Melbourne Grammar School

Melbourne Grammar School

Latin: Ora et Labora
("Pray and Work")[1]
Location
South Yarra & Caulfield, Victoria
Australia
Coordinates 37°50′2″S 144°58′34″E / 37.83389°S 144.97611°E / -37.83389; 144.97611Coordinates: 37°50′2″S 144°58′34″E / 37.83389°S 144.97611°E / -37.83389; 144.97611
Information
Type Independent, Co-educational (Primary), Single-sex (Secondary), Day and Boarding
Denomination Anglican[2]
Established 1849 (on present site since 1858[2] - the celebrated date of foundation)
Founder The Right Rev'd Charles Perry, First Anglican Bishop of Melbourne
Chairman of Governors Mr Michael E Bartlett
Headmaster Mr Roy Kelley
Chaplain The Rev'd Hans Christiansen
Enrolment 1,782 (P–12)
Colour(s) Navy (Oxford) Blue     
Website www.mgs.vic.edu.au

Melbourne Grammar School is an independent, Anglican, day and boarding school predominantly for boys, located in South Yarra and Caulfield, suburbs of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Founded on 7 April 1858 as the Melbourne Church of England Grammar School, the school has a non-selective enrolment policy and currently caters for approximately 1,800 students from Prep to Year 12, including 120 boarders from Years 7 to 12.[3]

The bluestone buildings at the senior campus are all on the Victorian Heritage Register. The school's War Memorial Hall won the RAIA National Architecture Awards - Lachlan Macquarie Award for Heritage, the top award in its category, at an awards show in Brisbane in 2006.

Melbourne Grammar is affiliated with the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference,[4] the Association of Heads of Independent Schools of Australia (AHISA),[5] the Independent Primary School Heads of Australia (IPSHA),[6] the Australian Boarding Schools' Association (ABSA),[3] the Association of Independent Schools of Victoria (AISV),[2] and is a founding member of the historic Associated Public Schools of Victoria (APS). The School is also a member of the G20 Schools Group.

In 2001, The Sun-Herald ranked Melbourne Grammar School second among Australian schools based on the number of their alumni mentioned in Who's Who in Australia (a listing of notable Australians). In 2010 The Age reported that Melbourne Grammar School ranked equal seventh among Australian schools based on the number of alumni who had received a top Order of Australia honour.[7]

History

Melbourne Grammar School, c.1860
Melbourne Grammar School students and building, c.1914
Melbourne Grammar School in Domain Road, South Yarra

The origins of Melbourne Grammar School (colloquially known as Grammar) can be traced back to 1849, with the establishment of an experimental grammar school at St Peter's Eastern Hill, East Melbourne. This school had been established by Melbourne's first Church of England Bishop, Charles Perry, who founded the Diocese of Melbourne, and had been opened to meet the growing educational needs of the young colony.[8] In 1853, Bishop Perry commenced planning for the diocesan experimental school to become permanent, although on a larger site and not under his direct management, and so he set up a committee of eminent men to consider the task. The school however did not thrive and was suspended at the end of 1854.[9]

The first Board of Governors was elected in 1854 to take over from the committee, and it set about drawing up a Constitution, finding a Headmaster and a new site. Locations considered included Carlton, Prahran and St Kilda.[9]

Perry's dream of building a permanent, centrally located grammar school, based on the principles of the great English Public Schools, was realised in 1855, with a grant from the Governor Charles Hotham of 15 acres (61,000 m2) on St Kilda Road. This is the inner South Yarra land now occupied by Senior School and Wadhurst, next to the Royal Botanic Gardens and a short walk from the central city. At the time it was considered relatively isolated and remote. The Governors chose architects Charles Webb and Thomas Taylor, well known Melbourne contractors George Cornwell and co. undertook the construction and Bishop Perry laid the School's foundation stone on 30 July 1856.[9]

Melbourne Grammar School, 1876

The Melbourne Church of England Grammar School was finally opened on 7 April 1858 with 77 pupils, and with Dr John E Bromby as the first Headmaster. Enrolments grew to 136 during the first year, with four students being the sons of Dr Bromby, and about one quarter of them boarders.[9]

The school's first forty years proved to be a struggle, exacerbated in the 1890s by economic depression, financial concerns and changes of Headmaster. Senior School enrolments fell from 272 in 1889 to 117 in 1894 prompting a group of former students to do something "to save the old School". They formed The Old Melburnians Society in 1895, "to be the means of bringing together many former schoolmates, reviving pleasant recollections, and at the same time benefiting the life of the School as it is today".[9]

