Memphis Pyramid

Memphis Pyramid
The Pyramid as seen in 2015
Former names	Great American Pyramid, Pyramid Arena
Alternative names	The Pyramid
General information
Address	1 Bass Pro Drive (formerly 1 Auction Avenue) Memphis, Tennessee, USA 38105
Current tenants	Bass Pro Shops
Groundbreaking	September 15, 1989^[1]
Opened	November 9, 1991^[2]
Renovated	April 29, 2015
Cost	US$65 million ($113 million in 2016 dollars^[3])
Owner	City of Memphis
Height	321 feet (98 m)
Design and construction
Architect	Rosser Fabrap International^[4]

The Memphis Pyramid, initially known as the Great American Pyramid, formerly referred to as the Pyramid Arena and locally referred to as The Pyramid,^[5] was originally built as a 20,142-seat arena located in downtown Memphis, in the U.S. state of Tennessee, at the banks of the Mississippi River. The facility was built in 1991 and was originally owned and operated jointly by the city of Memphis and Shelby County; Shelby County sold its share to Memphis in April 2009.^[6] Its structure plays on the city's namesake in Egypt, known for its ancient pyramids. It is 321 feet (98 m) (about 32 stories) tall and has base sides of 591 feet (180 m); it is by some measures the tenth-tallest pyramid in the world.^[7]

The Memphis Pyramid has not been regularly used as a sports or entertainment venue since 2004. In 2015, the Pyramid re-opened as a Bass Pro Shops "megastore", which includes shopping, a hotel, restaurants, a bowling alley, and an archery range with an outdoor observation deck at its apex.

Construction

The "Great American Pyramid" was conceived originally by Mark C. Hartz, a Memphis artist in about 1954. The project originally included three pyramids located on the south bluffs of Memphis overlooking the Mississippi River. The larger of the three would have been two-third scale of the Great Pyramid of Giza near Memphis, Egypt; the flanking structures would have been scaled at two-thirds the size of the main pyramid. The project languished for three decades until Mark's younger son, Memphian Jon Brent Hartz, resurrected the concept. Mark C. Hartz, who was well known for his architectural renderings, rendered a new bronze glass-glazed pyramid. After years of negotiations, the younger Hartz's concept was adopted by entrepreneur John Tigrett as a symbol for the city of Memphis. The groundbreaking ceremony was held on September 15, 1989 and the building was opened on November 9, 1991.

The construction of the building was managed by Sidney Shlenker, part owner of the Denver Nuggets and several entertainment companies, who Tigrett had brought to Memphis to develop tourist attractions in the building. Originally, there were plans for a shortwave radio station broadcasting Memphis music, an observation deck with an inclinator along the side of the building, a Hard Rock Cafe, a music museum, and a theme park on Mud Island along with other things. However, the plans were scrapped because of a fallout between Tigrett and Shlenker and the latter's financial difficulties.

Various former uses and events

Pyramid Arena
Construction
The Pyramid
The Pyramid Arena, as seen from the Auction Avenue bridge in 2002.
Location	1 Auction Avenue Memphis, Tennessee 38105
Coordinates	35°9′20″N 90°3′7″W / 35.15556°N 90.05194°W / 35.15556; -90.05194Coordinates: 35°9′20″N 90°3′7″W / 35.15556°N 90.05194°W / 35.15556; -90.05194
Owner	City of Memphis
Operator	SMG
Capacity	Concerts: 21,000 Basketball: 20,142 (1991–2001) 19,405 (2001–2002) 19,351 (2002–2004)
Broke ground	September 15, 1989^[1]
Opened	November 9, 1991^[2]
Closed	2004
Reopened	November 2011
Construction cost	US$65 million ($113 million in 2016 dollars^[3])
Architect	Rosser Fabrap International^[4]
Structural engineer	Walter P. Moore & Associates, Inc.^[4]
General contractor	Huber, Hunt & Nichols^[4]
Tenants
Memphis Tigers (NCAA) (1991–2004) Memphis Pharaohs (AFL) (1995–1996) Memphis Grizzlies (NBA) (2001–2004)

The Pyramid was the home court for the University of Memphis men's basketball program, and later for the National Basketball Association's Memphis Grizzlies. However, both teams left The Pyramid in November 2004 to move into the newly built FedExForum. It was also home to the Memphis Pharaohs of the AFL.

