Monica Toft

Monica Duffy Toft is an American international relations scholar. Her research interests include international security, ethnic and religious violence, civil wars, and the relationship between demography and national security. Since 2012 she holds the position of Professor of Government and Public Policy at Oxford University's Blavatnik School of Government.^[1]

Life and career

Education

Toft graduated from the U.S. Army's Defense Language Institute in 1984 with highest honours. She then completed the Associate of Arts General Curriculum of the University of Maryland's European Division in 1987. In 1990 Toft graduated summa cum laude with a B.A. in political science and Slavic languages and literature from the University of California Santa Barbara. She went on to Chicago University where she completed both an M.A. (1992) and a Ph.D. (1998) in political science.^[2] The title of her doctoral dissertation was The Geography of Ethnic Conflict.

Career

Toft's professional career began in the U.S. Army where she worked as a Russian linguist from 1983 to 1987. In 2004, and after completing her doctoral studies, Toft joined the Harvard Kennedy School as an Associate Professor of Public Policy and Director of the Initiative on Religion in International Affairs. From 1999 to 2006 she was also assistant director of Harvard's John M. Olin Institute for Strategic Studies.^[3] In September 2012 Toft joined the faculty of the Blavatnik School of Government at the University of Oxford as a Professor of Government and Public Policy.

Toft is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations, the Minorities at Risk Advisory Board, and the Political Instability Task Force. Her work has been recognised through numerous awards, grants and fellowships, including being named Carnegie Scholar by the Carnegie Foundation of New York for her research on religion and violence in 2008, and a Fulbright Scholarship to Norway in 2012.^[2]

Personal

Toft is married to Ivan Arreguín-Toft,^[4] also a scholar of international security and strategic studies and an Assistant Professor of International Relations at Boston University.^[5]

Books

• Political Demography: How Population Changes Are Reshaping International Security and National Politics (with Jack Goldstone and Eric Kaufmann, Oxford, 2012)^[6]
• Rethinking Religion in World Affairs (with Alfred Stepan and Timothy Shah, Oxford, 2012)^[7]
• God’s Century: Resurgent Religion and Global Politics (with Daniel Philpott and Timothy Shah, Norton, 2011)^[8]
• Securing the Peace: The Durable Settlement of Civil Wars (Princeton, 2010)^[9]
• The Fog of Peace and War Planning: Military and Strategic Planning under Uncertainty (with Talbot Imlay, Routledge, 2006)^[10]
• The Geography of Ethnic Violence: Identity, Interests, and the Indivisibility of Territory (Princeton, 2003)^[4]

Other academic publications

• "Grounds for War: The Evolution of Territorial Conflict," International Security 38, issue 3, Winter 2013/2014.
• "Denial and Punishment in the North Caucasus: Evaluating the Effectiveness of Coercive Counterinsurgency," with Yuri Zhukov, Journal of Peace Research, November 2012.^[11]
• “Self-Determination, Secession and Civil War,” Terrorism and Political Violence, Summer 2012.^[12]
• “Demography and National Security: Population Shifts in Israel and the Implications for Policy,” International Area Studies Review, Vol. 15, No. 21 (March) 2012.^[13]
• “Correspondence on “Ending Civil Wars? A Case for Rebel Victory,”” International Security, Summer 2011.^[14]
• “Ending Civil Wars? A Case for Rebel Victory,” International Security, Spring 2010.^[15]
• “Promises and Pitfalls in the Spatial Prediction of Ethnic Violence: A Comment,” co-authored with Nils B. Wiedmann, Conflict Management and Peace Science, 2009.^[16]
• “Dynamics of Self-Determination,” with Stephen Saideman, Peace and Conflict 2010, Paradigm, 2009.
• “Power Shifts and Civil War: A Test of Power Transition Theory,” International Interactions, Vol. 33, No. 3 (July–September 2007).^[17]
• “Getting Religion? The Puzzling Case of Islam and Civil War,” International Security, Vol. 31, No. 4 (Spring 2007).^[18]
• “The Myth of the Borderless World: Refugees and Repatriation Policy,” Conflict Management and Peace Science, Vol. 24 (2007).^[19]
• “Religion, Civil War, and International Order,” Belfer Center Discussion Paper, August 2006.
• “Issue Divisibility and Time Horizons as Rationalist Explanations for War,” Security Studies, Vol. 15, No. 1 (January–March 2006).^[20]
• “The State of the Field: Demography and War,” ECSP Report, Issue 11, 2005.^[21]
• “Indivisible Territory, Geographic Concentration, and Ethnic War,” Security Studies, Winter 2002/03.^[22]
• “Differential Demographic Growth in Multinational States: The Case of Israel’s Two-Front War,” Review of International Affairs, Fall 2002.^[23]
• “Multinationality, Regions and State-Building: The Failed Transition in Georgia,” Regional and Federal Studies, Vol. 11, No. 3 (Autumn 2001).^[24]
• “The 1994 Russian Federal Budget Debate: Issues and Implications,” RAND Corporation, Policy Memorandum, September 1994.
• “Adoption as an Issue of Local Justice,” with David P. McIntyre, Archives Européennes de sociologie, Spring 1992.^[25]

