I & II
  • Mat & Mat Diversified Products – Ramnagar I, Egra I & II, Patashpur I
  • Brass & Bell Metal – Ramnagar I, Mahisadal, Patashpur II, Egra I
  • Diversified Jute Products – Ramnagar II, Nandakumar, Kolaghat, Shahid Matangini
  • Cane & Bamboo Products - Chandipur, Nandakumar, Kolaghat, Shahid Matangini
  • Sola Craft - Tamluk, Kolaghat
  • Pottery/Terracotta - Panskura, Tamluk, Sahid Matangini, Nandakumar
  • Wood Craft - Tamluk
  • Zari work - Sutahta, Mahisadal, Haldia, Nandakumar

Source: District Human Development Report, Purba Medinipur, Page 97

According to the District Human Development Report of Purba Medinipur: the density of population (2001 census) at 1,028 persons per  km2 was higher than the West Bengal average of 903 persons per  km2. It is an overwhelmingly rural district with the urban population being only 7.23% of the total population. The scheduled castes form 19.05% of the total population and the scheduled tribes 5.41%, the former or the two together being the lowest in the state.[16]

The agricultural sector is the lifeline of a predominantly rural economy. It is largely dependent on the Low Capacity Deep Tubewells (around 50%) or High Capacity Deep Tubewells (around 27%) for irrigation, as the district does not have a good network of canals, compared to some of the neighbouring districts. In many cases the canals are drainage canals which get the backflow of river water at times of high tide or the rainy season.[16]

In 2007-08, around 85% of the mouzas in the district had electric connections and around 40% of rural households had electricity. Over 90% of the rural households had access to toilet facility. In rural areas the tubewell was taken to be a reliable source of drinking water till arsenic contamination put a question mark on it. Piped water supply is a distant dream for rural people. In the rural areas of the district 6% households enjoy piped drinking water supply facility. In Purba Medinipur, around 70% of the people have a low standard of living.[16]

The average size of land holding in Purba Medinipur, in 2005-06, was 0.73 hectares against 1.01 hectares in West Bengal. In 2001, agricultural workers plus cultivators formed 55.41% of the total workers (main plus marginal). For rice cultivation, the area cultivated under Aman (or winter crop) is one and a half times that of the area under Boro (or summer crop). Purba Medinipur’s net district domestic product derives one fifth of its earnings from fisheries, the highest amongst all the districts of West Bengal. Betelvine is a major source of livelihood in Purba Medinipur district, particularly in Tamluk and Contai subdivisions. Betelvine production in 2008-09 was the highest amongst all the districts and was around a third of the total state production. In 2008-09, Purba Mednipur produced 2,789 tonnes of cashew nuts from 3,340 hectares of land.[16]

The report has provided CD Block-wise data for Modified Human Poverty Index of the district. The information has been modified to suit this page and published in the table alongside. The CD Block-wise mean MHPI is estimated at 24.9. 11 out of 25 CD Blocks are found to be severely deprived in respect of grand CD Block average value of MHPI (CD Blocks with lower amount of poverty are better): All the CD Blocks of Haldia and Contai subdivisions appeared backward, except Ramnagar I & II, of all the blocks of Egra subdivision only Bhagabanpur I appeared backward and in Tamluk subdivision none appeared backward.[16]

(Note: Certain topics, such as Literacy, Education, Healthcare etc., are not covered here and are covered elsewhere in this page.)

Economy

Infrastructure

Mahishadal CD Block had 5,320 hectares of canals. In 2003-04 Mahishadal CD Block had 38 km of surfaced roads under PWD, 3 km surfaced roads and 2 km unsurfaced roads under Zilla Parishad and 310 km surfaced roads and 285 km unsurfaced roads under Gram Panchayat and Panchayat Samiti.[17]

Tourism

Mahishadal and Geonkhali are tourist destinations.[18]

Agriculture

In 2003-04 the farmers of Mahishadal CD Block could be classified as follows: Bargadars 10.56%, patta (document) holders 16.69%, small farmers 0.98%, marginal farmers 12.31% and agricultural labourers 59.46%.[17]

As of 2003-04, Mahishadal CD Block had 3,259 hectares vested land, out of which 1,244 hectares was distributed amongst 6,418 persons.[17]

In 2003-04 net area sown in Mahishadal CD Block was 10,945 hectares and the area in which more than one crop was grown was 7,150 hectares.[17]

In 2003-04 Mahishadal CD Block produced 90 tonnes of Aus paddy from 40 hectares, 20,810 tonnes of Aman paddy from 10,250 hectares, 31,530 tonnes Boro paddy from 9,880 hectares and 1,480 tonnes of potatoes from 100 hectares.[17]

