Marcols-les-Eaux
| Marcols-les-Eaux | |
|---|---|
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The church in Marcols-les-Eaux | |
  Marcols-les-Eaux | |
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Location within Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region  Marcols-les-Eaux | |
| Coordinates: 44°48′57″N 4°24′01″E / 44.8158°N 04.4003°ECoordinates: 44°48′57″N 4°24′01″E / 44.8158°N 04.4003°E | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes |
| Department | Ardèche |
| Arrondissement | Privas |
| Canton | Saint-Pierreville |
| Intercommunality | Châtaigniers |
| Government | |
| • Mayor (2008–2014) | François Blache |
| Area1 | 16 km2 (6 sq mi) |
| Population (2008)2 | 334 |
| • Density | 21/km2 (54/sq mi) |
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) |
| • Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 07149 / 07190 |
| Elevation |
671–1,345 m (2,201–4,413 ft) (avg. 729 m or 2,392 ft) |
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1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. 2 Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once. | |
Marcols-les-Eaux is a commune in the Ardèche department of southern France.
History
Known as Marcovolos during the 11th century and then Marcouls during the 12th century, the village became Saint-Julien-d'Ursival (name first mentioned in 1573), Saint Julian the Hospitaller being the patron of the town. In 1790, the village is renamed Marcols by the revolutionaries willing to get rid of any references to the Catholic Church. In 1912, the town becomes Marcols-les-Eaux since many mineral water sources are found throughout the village. A source was actually exploited for bottled mineral water until the late 1950s. In 1912 also, 36% of the commune's territory are detached in order to form the new town of Albon-d'Ardèche.
On November 4, 1943, an airplane of the British Royal Air Force, dropping guns and munitions to the local Resistance during the night, crashes against the Bourboulas pike, in Marcols-les-Eaux. All of the 6 British crew members died. They were buried on the next day in the village cemetery by the inhabitants. Their tombstones are still visible nowadays.
On August 7, 1944, the German Luftwaffe, suspecting the inhabitants to supply the local Resistance with food, bombs the village several times during the day killing three local civilians and destroying a couple of farms and houses. A plate commemorating this bloody event was inaugurated along the wall of the commune's cemetery.
Population
Until 1912, the two communes of Marcols-les-Eaux and Albon-d'Ardèche formed a single commune named Marcols, hence differences between the demographic trends of pre-1912 and post-1912.
| Historical population | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1841 | 1,889 | — |
| 1861 | 1,913 | +1.3% |
| 1881 | 1,896 | −0.9% |
| 1901 | 1,927 | +1.6% |
| 1921 | 823 | −57.3% |
| 1936 | 692 | −15.9% |
| 1954 | 597 | −13.7% |
| 1962 | 307 | −48.6% |
| 1962 | 307 | +0.0% |
| 1968 | 454 | +47.9% |
| 1975 | 353 | −22.2% |
| 1982 | 325 | −7.9% |
| 1990 | 300 | −7.7% |
| 1999 | 303 | +1.0% |
| 2008 | 334 | +10.2% |
Gallery
A cross in the village
The Royal Air Force's crewmembers' tombstones in the village's cemetery
See also
References
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Marcols-les-Eaux. |
