Modern equipment of the Turkish Land Forces

Modern equipment of the Turkish Land Forces

Infantry weapons

Handguns

Model	Image	Caliber	Origin	Details
M1911[1]		.45 ACP	United States	M1911A1 variant used by Special Forces Command.
P229[2]		.40 S&W	Switzerland	P229R variant used by Special Forces Command.
Kılınç 2000[3]		9×19mm Parabellum	Czech Republic  Turkey	Secondary service pistol. Turkish-made copy of CZ 75.
Yavuz 16[3]		9×19mm Parabellum	Italy  Turkey	Primary service pistol. Turkish-made copy of Beretta 92F.

Shotguns

Model	Image	Caliber	Origin	Details
M204[4]		12 Gauge	Turkey	Primary service shotgun.
M212[4]		12 Gauge	Turkey	Secondary service shotgun.
MKA 1919[5]		12 Gauge	Turkey	Used by Special Forces Command.

Submachine Guns and Personal Defence Weapons

Model	Image	Caliber	Origin	Details
MP5[3]		9×19mm Parabellum	West Germany  Turkey	Primary service SMG. MP5A4, MP5A5 MP5SD6, MP5K variants are in use. Produced under license by MKEK.
P90[6]		FN 5.7×28mm	Belgium	Used by Special Forces Command.
Uzi[7]		9×19mm Parabellum	Israel	Used by Special Forces Command.

Assault and Battle Rifles

Model	Image	Caliber	Origin	Details
AK-47[8]		7.62×39mm M43	Soviet Union  East Germany	Bought from ex-GDR stockpile after German unification.[9] In limited service. Some captured from PKK.
AKM[8]		7.62×39mm M43	Soviet Union  East Germany	Bought from ex-GDR stockpile after German unification.[9] In limited service. Some captured from PKK.
AUG[10]		5.56×45mm NATO	Austria	AUG A2 variant in use by Special Forces Command.
G3[3]		7.62×51mm NATO	West Germany  Turkey	Primary service/battle rifle. G3A7 and G3A7A1 variants in use. Produced under license by MKEK. Being replaced by MPT-76.
HK33E[3]		5.56×45mm NATO	West Germany  Turkey	Primary assault rifle. Produced under license by MKEK.
HK416[3]		5.56×45mm NATO	Germany  Turkey	Used by Special Forces Command. Produced under license by MKEK.
M1 Garand[11]		.30-06 Springfield	United States	Used as ceremonial rifle.
M4A1[3]		5.56×45mm NATO	United States  Turkey	Secondary assault rifle. Produced under license by Sarsılmaz Arms.
M16[3]		5.56×45mm NATO	United States	M16A1/A2/A4 variants are in use by Special Forces Command.
MPT-76[12]		7.62×51mm NATO	Turkey	New primary service rifle.
SCAR[13]		7.62×51mm NATO	Belgium  United States	SCAR-H variant in use by Special Forces Command.
TAR-21[14][15]		5.56×45mm NATO	Israel	In use by Special Forces Command.

Sniper & Anti-Material Rifles

Model	Image	Caliber	Origin	Details
Arctic Warfare[3]		.338 Lapua Magnum	United Kingdom	AWM variant in use by Special Forces Command.
Intervention[16]		.408 Chey Tac	United States	M-310 variant in use by Special Forces Command.
İstiklal[17]		12.7×108mm	Azerbaijan  Turkey	Mubariz variant in use by Special Forces Command.
JNG-90[3]		7.62×51mm NATO	Turkey	Standard issue sniper rifle.
KNT-308[3]		7.62×51mm NATO	Turkey	Limited usage.
M82 [18]		50 BMG	United States	M82A1 variant in use by Special Forces Command.
MSG-90[3]		7.62×51mm NATO	West Germany	MSG90 variant in limited use.
SR-25[19]		7.62×51mm NATO	United States	Mk 11 Mod 0 variant in limited use.
SVD[3]		7.62×54mmR	Russia	Standard issue DMR. Mostly captured from PKK.
TRG[3]		.338 Lapua Magnum	Finland	TRG-42 variant in limited use.

