Mercury Meteor

Mercury Meteor
1961 Mercury Meteor 800 4-door hardtop
Overview
Manufacturer	Mercury (Ford)
Production	1961–1963
Body and chassis
Class	Full-Size (1961) Mid-size (1962–1963)
Body style	2-door hardtop 2-door sedan 4-door sedan 4-door hardtop 4-door station wagon
Layout	FR layout

The Mercury Meteor is an automobile that was produced by Mercury from 1961 to 1963. For 1961, the name was applied to low-end full-sized vehicles; for 1962 and 1963, the name was applied to Mercury's mid-sized sedans, in a marketing attempt to appeal to the excitement surrounding the Space Race, before being discontinued. Introduced while Mercury as a marque was in flux, and never a solid marketplace performer in consumer sales, the Meteor remains more a side note than a well known Mercury product.

Canadian Meteor nameplate

Initially, Ford used the Meteor nameplate in 1949 when it created a stand-alone marque of vehicles that used Ford bodies trimmed using unique parts for sale specifically in the Canadian marketplace. Meteors were produced and sold in Canada until 1961, and then reintroduced again from 1964 to 1976, after the US model using the name was discontinued.^[1]

• 
  Canadian 1957 Meteor

Background

In the mid-1950s, Ford executives were convinced by Ernest Breech that, in order to compete with General Motors, the automaker had to meet each sales segment with a unique product. The plan affected Mercury by calling for the marque's completely new platform and body design since World War II in order to differentiate it from Fords, beginning with the 1957 model year.

Historically, Mercury was usually considered a "lower-medium-priced" car, most often compared to Pontiac and Dodge. Under Breech's plan Mercury would move upmarket and compete more directly with Buick, Oldsmobile, Chrysler and DeSoto and the Edsel would take over Mercury's previous role as the lower-medium-priced car and compete more directly with Pontiac and Dodge.

While Breech’s plan could have succeeded in the early 1950s, by the late 1950s the bottom was beginning to drop out of the middle price car market; the 1958 recession effectively rendered Breech’s plan obsolete. Sales of Ford’s Edsel marque were a complete disaster.

Sales of Mercury products failed to reach expected levels, leading to cost cutting decisions beginning in the 1961 model year. Had Robert S. McNamara, then head of the Ford division, had his way, Lincoln, Edsel and Mercury would have been eliminated. Instead, a compromise was made, and beginning in 1961 Ford and Mercury used the basic Ford body shells, and relied upon unique trim elements to differentiate the marques one from another. Edsel, meanwhile, was discontinued after a short run of 1960 models; what emerged as the 1961 Mercury Meteor was initially envisioned as the 1961 Edsel.

Mercury product planning underwent another shift with the departure of fiscal conservative McNamara from Ford. What had been McNamara’s attempts to remake Mercury as a senior Ford were discarded, and instead, for 1965, Mercury was marketed as being "built in the Lincoln tradition".

The first step towards this goal was the elimination of the compact-bodied Comet. Although Mercury had no mid-sized car for the 1964 and 1965 model years, the Comet continued to sell well during this time. Because the Comet name had better recognition than Meteor, the Comet name was transferred to Mercury's mid-sized car based on the Ford Fairlane beginning with the 1966 model year, in effect finally replacing the Meteor model and name that had last been built and used in 1963. For 1964, the Meteor name returned on a series of full-size models in the Canadian market, much as had been the case until 1961.

First generation (1961)

First generation
Overview
Production	1960–1961
Assembly	Pico Rivera, California Mahwah, New Jersey St. Louis, Missouri Wayne, Michigan
Body and chassis
Body style	2-door sedan 2-door hardtop 4-door hardtop 4-door sedan
Related	Ford Fairlane Ford Galaxie Mercury Monterey
Powertrain
Engine	223 in^3 OHV straight-6 292 in^3 Y-block V8 352 in^3 FE V8 390 in^3 FE V8
Transmission	2-speed automatic 3-speed automatic 2-speed manual
Dimensions
Wheelbase	3,047 mm (120.0 in)

The first step taken to make Mercury more cost effective within Ford, was to shed its higher priced Montclair and Park Lane models. The Monterey, previously the entry-level full-sized Mercury offering and priced slightly higher for the 1961 model year than comparable 1960 models, became the new top-of-the-line model. It was joined by the new, lower-priced Meteor 600 and Meteor 800. The Meteor 600 and Meteor 800 were, respectively, the evolution of the Medalist and Custom models last offered in 1956, as well as replacements for the discontinued Edsel. All full-sized 1961 Mercurys rode on a 120” wheelbase.

