Ovula ovum
| Common egg cowrie | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Living Ovula ovum from Borneo - adult | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| (unranked): | clade Caenogastropoda clade Hypsogastropoda clade Littorinimorpha |
| Superfamily: | Cypraeoidea |
| Family: | Ovulidae |
| Subfamily: | Ovulinae |
| Genus: | Ovula |
| Species: | O. ovum |
| Binomial name | |
| Ovula ovum (Linnaeus, 1758) | |
| Synonyms | |
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Ovula ovum, common name the common egg cowrie, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Ovulidae, the ovulids, cowry allies or false cowries.[1]
Description
The shells of these quite common cowries reach on average 65–70 millimetres (2.6–2.8 in) of length, with a minimum size of 50 millimetres (2.0 in) and a maximum size of 120 millimetres (4.7 in). They are egg-shaped (hence the Latin name ovum, meaning egg). The surface of the shell is smooth, shiny and completely snow white, with a dark reddish-purple interior, visible through the wide and long aperture, which bears teeth on one side only. In the living cowries the mantle is black, with a pattern of small white spots in adults, while juveniles resemble some toxic nudibranchs of the genus Phyllidia owing to their orange yellow sensorial papillae. The lateral flaps of the mantle usually hide completely the white surface, but the mantle is quickly retracted into the shell opening when the cowry is disturbed.
Ovula ovum with whole body covered by its mantle. This species can be easily found in the nearshore water of northeast coast of Taiwan.
Juvenile Ovula ovum with orange yellow papillae looks like a toxic nudibranch Phyllidia sp.
A shell of Ovula ovum
Distribution
This species is distributed in the Red Sea and in the Indian Ocean along East Africa (Aldabra, Madagascar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Tanzania, Chagos) and in Western and Central Pacific Ocean (New Zealand, North Sulawesi, Malaysia, Borneo, New Caledonia, Philippines, French Polynesia and southern Japan).
Habitat
Ovula ovum lives in tropical reef in shallow waters at 2–20 metres (6 ft 7 in–65 ft 7 in) of depth, usually on algae or soft corals, mainly feeding on Alcyonarian colonies (Leather Coral, genus Sarcophyton and Sinularia sp., Alcyoniidae).
References
- ↑ Ovula ovum (Linnaeus, 1758). WoRMS (2010). Ovula ovum (Linnaeus, 1758). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=216904 on 5 June 2010.
- Lorenz F. & Fehse D. (2009). The Living Ovulidae - A manual of the families of Allied Cowries: * Ovulidae, Pediculariidae and Eocypraeidae. Conchbooks, Hackenheim, Germany
- Cate, C. N. 1973 - A systematic revision of the recent Cypraeid family Ovulidae - Veliger 15: 1-117
- Jean-François Hamel & Annie Mercier - Observations on the biology of the common egg shell Ovula ovum in Majuro, Marshall Islands - SPC Trochus Information Bulletin #12 – June 2006