Machine Guns

Model	Image	Caliber	Origin	Details
M2[3]		.50 BMG	United States	Standard Issue HMG
M60[3]		7.62×51mm NATO	United States	M60E3 variant in limited use.
MAG[20]		7.62×51mm NATO	Belgium	MAG 60.20 variant in limited use.
MG3[3]		7.62×51mm NATO	West Germany  Turkey	Standard issue LMG. Produced in license by MKEK.
MINIMI[3]		5.56×45mm NATO	Belgium	Standard variant in use by Special Operations Command.
PKM[3]		7.62×54mmR	Soviet Union  East Germany	Bought from ex-GDR stockpile after German unification.[9] Secondary standard issue LMG. Some captured from PKK.

Anti-Tank Weapons

Model	Image	Type	Origin	Details
9M113 Konkurs[21]		Wire-guided missile	Soviet Union	490 launchers.[22]
9M133 Kornet[23][24]		Beam riding	Russia	80 launchers with 800 missiles.[22]
BGM-71 TOW[3]		Wire-guided missile	United States	465+ launchers.[22]
Carl Gustav[3]		recoilless rifle	Sweden	In limited use.
Cirit[25]		Laser-guided	Turkey	Standard issue air-to-ground guided missile with armour-piercing, incendiary and anti-personnel capabilities.
ERYX[3]		Wire-guided missile	France  Turkey	632 launchers, 3920 missiles in service. Produced under license by MKEK.
M72 LAW[3]		one-shot unguided	United States  Turkey	Standard issue portable AT weapon. 40,000+ units.[22] Produced under license by MKEK.
M40[3]		recoilless rifle	United States	2,500+ M40A1.[22]
Mızrak-O[26]		Laser-guided	Turkey	Standard issue mid-range surface-to-surface AT missile.
Mızrak-U[26]		Laser-guided	Turkey	Standard issue long-range multi-platform AT missile.
MILAN[3]		Wire-guided missile	France  Turkey	685+ launchers with 25,250+ missiles.[22] Produced by Roketsan.
RPG-7[27]		rocket-propelled grenade	Soviet Union  East Germany	Bought from ex-GDR stockpile after German unification.[9] 5,000+ units.[22] Some captured from PKK.

Grenade Launchers

Model	Image	Origin	Details
AG36[4]		Germany	In use with HK416.
M79[8]		United States	In limited use.
M203[3]		United States	In use with M16 and M4 rifles.
MGL[3]		South Africa  Turkey	Standard issue automatic grenade launcher. Produced by MKEK.
Mk 19[28]		United States  Turkey	Standard issue stationary grenade launcher. Produced by MKEK.
T-40[3]		Turkey	Standard issue underbarrel grenade launcher.

MANPADS

Model	Image	Origin	Details
FIM-92 Stinger[23]		United States  Turkey	Standard issue MANPADS. 4,500+ units. Produced under license by Roketsan.
9K38 Igla[3]		Soviet Union	40 SA-18 variant launchers bought for evaluation.

Grenades & Mines

• AN/M14^[29]
• Claymore^[29]
• M14^[30]
• M15^[31]
• M19^[9]
• M21^[31]
• M67^[29]
• Mk 2^[32]

Mortars

• HY-12^[3]
• K6^[3]
• M19^[3]
• M29^[3]
• M30^[3]
• M65^[3]

Protective gear

Model	Image	Origin	Type	Details
M1 helmet[33]		United States  Turkey	Combat helmet	Used as ceremonial helmet. Local production.
MICH[34]		United States  Turkey	Combat helmet	Standard issue helmet. Local production.
PASGT[35][36]		United States  Turkey	Combat helmet	Secondary standard issue helmet. Local production.
Stahlhelm[37]		East Germany	Combat helmet	Only used in training. Bought from East German surplus.
Type III and Type IIIA ballistic vests[38][39]		Turkey	Ballistic vest	Standard issue in combat zones and on duty personnel. With varying versions.

