Olga Ladyzhenskaya

Olga Aleksandrovna Ladyzhenskaya
Olga Aleksandrovna Ladyzhenskaya
Born	March 7, 1922 Kologriv, Soviet Union
Died	January 12, 2004 (aged 81) Saint Petersburg, Russia
Nationality	Soviet–Russian
Fields	Partial differential equations
Institutions	Saint Petersburg University
Alma mater	Moscow University
Doctoral advisor	Ivan Petrovsky Sergei Sobolev
Notable students	Nina Uralt'seva Ludwig Faddeev Vladimir Buslaev
Known for	Fluid dynamics of the Navier-Stokes equations, Hilbert's nineteenth problem, partial differential equations
Notable awards	Lomonosov Gold Medal (2002)

Olga Aleksandrovna Ladyzhenskaya (Russian: Óльга Алекса́ндровна Лады́женская) (7 March 1922 – 12 January 2004) was a Soviet and Russian mathematician. She was known for her work on partial differential equations (especially Hilbert's 19th problem) and fluid dynamics.^[1] She provided the first rigorous proofs of the convergence of a finite difference method for the Navier–Stokes equations. She was a student of Ivan Petrovsky.^[2] She was awarded the Lomonosov Gold Medal in 2002.

Biography

Ladyzhenskaya was born and grew up in Kologriv. She was the daughter of a mathematics teacher who is credited with her early inspiration and love of mathematics. In October 1937 her father was arrested by the NKVD and soon killed. Young Olga was able to finish high school but, because her father was an "enemy of the people", she was forbidden to enter the Leningrad University.

After Joseph Stalin died in 1953, Ladyzhenskaya presented her doctoral thesis and was given the degree she had long before earned. She went on to teach at the university in Leningrad and at the Steklov Institute, staying in Russia even after the collapse of the Soviet Union and the rapid salary deflation for professors.

Publications

• Ladyzhenskaya, O. A. (1969) [1963], The Mathematical Theory of Viscous Incompressible Flow, Mathematics and Its Applications, 2 (Revised Second ed.), New York–London–Paris–Montreux–Tokyo–Melbourne: Gordon and Breach, pp. XVIII+224, MR 0254401, Zbl 0184.52603.
• Ladyženskaja, O. A.; Solonnikov, V. A.; Ural'ceva, N. N. (1968), Linear and quasi-linear equations of parabolic type, Translations of Mathematical Monographs, 23, Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society, pp. XI+648, MR 0241821, Zbl 0174.15403.
• Ladyzhenskaya, Olga A.; Uralt'seva, Nina N. (1968), Linear and Quasilinear Elliptic Equations, Mathematics in Science and Engineering, 46, New York and London: Academic Press, pp. XVIII+495, MR 0244627, Zbl 0164.13002.
• Ladyzhenskaya, O. A. (1985), The Boundary Value Problems of Mathematical Physics, Applied Mathematical Sciences, 49, Berlin–Heidelberg–New York: Springer Verlag, pp. XXX+322, ISBN 0-521-39922-X, MR 0793735, Zbl 0588.35003 (translated by Jack Lohwater).
• Ladyzhenskaya, O. A. (1991), Attractors for Semigroups and Evolution Equations, Lezioni Lincee, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. xi+73, MR 1133627, Zbl 0755.47049.

See also

• Elliptic equation
• Ladyzhenskaya's inequality
• Navier-Stokes equations
• Partial differential equation

Notes

1. See reference Bolibruch, Osipov & Sinai 2006, and also the comment of Peter Lax in (Pearce 2004).
2. See the biography by Riddle (2010) from the Biographies of Women Mathematicians, Agnes Scott College.