The arena hosted the 1993 Great Midwest Conference Men's and Women's basketball tournaments, the 1994 and 1997 Southeastern Conference men's basketball tournament, the 1996 and 2000 Conference USA men's basketball tournament, and the 2003 Conference USA women's basketball tournament. It also held the first and second rounds of the NCAA Tournament in 1995, 1997, and 2001.

Singer Mary J. Blige performed at the arena in September 1997 during her Share My World Tour.

The Pyramid was the site of the WWF St. Valentine's Day Massacre: In Your House pay-per-view, in 1999.

It also hosted the boxing mega-fight between Lennox Lewis and Mike Tyson in 2002, which Lewis won by a knockout in the eighth round.

Filmmaker Craig Brewer used the building as a sound stage for his film Black Snake Moan in late 2005.^[8]

From 2002 to 2006, the annual Church of God in Christ international holy convocations were held here.

In 2002, the arena hosted a concert, commemorating the 25th anniversary of Elvis Presley's death.

Bob Seger & The Silver Bullet Band performed what is reputed to be the last concert ever in the Pyramid, on February 3, 2007.

Troubles and closure

The vacant Pyramid pictured in 2010.

On the Pyramid's opening night, the arena floor flooded because of inadequate drainage pumps, and the entire arena began to flood causing stage hands to sandbag the entire perimeter to preserve the electrical runs under the stage.

The death knell for the arena sounded when the NBA's Grizzlies moved from Vancouver. The Pyramid was originally thought to be more than suitable for an NBA team, but it was discovered that it needed to be significantly upgraded in order to be a viable NBA arena. The cost of upgrading to NBA standards made it more practical to build a new arena. As a result, the $250 million FedExForum was built and opened in 2004.

The City of Memphis's contract with the Grizzlies forbade the use of The Pyramid without the team's approval, and as a result, it went dark. A committee headed by Memphis businessman Scott Ledbetter studied possible uses of the arena in 2005, and considered such uses as converting the arena into a casino, an aquarium, a shopping mall, or an indoor theme park.^[9] In November 2006, Congressman-Elect Steve Cohen (D-Tennessee) suggested that he would attempt to open a "Mid-American branch" of the Smithsonian Institution in the building. However, these plans were never realized. In the end, the committee on the building's future recommended that it be used for "destination retail" which would create more jobs and new tax revenues.

Bass Pro Shops and redevelopment

Interior of the Pyramid on Bass Pro Shops' opening day

In October 2005, media speculation began to focus on an aquarium or a Bass Pro Shops superstore as the most likely long-term tenants of the arena. In 2008, the city and Bass Pro Shops reached a "tentative" agreement, short on details, but based on an intent to develop the then-abandoned structure.^[10] On June 30, 2010, after 5 years of negotiating, Bass Pro and the City of Memphis signed an agreement for a 55-year lease for a Bass Pro Shops megastore. In addition, the redevelopment plans include revitalizing the Pinch District, which is the neighborhood east of the Pyramid. The city invested $30 million to help with the seismic retrofitting of the structure which was funded by sales tax revenue in the surrounding area. Bass Pro began renovations and construction in October 2012 and opened to the public on April 29, 2015.^[11]

In addition to the retail store itself, Bass Pro at the Pyramid is home to an archery range, shooting range, and laser arcade. The building also includes an Uncle Buck's Fishbowl and Grill with a bowling alley and a saltwater aquarium. The tallest freestanding elevator in America takes visitors to The Lookout at the Pyramid at the apex of the building, where they can take in the view on an indoor and outdoor observation deck or dine and drink at the "Sky High Catfish Cabin", a restaurant, bar, and aquarium at the top of the building. At the base of the Pyramid is a 100-room hotel known as the Big Cypress Lodge. Bass Pro at the Pyramid contains 600,000 gallons of water features and the largest collection of waterfowl and hunting related equipment in the world.^[12]

One million people visited the Bass Pro Pyramid between the grand opening in April 2015 and July 8, 2015. Due in part to this large success, Bass Pro is considering adding a zip-line and a second hotel to the Pyramid.^[13]

Imagery

In 2011, a drawing of The Pyramid – alongside images of iconic structures from Tennessee's three other large cities (the AT&T Building in Nashville, Knoxville's Sunsphere, and the Tennessee Aquarium of Chattanooga) – was incorporated into the standard design of Tennessee's state-issued driver's licenses.