Vehicles

Tanks

Model	Image	Origin	Type	Variant	Number	Details
Altay		Turkey	Main Battle Tank		4 (prototypes)[40]	Serial production to start in 2017 with the first batch consisting of 250 units and estimated to cost $2B. Three more similar batches are expected to be ordered.[41]
Leopard 1		West Germany  Turkey	Main Battle Tank	1T A3 Total	170[42] 227 397[43]	Under an agreement signed in Bonn in November 1980, Turkey would obtain a first batch of 77 tanks by 1983. A further 150 were delivered by the end of 1991, and the last units were received by the end of 1994.[44] In 2002 Turkey reached an agreement with ASELSAN Corporation to upgrade the Leopard 1 tanks, prolonging their service life by another 20 years.[45] This modernization ended suddenly in 2009 as a result of the Financial crisis of 2008 and only 170 units were modernized.[42]
Leopard 2		West Germany  Turkey	Main Battle Tank	NG A4 Total	1 353 354[3][23]	Bought from the German Bundeswehr in 2005.[46][47] All modernized by ASELSAN.[48]
M48 Patton		United States  Turkey	Main Battle Tank	A5T2	758[49]	The M48 was by far the most fielded tank of the Turkish Armed Forces with 3,008 units active during the Cold War, with the runner-up being the M47 Patton of which Turkey fielded 1,347.[50] All modernized.[51]
M60 Patton		United States  Israel	Main Battle Tank	Sabra A3 TTS A1 Total	170 658[49] 104 932[23]	Obtained through conventional forces in Europe treaty 1991. Some upgraded to 'Sabra' by Israeli Military Industries. Contract was signed on March 29, 2002, estimated to be worth $688 million USD.[52] 1 tank fell of a cliff killing one crew member and another got damaged in sirnak leaving the crew wounded but destroying the tank.[53][54] Two tank destroyed by ISIS[55] Another Turkish M60T (Sabra Mk.II) destroyed near Tall Hawa village with ATGM (10.09.2016).[56]

Armored Vehicles

Model	Image	Origin	Type	Variant	Number	Details
ACV-15		United States  Turkey	IFV APC TD	ACV-AIFV ACV-AAPC ACV-ATV ACV-AMV Total	649 1,380 48 170 2,247	ACV-15 is license built copy of the American AIFV[57]
Akrep	[58]	Turkey	Armored Car		370[3]	In 1994 Turkey's first indigenous armored car entered production;[59] The army suspended its procurement of Akreps in favor of Otokar Cobra.
BTR-80		Soviet Union  Turkey	Armored Personnel Carrier		535[23]	Bought from Russian stockpile between 1993 and 1999.[60] BTR-80M variant in use. All modernized.
Cobra		Turkey	MRAP	Cobra I Cobra II	1,200[3]	Its suspension / wheel base is based on the American HMMWV which led some to mistakenly claim that Turkey actually uses the HMMWV as one of its utility vehicles.[61]
Ejder		Turkey	MRAP	Yalçın 4x4	50[62]
Kirpi		Turkey	MRAP		420 (+48)[63]	Based on the Israeli Hatehof Navigator.[64]
M113		United States  Turkey	Armored Personnel Carrier	M113A3T1/T2 M125A M106A M113TOW Total	3,161 10 179 156 3,506[23]	187 units bought from Germany's stock in 1993.[65] In use with some local variants. All modernized.
ZPT		Turkey	Armored Car		1381[3]	After the cancellation of Akrep, Otokar started to produce cheaper alternative for the law enforcement agencies and the army. ZPT is based on Shorland S-55.

