Nginx

Nginx
Original author(s) Igor Sysoev
Developer(s) Nginx, Inc.
Initial release 4 October 2004 (2004-10-04)[1]
Stable release 1.10.2 (18 October 2016 (2016-10-18)) [±][2]
Preview release 1.11.6 (15 November 2016 (2016-11-15)) [±][3]
Repository hg.nginx.org/nginx/
Development status Active
Written in C[4]
Operating system BSD variants, HP-UX, IBM AIX, Linux, OS X, Solaris, Windows,[5] and other *nix flavors,[6]
Type Web server, reverse/mail proxy server
License 2-clause BSD[7]
Website nginx.org

Nginx (pronounced "engine x") is software to provide a web server. It can act as a reverse proxy server for TCP, UDP, HTTP, HTTPS, SMTP, POP3, and IMAP protocols, as well as a load balancer and an HTTP cache.

Created by Igor Sysoev in 2002, Nginx runs on Unix, Linux, BSD variants, OS X, Solaris, AIX, HP-UX, and Windows.[6] Released under the terms of a BSD-like license, Nginx is free and open source software. A company of the same name was founded in 2011 to provide support.[8]

For Ruby on Rails web sites, Nginx is often deployed with Unicorn, a Rack-based web server. This combines Nginx's good performance serving static content and dealing with many slow client connections with Unicorn's ability to efficiently run dynamic page generation code.[9]

Features

Nginx can be deployed to serve dynamic HTTP content on the network using FastCGI, SCGI handlers for scripts, WSGI application servers or Phusion Passenger modules, and it can serve as a software load balancer.[10]

Nginx uses an asynchronous event-driven approach to handling requests. Nginx's modular event-driven architecture[11] can provide more predictable performance under high loads.[12]

According to Netcraft's October 2015 Web Server Survey,[13] Nginx was found to be the second most widely used web server across all "active" sites (15.33% of surveyed sites) and for the top million busiest sites (23.66% of surveyed sites). According to W3Techs, it was used by 29.7% of the top 1 million websites, 39.5% of the top 100,000 websites, and by 47.6% of the top 10,000 websites.[14] According to BuiltWith, it is used on 36.6% of the top 10,000 websites, and its growth within the top 10k, 100k and 1 million segments increased.[15] Wikipedia uses Nginx as its SSL termination proxy.[16] As of OpenBSD release 5.2 (1 November 2012), Nginx became part of the OpenBSD base system, providing an alternative to the system's fork of Apache 1.3, which it was intended to replace,[17] but it was later replaced by OpenBSD's own httpd(8).[18]

HTTP proxy and Web server features

Mail proxy features

Other features include upgrading executable and configuration without client connections loss,[40] and a module-based architecture with both core[41] and third-party module support.[42]

The paid Nginx Plus product includes additional features such as advanced load balancing and access to an expanded suite of metrics for performance monitoring.[43] [44]

History

Nginx, Inc.
Private
Industry Technology
Founded 2011
Headquarters Russia
Key people
 Gus Robertson (CEO), Igor Sysoev (CTO)
Products Web servers
Website nginx.com

Igor Sysoev began development of Nginx in 2002.[45] Originally, Nginx was developed to fill the needs of websites including Rambler, for which it was serving 500 million requests per day by September 2008.[46] A company of the same name was founded in July 2011 by Sysoev to provide commercial products and support for the software.[47] The company's principal place of business is San Francisco, California, while legally incorporated in British Virgin Islands.[8] In October 2011, Nginx raised $3 million from BV Capital, Runa Capital and MSD Capital, Michael Dell‘s venture fund.[48]

The company announced commercial support options for companies using Nginx in production. Nginx offered commercial support in February 2012,[49][50] and paid Nginx Plus subscription in August 2013.[51] Support packages focus on installation, configuration, performance improvement, etc.[52] Support includes proactive notifications about major changes, security patches, updates and patches. WordPress developer Automattic and content delivery network provider MaxCDN became funding partners for an update to Google's SPDY version 3.1, slated for early 2014.[53] Nginx also offers consulting services to assist customers in custom configuration or adding additional features.[54]

In October 2013, Nginx raised a $10 million series B investment round led by New Enterprise Associates.[55] That round included previous investors, as well as Aaron Levie, CEO and founder of Box.com.[56][57] In December 2014, Nginx raised a $20 million series B1 round led by New Enterprise Associates, with participation from e.ventures (formerly BV Capital), Runa Capital, Index Ventures and Nginx’s own CEO Gus Robertson.[58][59]