References

1 2 Baird, Woody (September 15, 1989). "Memphis Will Celebrate". Associated Press. Retrieved March 28, 2012.
1 2 Baird, Woody (November 9, 1991). "Big Pyramid, Little Wonder". Associated Press. Retrieved March 28, 2012.
1 2 Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis Community Development Project. "Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–". Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Retrieved October 21, 2016.
1 2 3 4 The Great American Pyramid
↑
↑ McMillin, Zack. Once filled to the rafters, Pyramid sits empty as its future is debated. Memphis Commercial Appeal, Sunday, May 10, 2009.
↑ "The World's Tallest 15 Pyramids". The Hungry Suitcase. Retrieved 19 July 2015.
↑ "Casting call announced for 'Black Snake Moan'". Memphis Business Journal. Memphis, Tennessee. 2005-08-18.
↑ Williams, David (2007-12-12). "$250 million plan proposed for Pyramid, Mud Island". Commercial Appeal. Memphis, Tennessee.
↑ "Bass Pro Shops officially announce plans for the Pyramid". WMC-TV. 2006-02-02.
↑ Maki, Amos (2011-08-11). "Crews to begin transforming Pyramid into Bass Pro store Oct. 11, sources say". Commercial Appeal. Memphis, Tennessee.
↑ "Bass Pro Shops at the Pyramid".
↑ Evanoff, Ted. "Bass Pro attendance has topped 1 million". Retrieved 2015-08-03.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pyramid Arena.

Emporis page

Preceded by General Motors Place	Home of the Memphis Grizzlies 2001 – 2004	Succeeded by FedExForum
Preceded by first arena	Home of Memphis Pharaohs 1995–1996	Succeeded by BancorpSouth Arena

City of Memphis and Memphis metropolitan area (counties in TN, MS and AR)

Topics

Districts

Neighborhoods

Metro area
landmarks

Tennessee	A. Schwab's Art Museum of the University of Memphis AutoZone Stadium Bartlett Museum Beale Street Bellevue Baptist Church Belz Museum Botanic Garden Brooks Museum Burkle Estate Central Station Chickasaw Bluff Children's Museum Chucalissa Museum Cotton Museum Davies Manor Dixon Gallery and Gardens Downtown Trolleys Elmwood Cemetery FedExForum Fire Museum Fort Assumption Fort Wright Graceland Hernando de Soto Bridge Liberty Bowl Stadium Libertyland Lichterman Nature Center Lincoln American Tower Magevney House Mallory-Neely House Meeman-Shelby Forest State Park Memorial Park Cemetery Cotton Exchange Memphis International Airport Motorsports Park National Cemetery Parkway System Railroad & Trolley Museum Memphis Zoo Mississippi River Mississippi River Park Mud Island Monorail National Civil Rights Museum National Ornamental Metal Museum Oaklawn Garden Orpheum Theatre Overton Park Peabody Hotel Pink Palace The Pyramid Rhodes College Rock N' Soul Museum St. Jude Children's Research Hospital St. Mary's Episcopal Cathedral Shelby Farms Stax Museum Sun Studio South Main Arts District Temple Israel Tennessee Brewery Tipton County Museum T. O. Fuller State Park Tom Lee Park Union Station University of Memphis Victorian Village Wolf River

Mississippi	Arkabutla Lake Bally's Casino BankPlus Amphitheater at Snowden Grove DeSoto County Museum Lander's Center Gold Strike Casino Holly Springs National Forest Horseshoe Casino Mississippi River Resorts Casino Tunica Sam's Town Gambling Hall Southaven Towne Center Tunica Resorts Snowden Grove Park Tanger Outlets Southaven Tunica Roadhouse Casino Wall Doxey State Park

Arkansas	Horseshoe Lake Mississippi River Southland Greyhound Park Wapanocca National Wildlife Refuge

Metro area
suburbs

Tennessee	Arlington Atoka Bartlett Collierville Covington Germantown Lakeland Millington Munford Northaven Oakland Piperton Somerville Shelby Forest