Rockets & Artillery

Model	Image	Origin	Type	Variant	Number	Details
ACV-15		Turkey	81mm SP mortar	AMV-81	170[66]
J-600T Yıldırım		China  Turkey  Germany	TBM		20	Based on Chinese B-611. 100 missiles in stock.[3] They are launched from the German MAN 26.372[3] trucks.
M44		United States  Turkey  West Germany	155mm SP howitzer	M44T	164[3]	The first artillery system to be modernized by Turkey, with the help of West Germany, starting in 1987 and ending in 1992. In total 222 units were modernized but by the mid 2000s Turkey placed these systems into reserve. As the numbers of the new T-155 Fırtına continued to grow the M44T were slowly removed from storage and scrapped.[67]
M52		United States  Turkey  Germany	105mm SP howitzer	M52T	362[3]	Originally obtained from the US during the 1950s, by the 1990s the system became woefully obsolete so in 1995 Turkey began a modernization program which saw the SPG get a new turret, digital command and fire control, German 155-mm / L39 gun which replaced the original 105-mm gun, and a new more powerful German diesel engine replacing the original fuel guzzling petrol engine.[68]
M101		United States	105mm howitzer	M101A1	75[23]
M107		United States	175mm SP gun		36[3]
M108		United States  Turkey	105mm SP howitzer	M108T	26[23]	Though modernized in the 80s, in 2014 all units were withdrawn from service into storage and will likely be scrapped as soon as the new batch of T-155 Fırtına is produced.[29]
M109		United States	155mm SP howitzer		1	Bought for evaluation.
M110		United States	203mm SP gun	M110A2	219[23]
M114		United States	155mm howitzer	M114A2	535[3]
M115		United States	203mm howitzer		162[3]
M116		United States	75mm howitzer		?[3]
M270		United States	Multiple Rocket Launcher	M270A1	12[3]	In 1992 Turkey purchased 12 units from US. Later during the mid 90s further 24 units were requested but under the condition that they and the rockets were to be produced in Turkey. US refused and no further acquisition followed.[69]
MGM-140 ATACMS		United States	SRBM		72	with 120 missiles in stock.[70][71]
T-107		China  Turkey	Multiple Rocket Launcher		100+[3]	Is a license built copy of the Chinese Type 63 MRL.
T-122 Sakarya		Turkey  Germany	Multiple Rocket Launcher		130+[3]	Development for the T-122 Sakarya began in 1995 with mass production commencing in 1997. It's a Turkish version of the Soviet BM-21 MRL with modern fire control and range that Turks doubled to 40 km.[72] The German contribution was the MAN 26.372[3] truck on which the system rests.
T-155 Fırtına		Turkey  South Korea	155mm SP howitzer		274[3] (+70)	Turkey in partnership with South Korea was able to create an indigenous self-propelled howitzer, with production starting in 2001 and an order for 350 units.[73] They will eventually replace all M44T, M107, M108, M109. ISIS destroyed 3 Turkish Army T-155 Fırtına self-propelled howitzer near Karkamis town of Gaziantep[74]
T-300 Kasırga		China  Turkey  Germany	Multiple Rocket Launcher		80[3]	Based on the WS-1B variant of the Chinese Weishi Rockets family that Turkey purchased the license to produce in the 1997 after America refused to sell the license to produce the M270,[69] installed on the German MAN 26.372 trucks.[3]
RA-7040		Turkey	Multiple Rocket Launcher		24[3]	The RA-7040 was the first indigenously design MLR system development for which started in 1980. It can fire up to 40 70mm rockets which come in 4 different types: anti-personnel HE, anti-personnel flechette, ant-armor, and smoke. By 1983 24 units were delivered and field tests commenced, however, the results proved disappointing with the weapon system struggling to destroy anything beyond 7 km - about the range of a heavy 120mm mortar.[75] All units are in storage since 2005 after being replaced by T-122 Sakarya.
Panter		Turkey	155mm howitzer		225[3](+175)	Turkey has spent an extensive amount of money modernizing the American artillery pieces but by the late 1980s an assessment on modern warfare requirements concluded that Turkey no longer could compete with artillery of other countries on an equal footing. So in the mid 1990s, Turkey developed a new 155mm howitzer - The Panther - which entered serial production in 2002.

Anti-Aircraft

Model	Image	Origin	Type	Number	Details
ACV-30 Korkut		Turkey	SPAAG	1	Designed to replace the aging M42A1 Dusters. 40 Systems (each consisting of 1 command and control vehicle and 3 weapons platform vehicles) are on order. Deliveries are scheduled to be completed in 2022[76]
Atılgan PMADS		Turkey  United States	Short Range Air Defense	150[3]	Mounted on M113 APCs.
Bofors 40 mm		Sweden  Turkey	Towed AA	803[3][23]	Wartime L60 and post-war L70, some upgraded with radar system capabilities.
M42A1 Duster		United States	SPAAG	262[3][23]	In storage.
M45 Quadmount		United States	AA Gun	160[3]	Used as ground support gun.
Oerlikon 20 mm		Switzerland  Turkey	AA Gun	439[23]	Produced under license.
Oerlikon 35 mm		Switzerland  Turkey	Towed AA	120[3][23]	Produced under license.
Rheinmetall 20 mm		West Germany  Turkey	AA Gun	432[3][23]	Produced under license.
Zıpkın PMADS		Turkey  United Kingdom	Short Range Air Defense	80[3]	Mounted on Range Rover Defenders.

