Muzaffarids (Gujarat)

The Muzaffarid dynasty, sometimes referred as Ahmedabad dynasty, were sultans of Gujarat in western India from 1391 to 1583. The founder of the dynasty was Zafar Khan Muzaffar (later Muzaffar Shah I) who was governor of Gujarat under the Delhi Sultanate. Zafar Khan's father Sadharan, was a Tanka Rajput convert to Islam, adopted the name Wajih-ul-Mulk, and had given his sister in marriage to Firuz Shah Tughlaq. When the Sultanate was weakened by the sacking of Delhi by Timur in 1398, and Zafar Khan took the opportunity to establish himself as sultan of an independent Gujarat. His son, Ahmed Shah I established the capital at Ahmedabad.[1] The dynasty ruled for almost 200 years, until the conquest of Gujarat by the Mughal Empire in 1572.[2] The sultanate reached its peak of expansion under Mahmud Begada, reaching east into Malwa and west to the Gulf of Kutch.[3]

During the Muzaffarid rule, Ahmedabad grew to become one of the largest and wealthiest cities in the world, and the sultans were patrons of a distinctive architecture that blended Islamic elements with Gujarat's indigenous Hindu and Jain architectural traditions. Gujarat's Islamic architecture presages many of the architectural elements later found in Mughal architecture, including ornate mihrabs and minarets, jali (perforated screens carved in stone), and chattris (pavilions topped with cupolas).

Sultans of Gujarat Sultanate

Title/Name[4] Personal Name Reign
Shams-ud-Din Muzaffar Shah I
شمس الدین مظفر شاہ اول		 Zafar Khan 1391 - 1403 (1st Reign)
Nasir-ud-Din Muhammad Shah I
نصیر الدین محمد شاہ اول 		Tatar Khan 1403 - 1404
Shams-ud-Din Muzaffar Shah I
شمس الدین مظفر شاہ اول		 Zafar Khan 1404 - 1411 (2nd Reign)
Nasir-ud-Din Ahmad Shah I
ناصر الدین احمد شاہ اول		 Ahmad Khan 1411 - 1443
Muizz-ud-Din Muhammad Shah II
المعز الدین محمد شاہ دوم		 Karim Khan 1443 - 1451
Qutb-ud-Din Ahmad Shah II
قطب الدین احمد شاہ دوم		 Jalal Khan 1451 - 1458
Dawood Shah
داود شاہ 		Dawood Khan 1458
Nasir-ud-Din Mahmud Shah I (Mahmud Begada)
ناصر الدین محمود شاہ اول محمود بگڑا		 Fateh Khan 1458 - 1511
Shams-ud-Din Muzaffar Shah II
شمس الدین مظفر شاہ دوم		 Khalil Khan 1511 - 1526
Sikandar Shah
سکندر شاہ 		Sikandar Khan 1526
Nasir-ud-Din Mahmud Shah II
ناصر الدین محمود شاہ دوم		 Nasir Khan 1526
Qutb-ud-Din Bahadur Shah
قطب الدین بہادرشاہ 		Bahadur Khan 1526 - 1535 (1st Reign)
Interregnum Mughal Empire: 1535 - 1536
Qutb-ud-Din Bahadur Shah
قطب الدین بہادرشاہ 		Bahadur Khan 1536 - 1537 (2nd Reign)
Miran Muhammad Shah III
میران محمد شاہ تریہم		 Miran Muhammad Faruqi of Khandesh 6 weeks; 1537
Nasir-ud-Din Mahmud Shah III
ناصر الدین محمود شاہ تریہم		 Mahmud Khan 1537 - 1554
Ghiyas-ud-Din Ahmad Shah III
غیاث الدین احمد شاہ تریہم		 Ahmad Khan 1554 - 1561
Shams-ud-Din Muzaffar Shah III
شمس الدین مظفر شاہ تریہم		 Hubboo[5] or Nannu or Nathu [6](a pretender according to Mughal historians) 1561 - 1573
Interregnum Mughal Empire: 1573 - 1583
Shams-ud-Din Muzaffar Shah III
شمس الدین مظفر شاہ تریہم		 Hubboo or Nannu or Nathu (a pretender according to Mughal historians) 1583 (Restored)
Mughal Empire

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency: Ahmedabad. Government Central Press. 1879. p. 249.
  2. ↑ Sen, Sailendra (2013). A Textbook of Medieval Indian History. Primus Books. pp. 114–115. ISBN 978-9-38060-734-4.
  3. ↑ Sudipta Mitra (2005). Gir Forest and the Saga of the Asiatic Lion. Indus Publishing. p. 14. ISBN 978-81-7387-183-2.
  4. ↑ The new Islamic dynasties: a chronological and genealogical manual New Edinburgh Islamic Surveys Series; Author:Clifford Edmund Bosworth ISBN 0-7486-2137-7, ISBN 978-0-7486-2137-8
  5. ↑ http://persian.packhum.org/persian/main?url=pf%3Ffile%3D00702050%26ct%3D0
  6. ↑ http://persian.packhum.org/persian/main?url=pf%3Ffile%3D00701023%26ct%3D151%26rqs%3D256%26rqs%3D436%26rqs%3D514%26rqs%3D601%26rqs%3D734
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