Two significant developments of the late nineteenth century were, firstly, the recognition that with a limited site, one storey buildings were not a wise use of space. A move began, continued now, of adding second stories or replacing buildings with two- or three-level structures. The second was the dedication of the Chapel of St Peter in 1893, the first school chapel in the colony of Victoria.[9]

The beginning of the new century saw the School's future assured, with enrolments increasing and the Jubilee celebrated in 1908. Hundreds of former students enlisted in the Great War of 1914–1918, as they had in the South African War, and sadly more than 200 did not return.[9]

Melbourne Grammar School Chapel, c.1893

The 1920s were a relatively stable time for the School, experiencing high academic and sporting results. The 1930s however were an unsettling time. The Great Depression put pressure on members of the Grammar community, while administrative instability affected the whole school. Between 1935 and 1938 the School had three Headmasters and two Acting Headmasters, and the outbreak of war the following year meant building plans were put on hold. Some 3,500 Old Boys enlisted in the services, and school buildings were commandeered by Australian and American forces with some students dispatched to the country and others doubled up in crowded quarters.[9]

By the 1950s it became clear that the School was seriously lacking adequate space, with expansions, extensions and renovations mostly crammed into Dr Bromby's original 15 acres (61,000 m2). The School subsequently embarked upon a building program which it was thought could take 30 years to complete, with the Senior School, Wadhurst and Grimwade campuses all receiving attention. The Centenary Building Campaign of 1958 began this expansion. Another solution to this problem since this time has been the steady acquisition of neighbouring properties.[9]

In 1986 the Governors decided on a staged restructure of the School. Until then, Wadhurst, established as a preparatory school in 1886 and Grimwade House, opened in 1918, had operated as two parallel feeder schools taking students through to Year 8. Grimwade's boarding house had closed in the mid-1970s, leading to debate on the best use of the newly available space. It was decided to introduce girls at primary levels at Grimwade House, and today Grimwade House caters for girls and boys up to Year 6 and Wadhurst for boys in Years 7 and 8.[9]

The 1980s and 1990s were times of further growth, with the outdoor program expanded with three permanent campsites at Breakfast Creek near Licola, Woodend and Banksia Peninsula on the Gippsland Lakes. On 7 April 2008, as part of the celebrations of Melbourne Grammar's sesquicentenary, the School officially opened the multimillion-dollar Nigel Peck Centre for Learning and Leadership on the Domain Road boundary, an event which was attended by the Premier of Victoria, John Brumby, who is also an Old Melburnian.[9]

In 2016, evidenced claims of rampant sexism in the Melbourne Grammar school system became prominent.[10] [11] Shortly before the end of the second term, a video surfaced of a group of Melbourne Grammar boys rating women in a mock boot camp titled 'Rate a Date' conducted on school grounds.[12][13] The video, which has since been deleted from social media, shows a student ordering a large group of his peers to avoid choosing any girl with a rating "under a 7" to take to the end-of-term formal. Subsequent to the group of year 12 students being caught making such inappropriate comments about women, a high-profile alumnus advocated for the education provider and wider community to take greater action to tackle sexism. Barrister and human-rights advocate Julian Burnside attended Melbourne Grammar in the 1950s and '60s, and stated that society clearly needed to establish more effective lessons for young men to respect women as 'It's probably a bit unfair to blame the school. It's an awfully long time since I was there… but I would say it's more likely a reflection of broader societal attitudes.' MGS headmaster Roy Kelley expressed his disappointment that the statements of the students in the video were "inconsistent" with the school's values.[14]

Headmasters

Witherby Tower
Period Details
1858 – 1875 John Edward Bromby
1875 – 1883 Edward Ellis Morris
1883 – 1885 Alexander Pyne
1885 – 1893 Ambrose John Wilson
1894 – 1898 Frederic Sergeant
1899 – 1914 George Ernest Blanch
1915 – 1936 Richard Penrose Franklin
1937 – 1938 David Stacey Colman
1938 – 1949 Joseph Richard Sutcliffe
1950 – 1970 Sir Brian William Hone
1970 – 1987 Nigel Arthur Holloway Creese
1988 – 1994 Antony James de Villiers Hill
1995 – 2009 Andrew Paul Sheahan
2009 – Roy Kelley

Campuses

Melbourne Grammar School features seven campuses, three used for everyday schooling, one for sporting activities, and three for the School's outdoor education program:

Aerial photo of Melbourne Grammar School and surrounds

House system[15]

In 1914, Headmaster GE Blanch introduced a formal house structure to further encourage interest in sport and promote physical development. Six houses were originally established. In addition to School House (the traditional English name given to the boarding house), names of the others houses commented the first two headmasters of Melbourne Grammar School (Bromby, Morris), two benefactors (Rusden, Witherby), and two brilliant all-rounder Old Melburnians (Jack and Hugh Ross). A room was assigned to each house where they could gather for meetings and socialise.