Version Original release date Latest version Release date Status
Old version, no longer supported: 0.5 2006-12-04 0.5.38 2009-09-14[60] Legacy
Old version, no longer supported: 0.6 2007-06-14 0.6.39 2009-09-14[61] Legacy
Old version, no longer supported: 0.7 2008-05-19 0.7.69 2011-07-19[62] Legacy
Old version, no longer supported: 0.8 2009-06-02 0.8.55 2011-07-19[63] Legacy
Old version, no longer supported: 1.0 2011-04-12 1.0.15 2012-04-12[64] Legacy
Old version, no longer supported: 1.2 2012-04-23 1.2.9 2013-05-13[65] Legacy
Old version, no longer supported: 1.4 2013-04-24 1.4.7 2014-03-18[66] Legacy
Old version, no longer supported: 1.6 2014-04-24 1.6.3 2015-04-07[67] Legacy
Old version, no longer supported: 1.8 2015-04-21 1.8.1 2016-01-26[68] Legacy
Old version, no longer supported: 1.9 2015-04-28 1.9.15 2016-04-19[69] Legacy
Current stable version: 1.10 2016-04-26 1.10.1 2016-05-31[70] Stable
Current stable version: 1.11 2016-05-24 1.11.6 2016-11-15[71] Mainline
Legend:
Old version
Older version, still supported
Latest version
Latest preview version
Future release