Engineering Vehicles

Model	Image	Origin	Type	Number	Details
AZMİM		Turkey  United States	Armored bulldozer	x[77]	A Turkish license built copy of the American M9 ACE.[78]
Bozena 5		Slovakia	Demining vehicle	x[79]	x[80]
Husky VMMD		South Africa	Demining vehicle	10[81]
Leguan		West Germany	Armoured vehicle-launched bridge	36[3][23]	Bought from the German Bundeswehr in 2008.[82]
M48A5T5 Tamay		United States  Turkey	Armored recovery vehicle	105[3][23]	On M48 Patton chassis.
M88A1		United States	Armored recovery vehicle	33[3][23]	On M60 Patton chassis.
SYHK		Turkey  Germany	Amphibious bridging vehicle	x[83]	Based on M3 Amphibious Rig.

Utility Vehicles

Model	Image	Origin	Number	Details
CJ-3B		United States  Turkey	x[84][85]	Produced under license.
Defender		United Kingdom  Turkey	9,800[3]	Produced under license.
Engerek		Turkey	2,550 [3]	Based on Land Rover Defender 110.
M151		United States	x[86]	Bought from US surplus.
Wrangler		United States  Turkey	5,700[3]	Produced under license.

Cargo Vehicles

Model	Image	Origin	Type	Number	Details
BMC 185-09		Turkey	Medium Truck (2,500 kg)	706[3]
BMC 235-16		Turkey	Heavy Truck (5,000 kg)	282[3]
BMC 380-26		Turkey	Heavy Truck (10,000 kg)	403[3]
BMC Fatih 280		Turkey	Heavy Truck (8,000 kg)	575[22]
HEMTT		United States	Very Heavy Truck (12,000 kg)	80[22][87]
M939		United States	Heavy Truck (5,000 kg)	x[88]
Mercedes Actros		Germany  Turkey	Truck Tractor	380[22]	Produced by Mercedes-Benz Türk.
Mercedes Axor		Germany  Turkey	Truck Tractor	140[22]	Produced by Mercedes-Benz Türk.
Mercedes NG		West Germany  Turkey	Truck Tractor		Produced by Mercedes-Benz Türk.
Mercedes Unimog		West Germany  Turkey	Medium Truck (2,500 kg)	5,500[29][89]	Produced by Mercedes-Benz Türk.
PLS		United States	Very Heavy Truck (16,500 kg)	x[90]

Radar Systems

Model	Image	Origin	Type	Details
ACAR[91]		Turkey	Ground Surveillance Radar
AN/MPQ-64		United States  Turkey	Mobile Radar	Produced under license by Aselsan[92]
AN/TPQ-36		United States  Turkey	Mobile Radar	Produced under license by Aselsan[93]
AN/TPQ-37		United States  Turkey	Mobile Radar	Produced under license by Aselsan[94]
EL/M-2226[95]		Denmark	Mobile Radar
KALKAN[94]		Turkey	Mobile Radar
SERHAT[96]		Turkey	Counter-Mortar Radar
Skyguard[97]		Switzerland	Pulse doppler search & tracking radar.	Issued with AA guns.

Aircraft

Unmanned Aircraft Vehicles

Model	Image	Origin	Number	Details
Anka[23]		Turkey	5	Block A and Block B variants in use.
Bayraktar Mini[3]		Turkey	148	Standart recon UAV. Block A and Block B variants in use.
Bayraktar Tactical[98]		Turkey	12	Block A and Block B variants in use.
CL-89[23]		West Germany  United Kingdom	x	Being replaced by local produced units.
Firebee[23]		United States	x	Used in AA target trainings.
GNAT[23]		United States	22	Being replaced by local produced units.
Harpy[23]		Israel	x	Being replaced by local produced units.
Heron[99]		Israel  Turkey	10	In use with upgraded FLIR by Aselsan.
Malazgirt[3]		Turkey	4	Bought for evaluation.