Mississippi	Byhalia Hernando Holly Springs Horn Lake Olive Branch Senatobia Southaven Tunica Robinsonville/Tunica Resorts Walls

Arkansas	Earle Marion West Memphis

Metro area
counties

Tennessee	Shelby Fayette Tipton

Mississippi	DeSoto Marshall Tate Tunica

Arkansas	Crittenden

Memphis Grizzlies

Founded in 1995 Played in Vancouver (1995–2001) Based in Memphis, Tennessee

Franchise	Franchise Expansion Draft All-time roster Head coaches Draft history Records Seasons Current season

Arenas	General Motors Place Pyramid Arena FedExForum

General managers	Jackson Knight West Wallace

D-League affiliate	Iowa Energy

Administration	Owner Memphis Basketball, LLC (Robert J. Pera, Chairman and Controlling Owner) General Manager, Basketball Operations Chris Wallace Head coach David Fizdale

Culture and lore	Vancouver Grizzlies relocation to Memphis Naismith Cup Orca Bay Sports & Entertainment Grit and Grind Growl Towel "You Dropped a Bomb on Me" (The Gap Band song) Rick Trotter

Media	TV Fox Sports Tennessee Fox Sports Southeast Radio Radio Network WRBO-FM Announcers Pete Pranica Brevin Knight Sean Tuohy Eric Hasseltine Hank McDowell Elliot Perry

Memphis Tigers men's basketball

Venues	Various locations (1920–1929) Memorial Fieldhouse (1929–1966) Mid-South Coliseum (1966–1991) Pyramid Arena (1991–2004) FedExForum (2004–present)

Rivalries	Louisville

Culture & lore	Pouncer Newby's TOM (mascot) "Go Tigers Go" Mighty Sound of the South

People	Head coaches All-Americans NBA players Retired jerseys

Seasons	1920–21 1921–22 1922–23 1923–24 1924–25 1925–26 1926–27 1927–28 1928–29 1929–30 1930–31 1931–32 1932–33 1933–34 1934–35 1935–36 1936–37 1937–38 1938–39 1939–40 1940–41 1942–42 1942–43 1943–44 1944–45 1945–46 1946–47 1947–48 1948–49 1949–50 1950–51 1951–52 1952–53 1953–54 1954–55 1955–56 1956–57 1957–58 1958–59 1959–60 1960–61 1961–62 1962–63 1963–64 1964–65 1965–66 1966–67 1967–68 1968–69 1969–70 1970–71 1971–72 1972–73 1973–74 1974–75 1975–76 1976–77 1977–78 1978–79 1979–80 1980–81 1981–82 1982–83 1983–84 1984–85 1985–86 1986–87 1987–88 1988–89 1989–90 1990–91 1991–92 1992–93 1993–94 1994–95 1995–96 1996–97 1997–98 1998–99 1999–00 2000–01 2001–02 2002–03 2003–04 2004–05 2005–06 2006–07 2007–08 2008–09 2009–10 2010–11 2011–12 2012–13 2013–14 2014–15 2015–16 2016–17

NCAA Final Four appearances in italics

Oklahoma Wranglers

Formerly the Memphis Pharaohs and the Portland Forest Dragons
Founded in 1995
Folded in 2001
Based in Memphis, Tennessee (1995–1996), Portland, Oregon (1997–1999) and Oklahoma City, Oklahoma (2000–2001)

Franchise

Arenas

Head coaches

Frease
Brock
Cortese

Playoff appearances (2)

1995
2000

Hall of Fame members

Ben Bennett

Seasons (7)

1990s	1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

2000s	2000 2001

Music venues of Tennessee

Outdoor venues	Ascend Amphitheater Finley Stadium Great Stage Park Levitt Shell Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium Mud Island Nissan Stadium

Theaters and clubs	Bijou Theatre Bluebird Café Exit/In Grand Ole Opry Ryman Auditorium Tennessee Theatre War Memorial Auditorium Station Inn Robert's Western World

Arenas	Bridgestone Arena FedExForum Freedom Hall Civic Center McKenzie Arena Murphy Center Nashville Municipal Auditorium Oman Arena Thompson–Boling Arena Viking Hall Civic Center

Festivals	Bonnaroo Music Festival

Historic venues	Pyramid Arena Starwood Amphitheatre

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