Initially, students were sorted into houses based on geographic distribution. Thus, boys from Toorak were put into Bromby House, while those from South Yarra and west of the river entered into Rusden House. Students from Malvern and Glen Iris joined Morris House, those from Brighton and other suburbs around the bay become members of Ross House, and Witherby House welcomed boys from Canterbury, Camberwell and other suburbs around the perimeter of Essendon.

The houses competed for the house championship and the prestige of being named "Cock House". They competed against each other in cricket, rowing, football, boxing (until 1950), running, shooting (until 1937), tennis and swimming.

Cock House Cup

From the earliest days, competition between the houses was fierce. The prize in question was the Cock House Cup. A points system was put in place, and houses gathered points in a range of sports in their quest to be recognised as the reigning house.

First presented in 1916 by Sir Ronald Munro Ferguson, the sixth Governor General of Australia, the Cock House Cup was intended to stimulate interest in house games and to build the sense of the houses as individual entities.

School House was the most successful competitor during the competition, securing the title twenty-six times between 1914 and 1956. Following each victory, the cup was passed around, according to School House tradition, so that each member of the house could drink from it.

Hone reforms

Upon becoming headmaster in 1951, Brian Hone initiated significant change in the purpose of the houses, shifting the focus from sporting prowess to pastoral care, house unity and the growth of the character of the students. The Cock House Cup was thought to be impeding this vision, so it ceased to be awarded.

School House, as the original boarding house was perceived to be the backbone of life at the school. The 1920s, 1930s and 1940s were the era of the 'Long Dorm', which saw justice meted out by the House Captain and Prefects. The North dormitory 'terrorised the school', however, following the disruption to the school during the Second World War a shift in power occurred and the day boys 'got out from under'.[16] Following the war, it was only the boarders who were still 'terrorised', by this time it was by the East dormitory.[16] It was Hone who gave the coup de grâce to the worst School House rituals that remained by the end of his first year.

Expansion of the house system

The house system continued to evolve over the next six decades, with the establishment of a further six houses. Perry House was founded in 1940 and established as the school's second boarding house in 1952. Bruce House was established in the same year, as a new house for day students. The next two houses were Deakin House and Miller House, both established in 1961, with Hone House following in 1979. The most recent edition was Creese House, established in 2005.

Curriculum

Senior Campus

Melbourne Grammar offers its Years 11 and 12 students the Victorian Certificate of Education (VCE), the main assessment program which ranks the students in the state.

In 2004, six Melbourne Grammar students achieved the maximum possible Equivalent National Tertiary Entrance Rank (ENTER) of 99.95; only 32 students in Victoria achieved this ENTER. In 2005, five Melbourne Grammar students achieved this same ENTER of 99.95.[17] In 2006, two Melbourne Grammar students achieved the maximum ENTER of 99.95, and three Melbourne Grammar students achieved an ENTER of 99.90. In 2007, three Melbourne Grammar students achieved the maximum ENTER of 99.95; again, only 32 students in Victoria achieved this ENTER. In 2008, five Melbourne Grammar students achieved the maximum ENTER of 99.95.[18] This tradition was continued in 2009, when a record seven students achieved the maximum ENTER of 99.95. The school also recorded its best average score on record in 2009, with the median ENTER being 93.95. In 2010, three students achieved the highest possible ATAR score of 99.95 with median 91.5. <!- http://www.mgs.vic.edu.au/news/downloads/2010_News_Articles/news_highlights_vce_results_1210.php --> In 2011, Melbourne Grammar School's VCE students have achieved a commendable 89.8 median ATAR score, and another seven students achieved the maximum possible ATAR of 99.95. <!- http://www.mgs.vic.edu.au/news/2011_News_Articles/2011_vce_results.php -->

Co-curriculum

Debating

Melbourne Grammar has held inter-grammar school British Parliamentary Debating competitions involving Scotch College, Sydney Grammar, and Melbourne Grammar. Also, Melbourne Grammar enters students into the Debaters Association of Victoria's (DAV) Debating Competition in the Toorak region. In 2016, Melbourne Grammar won both the B Grade and D Grade competitions.