Helicopters

Model	Image	Origin	Type	Number	Details
205 JetRanger[100]		United States  Italy	Utility helicopter	69
AH-1 P/S/W Cobra[100]		United States  Turkey	Attack helicopter	55	AH-1F variant in use. Being replaced by T-129. All modernized.
AS532 Cougar[100]		France  Turkey	Utility helicopter	27	AS532UL MkII variant in use. All modernized.
CH-47 Chinook[100][101]		United States	Transport helicopter	6[102]	5 more on order.[102]
OH-58 Kiowa[100]		United States	Observation helicopter	3	OH-58C variant in use.
T/S-70 Black Hawk[100]		United States  Turkey	Utility helicopter	58	T-70 variant in use. 50+ more on order. Produced by TAI.
T-129 ATAK[100]		Italy  Turkey	Attack helicopter	15[103]	Total of 50 on order. Produced by TAI.
UH-1H Iroquois[100]		United States  Turkey	Utility helicopter	86	UH-1H variant in use. Being replaced by T-70. All modernized.

Fixed Wing Aircraft

Model	Image	Origin	Type	Number	Details
Super King Air 200[100]		United States  Turkey	Utility aircraft	6	B200C variant in use. All modernized.

Future procurements

Name	Type	Quantity	Notes
National Infantry Rifle Project	Battle and assault rifle	600,000[104]	All G3 and HK33 rifles will be replaced with MPT in next 10 years.[105] Serial production began in 2015.[106] The initial phase of the project will see a total of 35,014 MPT-76's being produced in two tranches. The first tranche of the initial phase, consisting of 20,000 rifles was contracted to state-owned company Machines and Chemical Industries Board (MKEK) in June 2015. The second tranche, consisting of 15,014 rifles, was contracted with local company Kalekalip in December 2015.[107]
Modern National Machine Gun Project	General-purpose machine gun	TBD	MKEK and Kalekalıp won the project.[108] First batch will be delivered in 2015.[109] Machine gun will use 7.62mm.[110]
Utility Helicopter Programme	Utility helicopter	109~300[111]	A version of AgustaWestland AW149 named TUHP149, and the Turkish T-70 version of the S-70i Black Hawk, were candidates for the programme which worth $4 billion.[111] On 21 April 2011 the Turkish defence minister announced that the Sikorsky T-70 Black Hawk had been declared the winner.[112]
Indigenous Helicopter Project	Utility helicopter	TBD	Under Development by TAI.[113][114]
Heavy Lift Helicopter Programme	Transport helicopter	11[115]	CH-47F's ordered. 5 to Land Forces Command, 1 to Special Forces Command,[115] expected to be produced by 2016.[116]
T-LORAMIDS	Missile defence/air defence system	12[117]	FD-2000 Selected over competing U.S., Russian, and European systems.[118][119] Cancelled in favor of a domestically produced initiative.[120]
Next Gen APC	Armored Personnel Carrier	TBD	A competition exists between Turkeys two largest arms producers in winning the contract to supply Turkey's next generation APC which is intended to replace all of the BTR-80 and M113s. The FNSS Defence Systems is offering the Pars[23] while the Otokar Corporation is offering the Arma.[23] The results of the competitions will be announced in 2016, however, Azerbaijan has already demonstrated interest in the Arma which may sway the final ruling in Otokar's favor.
Special Purpose Tactical Wheeled Armored Vehicles Procurement Project	CBRN armored vehicle	428	Procurement of Special Purpose Tactical Wheeled Armored Vehicles and related mission equipment for tactical reconnaissance, surveillance and CBRN (Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear) reconnaissance missions of Turkish Land Forces.[121]
Armoured Amphibious Assault Vehicle Project	Amphibious Assault Vehicle	27	Main function is Amphibious Operation. To transport troops from ship to shore through rough water and the surf zone and onto land where it can continue on to inland objectives.[122]
Anti-Tank Vehicle Project	Tank destroyer	260	Anti-Tank Vehicles will be indigenously developed in order to carry the new generation antitank missile systems currently in service of TLFC and also for those to be acquired by the SSM Project of OMTAS.[123]

See also

• Military equipment of Turkey
• List of modern weapons of the Turkish Air Force
• Equipment of the Turkish Naval Forces
• Equipment of the Turkish Gendarmerie
• Equipment of the Turkish Coast Guard

References

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External links

• See the Turkish Government, Undersecretariat for Defense Industries website for an official list of Turkish military procurement projects.