Some of the primary and other hats or markets in the Mahisadal block area are: Babarta hat, Baichberia hat, Baburhat, Bhisora hat, Kamarda hat, Kasabpur hat, Kalir hat, Mahisadal hat, Namalakshya hat, Sutachana hat, Sitalpur hat and Thekua hat.[19]

Pisciculture

In Mahishadal CD Block 842 hectares was the nett area under effective pisiculture and 794 persons were engaged in the profession. Approximate annual production in 2003-04 was 14,735 qtl.[17]

Transport

The Panskura-Haldia line was constructed in 1968.[20] The Panskura-Haldia line was electrified in 1974-76.[21] Mahishadal is a station on this line.

NH 116, from Kolaghat to Haldia, passes through this block.[22]

Mahishadal CD Block has 5 ferry services and 8 originating/ terminating bus routes.[17]

Education

In 2003-04, Mahishadal CD Block had 126 primary schools with 18,244 students, 4 middle schools with 1,320 students, 15 high schools with 10,391 students and 10 higher secondary schools with 10,901 students. Mahishadal CD Block had 2 general colleges with 2471 students and 281 institutions with 11,665 students for special and non-formal education. Mahisadal CD Block had 128 mass literacy centres[17]

Healthcare

Mahisadal CD Block had 1 hospital, 2 health centres, 30 clinics and 2 dispensaries with 38 beds and 6 doctors in 2003.[17]

Geonkhali travel guide from Wikivoyage

References

  1. ↑ "Brief Industrial Profile of Purba Midnapur District" (PDF). Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Industries, Government of India. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  2. ↑ "Mapping Dynamics of land utilization and its changing Patterns of Purba Medinipure District - W.B". researchgate.net. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  3. ↑ "District Human Development Report: Purba Medinipur" (PDF). Chapter I Introduction. Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2011. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  4. 1 2 3 "Mahisadal". onefivenine. Retrieved 22 June 2016.
  5. ↑ "District Map Purba Medinipur". Maps. Purba Medinipur district administration. Retrieved 22 June 2016.
  6. ↑ "District Statistical Handbook 2014 Purba Medinipur". Tables 2.1, 2.2. Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 6 November 2016.
  7. ↑ "District Census Handbook: Purba Medinipur" (PDF). Map of Purba Medinipur with CD Block HQs and Police Stations. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
  8. ↑ "Directory of District, Subdivision, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal". Purba Medinipur - Revised in March 2008. Panchayats and Rural Development Department, Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 22 June 2016.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 "C.D. Block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA)". 2011 census: West Bengal – District-wise CD Blocks. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 1 July 2016.
  10. ↑ "Provisional population totals, West Bengal, Table 4, (erstwhile) Medinipur District". Census of India 2001. Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on September 28, 2011. Retrieved 2011-07-20.
  11. ↑ "Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal. Table 4". Census of India 2001. Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
  12. ↑ "Purba Medinipur (East Midnapore) District: Census 2011 data". 2016 Digital Trends. Census Population 2015 Data. Retrieved 27 June 2016.
  13. ↑ "Districts of West Bengal". High Literacy. Census Population 2015 Data. Retrieved 27 June 2016.
  14. 1 2 "Provisional population tables and annexures" (PDF). Census 2011:Table 2(3) Literates and Literacy rates by sex. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 27 June 2016.
  15. 1 2 "C1 Population by Religious Community". West Bengal. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  16. 1 2 3 4 5 "District Human Development Report: Purba Medinipur" (PDF). May 2011. Pages: 23, 26, 30, 31-33, 37, 61-63, 80, 83, 89, 91, 93. Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 22 June 2016.
  17. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "District Statistical Handbook – 2004 – Purba Medinipur" (PDF). Tables 3.1, 4.4, 4.6, 8.2, 17.2, 18.1, 18.2, 18.3, 18.4, 21.1, 21.2. Bureau of Applied Economics and Statistics, Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 21 June 2016.
  18. ↑ "Haldia Tourism and Industrial Development". Tourist Destinations. Haldia Development Authority. Retrieved 8 July 2016.
  19. ↑ "Primary Hats/Markets of District". Purba Medinipur. West Bengal State Marketing Board. Retrieved 2 July 2016.
  20. ↑ "Year of construction of important BG lines" (PDF). History. South Eastern Railway. Retrieved 1 July 2016.
  21. ↑ "History of Electrification". IRFCA. Retrieved 2 July 2016.
  22. ↑ "National Highways and their lengths". NHAI. Retrieved 2 July 2016.
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