For 1961, the Meteor was a full-sized model, differentiated from the Monterey through its trim and taillights. Meteor 600 taillights were oblong, while the Meteor 800 and upmarket Monterey used six circular tail lights, three on each side. Meteor 600s, available only as two- and four-door sedans, featured chrome spears from the taillights to the front wheels. Meteor 800s, available in two- and four-door sedan and hardtop body styles, featured the spear and three chrome bars on the front fenders, chrome fender fin trim, rocker panel trim and back-up lights.

The Commuter four-door station wagon was trimmed comparably to the Meteors, while the Colony Park with simulated woodgrain trim on the side-panels was outfitted comparably to the Monterey.

The standard engine in the Meteor and Commuter was a 223 cubic inch displacement inline six-cylinder with a single-barrel carburetor that generated 135 horsepower (101 kW) @ 4000 rpm. Optional engines included a 292 cubic inch V-8 with a two-barrel carburetor generating 175 horsepower (130 kW) @ 4200 rpm (standard on the Monterey and Colony Park), as well as a 352 cubic inch Marauder V-8 with a two-barrel carburetor generating 220 horsepower (160 kW), a 390 cubic inch Marauder V-8 with a four-barrel carburetor generating 300 horsepower (220 kW), and a 390 cubic inch Marauder V-8 with a four-barrel carburetor generating 330 horsepower (250 kW). The standard transmission was a three-speed manual with overdrive available as an option. Merc-O-Matic and Multi-Drive automatic transmissions were available as options.

1961 Mercury Meteor hardtop

Second generation (1962-1963)

Second generation
Overview
Production	1962–1963
Assembly	Dearborn, Michigan Kansas City, Missouri Milpitas, California
Body and chassis
Body style	2-door sedan 2-door hardtop 4-door sedan 4-door station wagon
Related	Ford Fairlane
Powertrain
Engine	170 in^3 OHV straight-6 221 in^3 Windsor V8 260 in^3 Windsor V8
Transmission	2-speed automatic 3-speed automatic 3-speed manual 4-speed manual
Dimensions
Wheelbase	2,934 mm (115.5 in)

For 1962, Mercury marketing decided that the Monterey nameplate had better consumer recognition than the Meteor moniker as far as full-sized vehicles were concerned (despite the fact that the Meteor outsold the Monterey), and instead assigned the Meteor name to a new line of mid-sized cars based on the Ford Fairlane which, in turn, was based on a long-wheelbase version of the Ford Falcon chassis. This smaller, mid-sized Meteor filled the product gap between the full-sized Monterey and the compact, Ford Falcon-based Mercury Comet.

Riding the Fairlane’s 116.5 inch wheelbase, the 1962 Meteors wore unique rear quarter panels that mimicked the Monterey's jet-pod tail lights. The base Meteor and better-trimmed Meteor Custom were available as two- and four-door sedans. The Meteor S-33 was a specially appointed two-door sedan featuring premium exterior trim and interior ameneties including bucket seats, and a center console. Its styling and features were similar to the Fairlane 500 sports coupe.

For 1963, Meteors received a trim update and the addition of two body styles, a four-door station wagon and a two-door hardtop coupe. The four-door station wagon was added to both the Meteor and Meteor Custom series. In the Meteor Custom series the station wagon was referred to as the Mercury Country Cruise and featured simulated wood-grain trim on the exterior. The hardtop coupe was added to the Meteor Custom and Meteor S-33 series. The hardtop coupe replaced the two-door sedan in the Meteor S-33 series, as had the Fairlane sports coupe.

The base Meteor engine was a 170 cubic inch, inline six-cylinder engine with a one-barrel carburetor 101 horsepower (75 kW) @ 4000 rpm. Optional engines included a 221 cubic inch V-8 with a two-barrel carburetor that generated 145 horsepower (108 kW) and a 260 cubic inch V-8 with a two-barrel carburetor that generated 164 horsepower (122 kW). A three-speed manual transmission was standard. Overdrive and Merc-O-Matic automatic transmissions were options. A four-speed manual transmission became an option for 1963.

Sales of the mid-sized Mercury Meteor were less than expected and the model was discontinued at the end of the 1963 model year.

References

1. Odin, L.C. A concise guide to the Ford and Mercury full-size automobile production 1969-1978. Belvedere Publishing, 2016. ASIN: B01HE91Y4K.

• Gunnell, John, Editor (1987). The Standard Catalog of American Cars 1946–1975. Kraus Publications. ISBN 0-87341-096-3.

External links

Media related to Mercury Meteor at Wikimedia Commons