Music

Melbourne Grammar is noted for its Orchestra, the Melbourne Grammar School Symphony Orchestra (MGSSO), which tours internationally in December every year. In 2005 the Orchestra toured Malaysia and Singapore and in 2006 travelled to China, performing in Shanghai, Hong Kong, and Guangzhou. December 2007 saw the orchestra touring Dubai, Zagreb, Ljubljana and Venice, while in December 2008 the orchestra once again returned to Malaysia for Martin Rutherford's final orchestra tour. In 2009 Mark Drummond took over the orchestra and in 2010 the orchestra toured Japan, performing in Osaka, Tokyo (at the Okuma Auditorium which is located at Waseda University) and Gamagori. The orchestra is usually made up of around 100 students, the vast majority attendants of the school. All campuses have their own choirs, concert bands and string orchestras. The Chapel Choir is the oldest of any Victorian private school and consists of about 40 select members. It sings at the weekly Eucharists along with occasional concerts with the like of the Australian Brandenburg Orchestra.

The MGSSO has accompanied international soloists such as Ronald Farren-Price, Leslie Howard and Neville Taweel, and has premiered works by Australian and British composers.[19]

Sport

Cordner-Eggleston Cup

Main article: Cordner-Eggleston Cup
Statue at the Melbourne Cricket Ground of Tom Wills umpiring the first recorded match of Australian rules football between Scotch College and Melbourne Grammar

The Cordner-Eggleston Cup is competed for each year by the first football teams of Melbourne Grammar School and the Scotch College and has been run since 1858, making it the longest running school football fixture in the world.

Tri-Grammar series

Melbourne Grammar participates in the annual Tri-Grammar games, a series of cricket and rowing competitions between the Firsts teams of Melbourne Grammar School, Sydney Grammar School and Brisbane Grammar School.

They are held at each school in rotation, with competing students being billeted out to the students of the host school against whom they will compete. It is customary when the rowing events are hosted by Melbourne Grammar that Sydney and Brisbane Grammars shall compete in the Head of the Yarra, an 8 kilometre river-race.

The cricketing rivalry between Melbourne and Sydney Grammars dates back to 1876 and is considered the oldest (in terms of cricket) in Australia. In 1976, to mark the centenary of this rivalry, a "Bat" was struck, with the winner of the annual match taking possession of this bat.

In the mid-1990s, Brisbane Grammar was invited to play against both Melbourne and Sydney Grammars, giving rise to the 'Tri-Grammar Shield', won by the most successful school during the festival.

The Rose and Thistle Cup

The Rose and Thistle Cup traditionally is the match of the Melbourne Grammar Soccer 1st XI and the Scotch College 1st XI. Inaugurated in 2008, it represents the Rose of England - Melbourne Grammar and the Thistle of Scotland- Scotch College. The cup has an annual theme of 'Two Traditions, One Spirit.' Currently, Scotch College has the cup after a tightly-contested match on the Mckenzie Oval in front of a large crowd, following strong performances from the Melbourne Grammar First XI in previous years. In 2016, the Rose and Thistle Cup will take place on June 4, at Edwin Flack Park with Kick off at 10am, whereby both schools will continue the proud tradition of rivalry.

Rowing

Melbourne Grammar has a proud rowing record, having claimed the Head of the River 28 times, the most recent being in 2016. In 2009 the school had an exceptional 1st VIII who broke the Head of the River record. They also won the National Schoolboy 8+ in record time. They rowed a very credible race to win the schoolboy title over the Shore School in 5:49.

Athletics

In recent years, Melbourne Grammar School has become a force in Athletics, winning the APS premiership for the first time in 48 years in 2010. For most of the 90s and early 2000s, the school struggled in athletics. The turnaround started in 2004, thanks to a mixture of the teacher-in-charge Nat Coull's efforts and leadership by former students such as Oliver Wurm & Sam Baines, helping the school become a top athletics school. They have also won the Victorian track relay titles for the past 7 years, a measure of the quality of the track program.

