Mohammed V of Morocco
| Mohammed V of Morocco | |
|---|---|
 | |
| King of Morocco | |
| Reign | 14 August 1957 – 26 February 1961 |
| Successor | Hassan II |
| Prime Ministers | |
| Sultan of Morocco | |
| Reign | 16 November 1955 – 14 August 1957 |
| Predecessor | Mohammed Ben Aarafa |
| Reign | 17 November 1927 – 20 August 1953 |
| Predecessor | Yusef |
| Successor | Mohammed Ben Aarafa |
| Born |
10 August 1909 Fes, Morocco |
| Died |
26 February 1961 (aged 51) Rabat, Morocco |
| Burial |
Royal Mausoleum, Rabat, Morocco |
| Spouse |
Lalla Hanila bint Mamoun Lalla Abla bint Tahar Lalla Bahia bint Antar |
| Issue |
Princess Fatima Zohra Hassan II Princess Aicha Princess Malika Prince Abdallah Princess Nuzha Princess Amina |
| House | Alaouite dynasty |
| Father | Yusef |
| Mother | Lalla Yaqut |
| Religion | Sunni Islam |
Mohammed V (10 August 1909 – 26 February 1961) (Arabic: محمد الخامس) was Sultan of Morocco from 1927–53, exiled from 1953–55, where he was again recognized as Sultan upon his return, and King from 1957 to 1961. His full name was Sidi Mohammed ben Yusef, or Son of (Sultan) Yusef, upon whose death he succeeded to the throne. He was a member of the Alaouite Dynasty.
On 20 August 1953, the French who were occupying Morocco at the time forced Mohammed V and his family into exile on Corsica. His uncle, Mohammed Ben Aarafa, was placed on the throne. Mohammed V and his family were then transferred to Madagascar in January 1954. Mohammed V returned from exile on 16 November 1955, and was again recognized as Sultan after active opposition to the French protectorate. In February 1956 he successfully negotiated with France for the independence of Morocco, and in 1957 took the title of King.
Holocaust
During the holocaust, the pro-Nazi Vichy Government of France controlled Morocco. In 1941, they attempted to enact laws that would discriminate against Moroccan Jews, setting quotas on the number of Jewish doctors and lawyers, ejecting students from French schools and forcing many Jews living in the European quarters to move to "Jewish areas".
Mohammed V told Jewish leaders that in his opinion Vichy laws singling out the Jews were inconsistent with Moroccan law. He believed that Jews should be treated equally with Muslims. He emphasized that the property and lives of the Moroccan Jews remained under his protection. "There are no Jews in Morocco. There are only subjects," the King was reported to have said. In a blatant show of defiance the King insisted on inviting all the rabbis of Morocco to the 1941 throne celebrations. Due to his strong stance, Vichy administrators were unable to implement their discriminatory laws and the Jewish community was saved.
Later on, in response to anti-Jewish rhetoric in the wake of the creation of the State of Israel, Mohammed V warned Muslims not to hurt Moroccan Jews, reminding them that Jews had always been protected in Morocco.[1]
On December 24, 2015 the KIVUNIM organization posthumously honored Mohammed V with the Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr. • Rabbi Abraham Joshua Heschel Award[2] for his opposition to the government and policies Vichy France attempted to impose on the kingdom.
Personal life
Mohammed V was one of the sons of Sultan Yusef, who was enthroned by the French in September 1912 and his wife Lalla Yaqut, who was of Turkish origin.[3]
His first wife was Lalla Hanila bint Mamoun.[4] She was the mother of his first daughter Lalla Fatima Zohra.
His second wife was his first cousin Lalla Abla bint Tahar (Arabic: لالا عبلة بنت طهار) (born 5 September 1909 – died 1 March 1992). She was the daughter of Moulay Mohammed Tahar bin Hassan, son of Hassan I of Morocco. She married Mohammed V in 1929 and died in Rabat on 1 March 1992. She gave birth to five children: the future King Hassan II, Lalla Aicha, Lalla Malika, Moulay Abdallah and Lalla Nuzha.[5]
His third wife was Lalla Bahia bint Antar, mother of his last daughter Lalla Amina.