See also

References

  1. ↑ "CHANGES". Retrieved 16 September 2014.
  2. ↑ "nginx news". nginx. 2016-10-18. Retrieved 2016-10-18.
  3. ↑ Dounin, Maxim (2016-11-15). "[nginx-announce] nginx-1.11.6". [email protected] (Mailing list). Retrieved 2016-11-21.
  4. ↑ "The NGINX Open Source Project on Ohloh". ohloh.net. Retrieved 7 March 2013.
  5. ↑ "nginx for Windows". Retrieved 28 May 2014.
  6. 1 2 "Tested OS and platforms". Retrieved 15 October 2011.
  7. ↑ "Licensing". Retrieved 18 January 2013.
  8. 1 2 "Notice of Exempt Offering of Securities". Form D. US Securities and Exchange Commission 17 October 2013. Retrieved 15 September 2016.
  9. ↑ http://stackoverflow.com/questions/8739871/why-does-unicorn-need-to-be-deployed-together-with-nginx
  10. ↑ Use nginx for Proxy Services and Software Load Balancing, 11 May 2010, by Sam Kleinman, Linode Library
  11. ↑ "The Architecture of Open Source Applications (Volume 2): nginx". aosabook.org. Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  12. ↑ Basic nginx Configuration by Sam Kleinman; 21 August 2010
  13. ↑ "October 2015 Web Server Survey". 16 October 2015. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  14. ↑ "Usage of web servers broken down by ranking". 18 October 2015. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  15. ↑ "Builtwith: nginx Usage Statistics". 18 October 2015. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  16. ↑ "Wikitech: HTTPS". Wikitech.wikimedia.org. 3 October 2011. Retrieved 3 December 2011.
  17. ↑ OpenBSD Upgrade Guide: 5.1 to 5.2, 2012/11/06 15:00:27 sthen
  18. ↑ "Heads Up: Nginx Removed From Base".
  19. ↑ "Module ngx_http_upstream_module". nginx.org. Retrieved 14 August 2012.
  20. ↑ "Module ngx_http_v2_module". nginx.org. 30 Oct 2015. Retrieved 2 Nov 2015.
  21. ↑ "Proxy: support for connection upgrade (101 Switching Protocols).". trac.nginx.org. 19 February 2013. Retrieved 21 February 2013.
  22. ↑ "Module ngx_http_flv_module". nginx.org. Retrieved 9 November 2014.
  23. ↑ "Module ngx_http_mp4_module". nginx.org. Retrieved 24 April 2012.
  24. ↑ "Module ngx_http_gunzip_module". nginx.org. Retrieved 13 September 2012.
  25. ↑ "Module ngx_http_rewrite_module — rewrite". nginx.org. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
  26. ↑ Murenin, Constantine A. (18 February 2013). "A dynamic web-site written wholly in nginx.conf? Introducing mdoc.su!". [email protected] (Mailing list). Retrieved 24 December 2014.
  27. ↑ Murenin, Constantine A. (24 February 2013). "mdoc.su — Short manual page URLs for FreeBSD, OpenBSD, NetBSD and DragonFly BSD". Retrieved 24 December 2014.
  28. ↑ "Module ngx_http_log_module — access_log". nginx.org. Retrieved 25 December 2012.
  29. ↑ "Module ngx_http_limit_conn_module". nginx.org. Retrieved 8 June 2015.
  30. ↑ "Module ngx_http_limit_req_module". nginx.org. Retrieved 8 June 2015.
  31. ↑ "Module ngx_http_core_module — limit_rate". nginx.org. Retrieved 24 June 2012.
  32. ↑ "Module ngx_http_ssi_module". nginx.org. Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  33. ↑ "Module ngx_http_geoip_module". nginx.org. Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  34. ↑ "Module ngx_http_userid_module". nginx.org. Retrieved 20 November 2012.
  35. ↑ "Module ngx_http_dav_module". nginx.org. Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  36. ↑ "Module ngx_http_xslt_module". nginx.org. Retrieved 6 May 2012.
  37. ↑ "Module ngx_http_perl_module". nginx.org. Retrieved 16 June 2012.
  38. ↑ "Naxsi Web Application Firewall". Retrieved September 7, 2016.
  39. ↑ "Module ngx_mail_auth_http_module". nginx.org. Retrieved 13 September 2012.
  40. ↑ "Official documentation: Controlling nginx". nginx.org. Retrieved 3 December 2011.
  41. ↑ "nginx documentation". nginx.org. Retrieved 9 June 2015.
  42. ↑ "3rdPartyModules — Nginx Community". wiki.nginx.org. Retrieved 9 June 2015.
  43. ↑ "How to monitor NGINX". Datadog. 9 July 2015. Retrieved 9 July 2015.
  44. ↑ "Application Load Balancing with NGINX Plus". NGINX. Retrieved 9 July 2015.
  45. ↑ Tony Mobily (5 January 2012). "Interview with Igor Sysoev, author of Apache's competitor NGINX". Free Software Magazine. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
  46. ↑ "Nginx: the High-Performance Web Server and Reverse Proxy". Linux Journal. 1 September 2008. Retrieved 16 August 2009.
  47. ↑ "Company". nginx.com. 3 January 2012. Retrieved 24 February 2012.
  48. ↑ Natasha Starkell (11 October 2011). "Russian Nginx Raises $3 Million From International Investors". Techcrunch. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  49. ↑ Darryl K. Taft (8 February 2012). "NGINX Launches Commercial Support for Open-Source Web Server". e Week. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
  50. ↑ Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols (8 February 2012). "Commercial Support now available for the open-source NGINX Web server". ZDNet Open Source blog. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
  51. ↑ "Nginx Inc. Launches NGINX Plus". 22 August 2013.
  52. ↑ Taft, Darryl K. (8 February 2012). "NGINX Launches Commercial Support for Open-Source Web Server". eweek.com. Retrieved 24 February 2012.
  53. ↑ Shankland, Stephen (20 December 2013). "Nginx upgrade funded by fans of Google's SPDY Web protocol". CNET. Retrieved 6 January 2014.
  54. ↑ "Commercial Support now available for the open-source NGINX Web server". ZDNet. 8 February 2012. Retrieved 28 February 2012.
  55. ↑ Sean Michael Kerner (16 October 2013). "Nginx Raises $10 Million in New Funding for Server Development". e Week. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
  56. ↑ Frederic Lardinois (15 October 2013). "Nginx Raises $10M Series B Round Led By NEA". Techcrunch. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  57. ↑ Jolie O'Dell (15 October 2013). "Nginx ties up a sweet $10M funding deal and hundreds of millions of users". Venture Beat. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
  58. ↑ Frederic Lardinois (9 December 2014). "Nginx Raises $20M Series B1 Round To Drive International Expansion". Techcrunch. Retrieved 9 December 2014.
  59. ↑ Jordan Novet (9 December 2014). "Nginx gets $20M, because an open-source web server is just the beginning". VentureBeat. Retrieved 9 December 2014.
  60. ↑ "CHANGES-0.5". Retrieved 2015-09-21.
  61. ↑ "CHANGES-0.6". Retrieved 2015-09-21.
  62. ↑ "CHANGES-0.7". Retrieved 2015-09-21.
  63. ↑ "CHANGES-0.8". Retrieved 2015-09-21.
  64. ↑ "CHANGES-1.0". Retrieved 2015-09-21.
  65. ↑ "CHANGES-1.2". Retrieved 2015-09-21.
  66. ↑ "CHANGES-1.4". Retrieved 2015-09-21.
  67. ↑ "CHANGES-1.6". Retrieved 2015-09-21.
  68. ↑ "CHANGES-1.8". Retrieved 2016-03-08.
  69. ↑ "CHANGES". Retrieved 2016-05-09.
  70. ↑ "CHANGES". Retrieved 2016-06-29.
  71. ↑ "CHANGES". Retrieved 2016-11-21.

External links

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