Soccer

The Melbourne Grammar 1st XI Soccer team is yet to win an APS premiership, however, finishing a tightly-contested 3rd in 2014 and subsequently missing out on the premiership cup following a draw against reigning premiers, Brighton Grammar. The strength of Melbourne Grammar soccer is emerging strongly throughout the years and strong performances by the First XI were seen in 2014 and 2015 under the guidance of Jesper Olsen, former Manchester United and Danish International winger. Soccer is currently one of the most played sports at the school. In recent years, Melbourne Grammar School has produced A-League footballers including Stefan Nigro (Melbourne Victory) who received Man of The Match on debut against Brisbane Roar and Yaren Sozer (Melbourne City FC) who played against EPL giants Manchester City. Furthermore, as of 2016, Old Melburnians have signed for overseas clubs in Spain. Salvatore Sitch won the "MVP" award for the First XI in 2015.

Basketball

Melbourne Grammar is an emerging force in the Victorian APS basketball competition, finishing third in 2012 and 2014. Recent noteworthy players include Dane Pineau (recruited by St Marys College US), 2012 Captain and also Captain of the Australian under-19s national team, Daniel Fisher, who went on to attend American University on a scholarship and Victorian State and BigV men's players Jakob Cornelissen (recruited by University of Hawaii US) and Andrew Panyiotou. MGS basketball is coached by OM Tom Chambers

Volleyball

Melbourne Grammar School has only once finished lower than third in the APS Volleyball Competition and has forged a rich heritage of boys going on to play at University and State levels.

Theatre

Melbourne Grammar has a strong theatre department, especially within the Senior Campus, which produces four plays each school year. In Term One, the Quad Play, most commonly a Shakespeare play, but on occasion from other notable playwrights, is performed within the school's Quadrangle, and is open to students in years 10 to 12. In 2014, the Quad Play celebrated its 40th anniversary with a production of Antony and Cleopatra, celebrating a notable history of productions including The Crucible, Twelfth Night and Much Ado About Nothing.

The School Play, performed in August, is often the centrepiece of the year's theatrical calendar. These take place in the Memorial Hall, which was refurbished in the early 2000s. Staging is often designed by a contracted individual, with sets constructed jointly by staff and students, often both current and former. These productions alternate between musicals and plays. Notable productions in recent history have included Tim Winton's Cloudstreet, Gilbert and Sullivan's The Pirates of Penzance and Oscar Wilde's An Ideal Husband, and most recently, Leonard Bernstein's West Side Story. In 2014, Melbourne Grammar School will be performing Peter Shaffer's Amadeus.

The final performance for the year is the Spring Production which is open to Years 9 and 10 students. These plays take place in late Term Four off-campus to free the Memorial Hall for VCE exams. These productions in recent years have provided modern updates to classic stories, including Lord of the Flies', Animal Farm and Sweeney Todd, as well as performing modern plays such as Nick Enright's Spurboard. In 2013, this production will be another modern update, this time being Eugène Ionesco's Rhinoceros.

All of these plays are performed by the students of Melbourne Grammar in conjunction with students from the sister school, Melbourne Girls Grammar School, whose campus is located nearby.

Wadhurst, Melbourne Grammar's middle school, also partakes in an annual production. This is performed either on the Wadhurst Deck or in the Wadhurst Hall. In 2008, to celebrate the school's sesquicentenary, the play Glimpses of the Generations was performed featuring 150 years of the school's history. These productions usually take the form of a classic children's tale such as Pinocchio or A Christmas Carol. In 2013, the Wadhurst Production will take the form of a film, featuring a Melbourne Grammar twist on Alice in Wonderland, produced by students.

Year 8 students also have the opportunity to take part in the Year 8 Project, established in 2012 with a reimagining of A Midsummer Night's Dream. Students from Melbourne Grammar and Melbourne Girls Grammar have the opportunity not only to act in a play but to take part in the development and production of the play. The 2013 production was a surrealist modern update of Alan Ayckbourn's Ernie's Incredible Illucinations.

Crest and motto

Collectable School Cigarette card featuring the MGS colours & crest, c. 1910s

The school motto, Ora et Labora, which may be translated from Latin to "Pray and Work", was chosen by the second Headmaster, Edward Morris in 1875.[1]

An old boy of England's Rugby School, Morris exemplified the way the principles of the English Public School system were adopted in Australia, including that education and religion should go hand in hand, as envisaged by Bishop Perry. The motto clearly reflects this.[1]

The school crest is composed of a number of elements. The Archbishop's mitre placed on top of the crest indicates the school's connection with the Church of England; the mitre in the shield is in memory of Charles Perry, the schools founder; the open book represents either the bible or 'Knowledge like an Open Book', while its large clasps show that the book is not to be opened with ease; the Fleur de Lys (lily) is a symbol of purity; and the Southern Cross is the emblem of Australia, and is also on the Victorian and Australian flag.[1]