Death
He died on 26 February 1961 following complications of a surgery he had undergone.[6]
Legacy
The Mohammed V International Airport and Stade Mohamed V of Casablanca are named after him, as well as numerous universities and various public spaces across Morocco. There is an Avenue Mohammed V in nearly every Moroccan city and a major one in Tunis, Tunisia.
In December 2007, The Jewish Daily Forward reported on a secret diplomatic initiative by the Moroccan government to have Mohammed V admitted to the Righteous Among the Nations.[7]
Honours
- Order of Blood of the Tunisian Republic
- Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour of the French Republic-1927
- Companion of the Order of Liberation of the French Republic-1945
- Chief Commander of the Legion of Merit of the United States-1945
- Grand Collar of the Order of the Yoke and Arrows of Francoist Spain-03/04/1956[8]
- Grand Collar of the Order of Idris I of the Kingdom of Libya-1956
- Collar of the Order of the Hashemites of the Kingdom of Iraq-1956
- Grand Cordon of the Order of Umayyad of Syria-1960
- Grand Cordon of the Order of Merit of Lebanon, special class-1960
- Collar of the Order of the Nile of the Republic of Egypt-1960
- Collar of the Order of al-Hussein bin Ali of Jordan-1960
- Grand Cordon of the King Abdulaziz Decoration of Saudi Arabia-1960
See also
- History of Morocco
- List of Kings of Morocco
- Mausoleum of Mohammed V
- Mohamed V Dam
- Mohammed V University
References
- ↑ judaism-islam.com http://www.judaism-islam.com/five-muslim-rulers-that-saved-jews/2/. Retrieved 2016-05-14. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ "KIVUNIM Convocation Honoring the Memory of King Mohammed V of Morocco". Kivunim. Retrieved 2016-10-26.
- ↑ Prince Moulay Hicham El Alaoui. Journal d'un Prince Banni: Demain le Maroc (Grasset ed.). 9 April 2014. ISBN 978-2-246-85166-0.
allait devenir la petite-fille préférée de Hassan II, le roi s’est émerveillé sans aucune gêne des yeux bleus de la nouveau-née. « Elle tient ça de son arrière-grand-mère turque », faisait-il remarquer en rappelant les yeux azur de la mère de Mohammed V
- ↑ zeyna.skyrock.com
- ↑ International Business Publications, Morocco Foreign Policy and Government Guide p. 84
- ↑ "Mohammed V of Morocco Dies at 51 After Surgery". New York Times. 26 February 1961. Retrieved 13 June 2008.
King Mohammed V died today after a minor operation. He was 51 years old and had occupied the throne since 1927
- ↑ An Arab King Righteous Among the Nations?. The Forward, 12 December 2007
- ↑ Boletín Oficial del Estado
- ↑ "''Royal Ark''". Royalark.net. Retrieved 3 February 2012.
- David Bensoussan, Il était une fois le Maroc : témoignages du passé judéo-marocain, éd. du Lys, www.editionsdulys.com, Montréal, 2010 (ISBN 2-922505-14-6); Second edition : www.iuniverse.com, Bloomington, IN, 2012, ISBN 978-1-4759-2608-8, 620p. ISBN 978-1-4759-2609-5 (ebook);
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mohammed V of Morocco. |
- History of Morocco (French)
| Regnal titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Yusef |
Sultan of Morocco 1927–1953 |
Succeeded by Mohammed Ben Aarafa |
| Preceded by Mohammed Ben Aarafa |
Sultan of Morocco 1955–1957 |
Succeeded by Himself as King |
| Preceded by Himself as Sultan |
King of Morocco 1957–1961 |
Succeeded by Hassan II |