Oxon (chemical)

Parathion (left) and its oxon, paraoxon (right)

An oxon is an organic compound derived from another chemical in which a phosphorus-sulfur bond in the parent chemical has been replaced by a phosphorus-oxygen bond in the derivative.

Important examples of oxons can be found in the family of pesticides known as organophosphates. Some of these chemicals, such as chlorpyrifos, diazinon, and parathion, do not manifest their main toxicity in their original form. Rather, an animal's liver replaces a phosphorus-sulfur bond with a phosphorus-oxygen bond, turning these chemicals into oxons. The oxons then inhibit an enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine, an important neurotransmitter. Acetylcholine starts to accumulate uncontrollably, wreaking havoc on the animal's nervous system.

Pest control: Insecticides

Carbamates	Aldicarb Bendiocarb Carbaryl Carbofuran Ethienocarb Fenobucarb Oxamyl Methomyl Propoxur

Inorganic compounds	Aluminium phosphide Boric acid Chromated copper arsenate Copper(II) arsenate Copper(I) cyanide Diatomaceous earth Lead hydrogen arsenate Paris Green Scheele's Green

Insect growth regulators	Benzoylureas Diflubenzuron Flufenoxuron Hydroprene Lufenuron Methoprene Pyriproxyfen

Neonicotinoids	Acetamiprid Clothianidin Dinotefuran Imidacloprid Nitenpyram Nithiazine Thiacloprid Thiamethoxam

Organochlorides	Aldrin Beta-HCH Carbon tetrachloride Chlordane Cyclodiene 1,2-DCB 1,4-DCB 1,1-DCE 1,2-DCE DDD DDE DDT Dicofol Dieldrin Endosulfan Endrin Heptachlor Kepone Lindane Methoxychlor Mirex Tetradifon Toxaphene

Organophosphorus	Acephate Azamethiphos Azinphos-methyl Bensulide Chlorethoxyfos Chlorfenvinphos Chlorpyrifos Chlorpyrifos-methyl Coumaphos Demeton-S-methyl Diazinon Dicrotophos Diisopropyl fluorophosphate Dimethoate Dioxathion Disulfoton Ethion Ethoprop Fenamiphos Fenitrothion Fenthion Fosthiazate Isoxathion Malathion Methamidophos Methidathion Mevinphos Monocrotophos Naled Omethoate Oxydemeton-methyl Parathion Parathion-methyl Phenthoate Phorate Phosalone Phosmet Phoxim Pirimiphos-methyl Quinalphos Temefos Tebupirimfos Terbufos Tetrachlorvinphos Tribufos Trichlorfon

Pyrethroids	Acrinathrin Allethrins Bifenthrin Bioallethrin Cyfluthrin Cyhalothrin Cypermethrin Cyphenothrin Deltamethrin Empenthrin Esfenvalerate Etofenprox Fenpropathrin Fenvalerate Flumethrin Imiprothrin Metofluthrin Permethrin Phenothrin Prallethrin Pyrethrin (I, II; chrysanthemic acid) Pyrethrum Resmethrin Silafluofen Tefluthrin Tetramethrin Tralomethrin Transfluthrin

Ryanoids	Chlorantraniliprole Cyantraniliprole Flubendiamide Ryanodine Ryanodol

Other chemicals	Afoxolaner Amitraz Azadirachtin Buprofezin Chlordimeform Chlorfenapyr Cyromazine Fenazaquin Fenoxycarb Fipronil Fluralaner Hydramethylnon Indoxacarb Limonene Lotilaner Pyridaben Pyriprole Ryanodine Sarolaner Sesamex Spinosad Sulfluramid Tebufenozide Tebufenpyrad Veracevine Xanthone Metaflumizone

Metabolites	Oxon Malaoxon Paraoxon TCPy

Biopesticides	Bacillus thuringiensis Baculovirus Beauveria bassiana Beauveria brongniartii Metarhizium acridum Metarhizium anisopliae Nomuraea rileyi Lecanicillium lecanii Paecilomyces fumosoroseus Paenibacillus popilliae Purpureocillium lilacinum

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 9/26/2014. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.

Oxon (chemical)

See also