Notable alumni

Alumni of Melbourne Grammar School are commonly referred to as Old Melburnians and may elect to join the schools' alumni association, the Old Melburnians' Society (OMS).[20] Some notable Old Melburnians include:

Governor-General

Prime Ministers

State Premiers

Victoria Cross recipients

Military and security

Law and government

Media, Entertainment and the Arts

Sport

Other

See also

Notes

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "School Crest and Motto". History. Melbourne Grammar School. Retrieved 2008-02-02.
  2. 1 2 3 "Melbourne Grammar School". Find a School. Association of Independent Schools of Victoria. 2007. Retrieved 2008-02-02.
  3. 1 2 "Melbourne Grammar School". Schools - Victoria. Australian Boarding Schools Association. Archived from the original on 2007-11-17. Retrieved 2008-02-02.
  4. ↑ "International Members". HMC Schools. The Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference. Retrieved 2008-03-11.
  5. ↑ "Victoria". School Directory. Association of Heads of Independent Schools of Australia. 2008. Archived from the original on 2008-03-07. Retrieved 2008-02-02.
  6. ↑ "JSHAA Victoria Directory of Members". Victoria Branch. Junior School Heads' Association of Australia. 2007. Retrieved 2008-02-02.
  7. ↑ Topsfield, Jewel (4 December 2010). "Ties that bind prove a private education has its awards". Melbourne: The Age. p. 11. The hard copy article also published a table of the schools which were ranked in the top ten places, as follows: (1st with 19 awards) Scotch College, Melbourne, (2nd with 17 awards) Geelong Grammar School, (3rd with 13 awards) Sydney Boys High School, (equal 4th with 10 awards each) Fort Street High School, Perth Modern School and St Peter's College, Adelaide, (equal 7th with 9 awards each) Melbourne Grammar School, North Sydney Boys High School and The King's School, Parramatta, (equal 10th with 6 awards each) Launceston Grammar School, Melbourne High School, Wesley College, Melbourne and Xavier College.
  8. ↑ "History". About Us. Melbourne Grammar School. Retrieved 2008-02-02.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 "History of MGS". About Us. Melbourne Grammar School. Retrieved 2008-02-02.
  10. ↑ Elite grammar school student, 16, probed by police over distributing 'explicit and nude images of young girls'
  11. ↑ Melbourne Grammar video scandal: alumnus shocked by year 12 'rate-your-date' video
  12. ↑ Melbourne Grammar Year 12 degrading ‘tinder bootcamp’ video sparks anger
  13. ↑ [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3725804/Boys-Melbourne-Grammar-School-rate-formal-dates-degrading-Tinder-boot-camp-video.html Daily Mail: Students at exclusive private school rate formal dates in degrading 'Tinder boot camp' video
  14. ↑ “The way our private boys’ schools respond to sexism isn’t good enough.”
  15. ↑ "The Centenary of the Senior School House System: 1914-2014". Booklet. Melbourne Grammar School. 2014.
  16. 1 2 Eagle, Chester (1986). Play together, dark blue twenty. Melbourne: Trojan Press.
  17. ↑ Leung, Chee Chee (2005-12-13). "Public school trio make mark on VCE results". National. Melbourne: The Age. Retrieved 2008-03-26.
  18. ↑ Sheahan, Paul (2007-12-17). "Outstanding VCE results". News. Melbourne Grammar School. Archived from the original on 2008-03-15. Retrieved 2008-03-26.
  19. ↑ Martin Rutherford (2006). "Martin Rutherford, Associate Composer, Australian Music Centre". Australian Music Centre. Retrieved 2007-08-14.
  20. ↑ "Old Melburnians - Alumni". Grammar Community. Melbourne Grammar School. Archived from the original on 2007-11-24. Retrieved 2008-02-02.
  21. ↑ Burke, Kelly (10 February 2004). "One of the old school". TV & Radio. Melbourne: The Age. Retrieved 2008-02-20.
  22. ↑ The Argus, "The Tale of an Amazing Escape from Greece", 22 November 1941. Retrieved 10 June 2012.
  23. ↑ Coulthard-Clark, C.D (1981). "De Mole, Lancelot Eldin (1880 - 1950)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. 8 (Online ed.). Melbourne, Vic.: Melbourne University Press. pp. 278–279. Retrieved 2008-03-26.
  24. ↑ Who's Who in Australia 1971, 'Gibson, Aubrey Hickes Lawson'.
  25. ↑ http://libguides.newcastle.edu.au/placenames/tannerbar

Further reading

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