Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation
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The Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation (Spanish: Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación (SCJN) is the supreme court of Mexico and the head of the judicial branch of the Mexican federal government. It consists of eleven judges, known as ministers, one of whom is designated the court's president.
Judges of the SCJN are appointed for 15 years.[1] They are confirmed by the Senate from a list proposed by the President of the Republic. From among their number, the ministers elect the President of the Court to serve a four-year period; a given minister may serve more than one term as president, but not in consecutive periods.
Supreme Court building
The court itself is located just off the main plaza of Mexico City on the corners of Pino Suarez and Carranza Streets. It was built between 1935 and 1941 by Antonio Muñoz Garcia. Prior to the Conquest, this site was reserved for the ritual known as "Dance of the Flyers" which is still practiced today in Papantla. Hernán Cortés claimed the property after the Conquest and its ownership was in dispute during much of the colonial period with Cortes' heirs, the city government, and the Royal and Pontifical University all claiming rights. It was also the site of a very large market known as El Volador.[2]
The interior of the building contains four panels painted in 1941 by José Clemente Orozco, two of which are named "The Social Labor Movement" and "National Wealth." There is also one mural done by American artist George Biddle entitled "War and Peace" at the entrance to the library.[2] The building also contains a mural by Rafael Cauduro, which "graphically illustrates the Gran Guignol of Mexican torture",[3] and includes a depiction of the 1968 Tlatelolco massacre as well as "a cut-away of a prison, perhaps the infamous Lecumberri Black Palace where the student leaders who escaped death were jailed."[3]
While this building is still the main home of the Court, an alternative site on Avenida Revolución was established in 2002.[4]
Current composition
Title | Name | Born | Appt. By | Senate Conf. vote | Age at appt. | Elected / Length of service |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
President | Aguilar Morales, Luis MaríaLuis María Aguilar Morales | 4 November 1949 (age 67) in Mexico City |
Calderón, FelipeFelipe Calderón | 91 | 60 | 1 December 2009 7 years |
Minister | Silva Meza, Juan N.Juan N. Silva Meza | 13 September 1944 (age 72) in Mexico City |
Zedillo, ErnestoErnesto Zedillo | 112 | 50 | 26 January 1995 21 years, 10 months |
Minister | Gutiérrez Ortiz Mena, AlfredoAlfredo Gutiérrez Ortiz Mena | 14 October 1969 (age 47) in Cuernavaca, Morelos |
Calderón, FelipeFelipe Calderón | 103 | 41 | 1 December 2012 4 years |
Minister | Sánchez Cordero, OlgaOlga Sánchez Cordero | 1955 in Mexico City |
Zedillo, ErnestoErnesto Zedillo | 40 | 26 January 1995 21 years, 10 months | |
Minister | Pérez Dayán, AlbertoAlberto Pérez Dayán | 13 December 1960 (age 56) in Mexico City |
Calderón, FelipeFelipe Calderón | 104 | 51 | 3 December 2012 4 years |
Minister | Cossío Díaz, José RamónJosé Ramón Cossío Díaz | 26 December 1960 (age 55) in Mexico City |
Fox, VicenteVicente Fox | 84 | 42 | 12 December 2003 13 years |
Minister | Luna Ramos, MargaritaMargarita Luna Ramos | 4 January 1956 (age 60) in San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas |
Fox, VicenteVicente Fox | 83 | 48 | 19 February 2004 12 years, 9 months |
Minister | Franco González Salas, José FernandoJosé Fernando Franco González Salas | 4 December 1950 (age 66) in Mexico City |
Fox, VicenteVicente Fox | 94 | 56 | 12 December 2006 10 years |
Minister | Zaldívar Lelo de Larrea, ArturoArturo Zaldívar Lelo de Larrea | 9 August 1959 (age 57) in Querétaro, Querétaro |
Calderón, FelipeFelipe Calderón | 90 | 50 | 1 December 2009 7 years |
Minister | Pardo Rebolledo, Jorge MarioJorge Mario Pardo Rebolledo | 1 February 1961 (age 55) in Xalapa, Veracruz |
Calderón, FelipeFelipe Calderón | 91 | 50 | 10 February 2011 5 years, 10 months |
Minister | Medina-Mora Icaza, EduardoEduardo Medina-Mora Icaza | 30 January 1957 (age 59) in Mexico City |
Peña Nieto, EnriqueEnrique Peña Nieto | 83 | 58 | 10 March 2015 1 year, 9 months |
Presidents
The following have held the position of president of the court ("Presidente de la Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación") under the 1917 Constitution:
- 1917–1919: Enrique M. del Río
- 1919–1920: Ernesto Garza Pérez
- 1920–1922: Enrique Moreno Pérez
- 1922–1923: Gustavo A. Vicencio
- 1923–1924: Francisco Modesto Ramírez
- 1924–1925: Gustavo A. Vicencio
- 1925–1927: Manuel Padilla
- 1927–1928: Francisco Díaz Lombardo
- 1928–1929: Jesús Guzmán Vaca
- 1929–1933: Julio García
- 1934: Francisco H. Ruiz
- 1934–1940: Daniel V. Valencia
- 1941–1951: Salvador Urbina
- 1952: Roque Estrada Reynoso
- 1953: Hilario Medina
- 1954: José María Ortiz Tirado
- 1955–1956: Vicente Santos Guajardo
- 1957: Hilario Medina
- 1958: Agapito Pozo Balbás
- 1959–1964: Alfonso Guzmán Neyra
- 1965–1968: Agapito Pozo Balbás
- 1969–1973: Alfonso Guzmán Neyra
- 1974–1975: Euquerio Guerrero López
- 1976: Mario G. Rebolledo Fernández
- 1977–1981: Agustín Téllez Cruces
- 1982: Mario G. Rebolledo Fernández
- 1982–1985: Jorge Iñárritu y Ramírez de Aguilar
- 1986–1990: Carlos del Río Rodríguez
- 1991–1994: Ulises Schmill Ordóñez
- 1995–1999: José Vicente Aguinaco Alemán
- 1999–2002: Genaro David Góngora Pimentel
- 2002–2006: Mariano Azuela Güitrón
- 2007–2011: Guillermo Ortiz Mayagoitia
- 2011–2014: Juan N. Silva Meza
- 2015–incumbent: Luis María Aguilar Morales
Ministers
The following have held the position of minister ("Ministro de la Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación") under the 1917 Constitution:
- 1917–1919:
- 1919–1920:
- 1920–1922:
- 1922–1923:
- 1923–1924:
- 1924–1925:
- 1925–1927:
- 1927–1928:
References
- ↑ Article 94 Mexican Constitution
- 1 2 Galindo, Carmen; Magdalena Galindo (2002). Mexico City Historic Center. Mexico City: Ediciones Nueva Guia. p. 60. ISBN 968-5437-29-7.
- 1 2 John Ross, CounterPunch, 16 July 2010, In the Basement of Mexican Justice, No One is Innocent
- ↑ "¿Qué es la Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación y dónde se ubica?" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 28 February 2009. Retrieved 2009-03-24.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación (México). |
- (Spanish) Official site
Coordinates: 19°25′52.01″N 99°7′55.58″W / 19.4311139°N 99.1321056°W