References

Biographical and general references

• Bolibruch, A.A.; Osipov, Yu.S.; Sinai, Ya.G., eds. (2006), Mathematical Events of the Twentieth Century, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York City: Springer-Verlag, pp. VIII+545, ISBN 978-3-540-23235-3, MR 2179060, Zbl 1072.01002
• Friedlander, Susan; Keyfitz, Barbara (2006), "Olga Ladyzhenskaya and Olga Oleinik: Two Great Women Mathematicians of the 20th Century" (PDF), in Kuperberg, Krystyna, Women in Mathematics: The Legacy of Ladyzhenskaya and Oleinik - May 18–20, 2006, Berkeley, CA: AWM and MSRI, retrieved 1 July 2009. Some recollections of the authors about Olga Ladyzhenskaya and Olga Oleinik.
• Friedlander, Susan; Lax, Peter; Synge Morawetz, Cathleen; Nirenberg, Louis; Seregin, Gregory; Ural’tseva, Nina; Vishik, Mark (December 2004), "Olga Alexandrovna Ladyzhenskaya (1922–2004)" (PDF), Notices of the American Mathematical Society, 51 (11): 1320–1331, MR 2105237, Zbl 1159.01335.
• Gunzburger, Max; Seregin, Gregory; Ochkur, Vitaly; Shilkin, Timofey (April 24, 2004), "Obituaries: Olga Ladyzhenskaya" (PDF), SIAM News, 37, Number 3 (3): 3
• Pearce, Jeremy (January 25, 2004), "Dr. Olga Ladyzhenskaya, 81, Mathematician", The New York Times, retrieved 9 January 2012
• Riddle, Larry, ed. (December 8, 2010), Olga Alexandrovna Ladyzhenskaya, retrieved 5 May 2011. A biography in the Biographies of Women Mathematicians, Agnes Scott College.
• Struwe, Michael (2003), "Olga Ladyzhenskaya—a life-long devotion to mathematics", in Hildebrandt, Stefan; Karcher, Hermann, Geometric analysis and nonlinear partial differential equations, Berlin: Springer Verlag, pp. 1–10, ISBN 3-540-44051-8, MR 2008328, Zbl pre01944352.
• Synge Morawetz, Cathleen (2006), "Early Memories of Olga Ladyzhenskaya and Olga Oleinik" (PDF), in Kuperberg, Krystyna, Women in Mathematics: The Legacy of Ladyzhenskaya and Oleinik - May 18–20, 2006, Berkeley, CA: AWM and MSRI, retrieved 1 July 2009. Some recollections of the author about Olga Ladyzhenskaya and Olga Oleinik.
• Titova, Irina (January 26, 2004), "Russian mathematician Olga Ladyzhenskaya dies at 81", USA Today, retrieved 9 January 2012
• Zajączkowski, Wojciech (September 2005), "Olga Alexandrovna Ladyzhenskaya (1922–2004)", Topological Methods in Nonlinear Analysis, 26 (1 2005): 5–7, MR 2179347, Zbl 1082.01516

External links

• Beirao da Veiga, H.; Seregin, G.; Solonnikov, V.; Uraltseva, N.; Valli, A., eds. (2004), Partial Differential Equations in Mathematical Physics (October 24–30, 2004), Trento: CIRM, retrieved 1 February 2012. The schedule of a workshop in honour of Olga A. Ladyzhenskaya.
• Kuperberg, Krystyna, ed. (2006), Women in Mathematics: The Legacy of Ladyzhenskaya and Oleinik - May 18–20, 2006, Berkeley, CA: AWM and MSRI, retrieved 1 July 2009. The proceedings of a workshop in honour of Olga Ladyzhenskaya and Olga Oleinik.
• Olga Ladyzhenskaya at the Mathematics Genealogy Project.
• O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F. (August 2005), "Olga Alexandrovna Ladyzhenskaya", MacTutor History of Mathematics archive, University of St Andrews..
• Olga Ladyzhenskaya at PlanetMath.org.
• Saint Petersburg Mathematical Society (2006), Olga Aleksandrovna Ladyzhenskaya, retrieved 5 June 2011. Memorial page at the Saint Petersburg Mathematical Pantheon.