References

1. "Monica Toft | Blavatnik School of Government". Bsg.ox.ac.uk. Retrieved 2014-03-25.
2. https://web.archive.org/web/20140331070946/http://www.bsg.ox.ac.uk/sites/blavatnik/files/documents/Toft%20c%20v%20%20Feb%202013.docx. Archived from the original on March 31, 2014. Retrieved February 8, 2014. Missing or empty |title= (help)
3. "Monica Duffy Toft". Berkleycenter.georgetown.edu. Retrieved 2014-03-25.
4. "Toft, M.D.: The Geography of Ethnic Violence: Identity, Interests, and the Indivisibility of Territory. (eBook and Paper)". Press.princeton.edu. 2014-01-14. Retrieved 2014-03-25.
5. "Ivan Arreguin-Toft » International Relations | Boston University". Bu.edu. Retrieved 2014-03-25.
6. "Political Demography - Paperback - Jack A. Goldstone; Eric P. Kaufmann - Oxford University Press". Global.oup.com. 2011-12-31. Retrieved 2014-03-25.
7. Rethinking Religion and World Affairs - Google Books. Books.google.co.uk. 2012-02-29. Retrieved 2014-03-25.
8. God's Century: Resurgent Religion and Global Politics - Monica Duffy Toft, Daniel Philpott, Timothy Samuel Shah - Google Books. Books.google.co.uk. Retrieved 2014-03-25.
9. Securing the Peace: The Durable Settlement of Civil Wars - Monica Duffy Toft - Google Books. Books.google.co.uk. Retrieved 2014-03-25.
10. The Fog of Peace and War Planning: Military and Strategic Planning Under ... - Google Books. Books.google.co.uk. 2007-01-24. Retrieved 2014-03-25.
11. "Denial and punishment in the North Caucasus". Jpr.sagepub.com. 2012-11-01. Retrieved 2014-03-25.
12. Toft, Monica Duffy (31 July 2012). "Self-Determination, Secession, and Civil War". Terrorism and Political Violence. Taylor & Francis. 24 (4): 581–600. doi:10.1080/09546553.2012.700617. Retrieved 29 September 2014.
13. Monica Duffy Toft (2012-03-01). "Demography and national security: The politics of population shifts in contemporary Israel". Ias.sagepub.com. Retrieved 2014-03-25.
14. Monica Duffy Toft. "International Security : Civil Was Settlements and the Prospects for Peace". Mitpressjournals.org. Retrieved 2015-02-26.
15. Monica Duffy Toft. "International Security : Ending Civil Wars : A Case for Rebel Victory?". Mitpressjournals.org. Retrieved 2015-02-26.
16. "Promises and Pitfalls in the Spatial Prediction of Ethnic Violence". Cmp.sagepub.com. 2010-04-01. Retrieved 2014-03-25.
17. Monica Duffy Toft. "International Interactions : Empirical and Theoretical Research in International Relations : Population Shifts and Civil War : A Test of Power". Tandfonline.com. Retrieved 2015-02-26.
18. Monica Duffy Toft. "International Security : Getting Reliigion ? The Puzzling Case of Islam and Civil War". Mitpressjournals.org. Retrieved 2015-02-26.
19. Monica Duffy Toft (2007-04-01). "The Myth of the Borderless World: Refugees and Repatriation Policy". Cmp.sagepub.com. Retrieved 2014-03-25.
20. Monica Duffy Toft. "Issue Indivisibility and Time Horizons as Rationalist Explanations for War". Tandfonline.com. Retrieved 2015-02-26.
21. Duffy, Monica. "The State of the Field: Demography and War". Wilson Center. Retrieved 2014-03-25.
22. Monica Duffy Toft. "Indivisible territory, geographic concentration, and ethnic war". andfonline.com. Retrieved 2015-02-26.
23. "Differential demographic growth in multinational states: Israel's two-front war. - Journal of International Affairs - Nbr. 561 - Author: Toft, Monica Duffy - Id 53093037 - vLex". Law-journals-books.vlex.com. Retrieved 2014-03-25.
24. Monica Duffy Toft. "Multinationality, Regions and State-Building : The Failed Transition in Georgia". Tandfonline.com. Retrieved 2015-02-26.
25. Monica Duffy Toft and David P. McIntyre. "Cambridge Journals Online - European Journal of Sociology / Archives Européennes de Sociologie - Abstract - Adoption as an issue of local justice". Journals.cambridge.org. Retrieved 2014-03-25.