PSLV-C3

PSLV-C3

Model of the PSLV rocket
Mission type	Deployment of three satellites.
Operator	ISRO
Website	ISRO website
Mission duration	1,658 seconds
Apogee	586.7 kilometres (365 mi)
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft	Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle
Spacecraft type	Expendable launch vehicle
Manufacturer	ISRO
Launch mass	294,000 kilograms (648,000 lb)
Payload mass	1,294 kilograms (2,853 lb)
Dimensions	44.4 metres (146 ft) (overall height)
Start of mission
Launch date	10:23:00, October 22, 2001 (IST)
Rocket	Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle
Launch site	Sriharikota Launching Range
Contractor	ISRO
End of mission
Disposal	Placed in graveyard orbit
Deactivated	October 22, 2001
Orbital parameters
Reference system	Sun-synchronous
Regime	Low Earth orbit
Payload
TES BIRD PROBA
Mass	1,294 kilograms (2,853 lb)
Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle missions ← PSLV-C2 PSLV-C4 →

PSLV-C3 was the third operational launch and overall sixth mission of the PSLV program. This launch was also the forty-sixth launch by Indian Space Research Organisation since its first mission on 1 January 1962. The vehicle carried three satellites which were deployed in the Sun-synchronous Low Earth orbit.^[1][2] The vehicle carried Technology Experiment Satellite (Indian experimental earth observation satellite), BIRD (German earth observation satellite) and PROBA (experimental satellite from Belgium). This was India's and ISRO's second commercial spaceflight. PSLV-C3 was launched at 10:23 a.m. IST on 22 October 2001 from Satish Dhawan Space Centre (then called "Sriharikota Launching Range").^{[3][4][5][6][7][8]}

Mission highlights

• Third operational launch of the PSLV program.
• Overall sixth mission of the PSLV program.
• Second commercial launch by ISRO.
• Three satellites injected in Sun-synchronous low Earth orbit.

^[1][2]

Mission parameters

• Mass:
  • Total liftoff weight: 294,000 kilograms (648,000 lb)
  • Payload weight: 1,294 kilograms (2,853 lb)
• Overall height: 44.4 metres (145.7 ft)
• Propellant:
  • First stage: Solid HTPB based (138.0 + 54 tonnes)
  • Second stage: Liquid UDMH + N2O4 (40 tonnes)
  • Third stage: Solid HTPB based (7 tonnes)
  • Fourth stage: Liquid MMH + MON (2.0 tonnes)
• Engine:
  • First stage: S139
  • Second stage: Vikas
  • Third stage:
  • Fourth stage: 2 x PS-4
• Thrust:
  • First stage: 4,430 + 677 x 6 kN
  • Second stage: 724 kN
  • Third stage: 324 kN
  • Fourth stage: 7.4 x 2 kN
• Altitude: 586.7 kilometres (365 mi)
• Maximum velocity:7,593 metres per second (24,911 ft/s) (recorded at time of fourth stage ignition)
• Duration: 1,658 seconds

^[1][2][9]

Payload

PSLV-C3 carried and deployed total three satellites. Technology Experiment Satellite (TES) was the main payload and BIRD and PROBA were two auxiliary payloads that were mounted on PSLV-C3. In the flight sequence, TES was injected first, followed by BIRD and then PROBA.^[1][2]

Country	Name	Nos	Mass	Type	Objective
India	TES	1	1,108 kg	Satellite	Experimental Earth observation satellite
Belgium	BIRD	1	94 kg	Microsatellite	Remote sensing technology demonstration
Germany	PROBA	1	92 kg	Microsatellite	Earth observation technology demonstration

Launch & planned flight profile

Heat shield of PSLV displayed at HAL heritage center.

PSLV-C3 was launched at 10:23 a.m. IST on 22 October 2001 from Satish Dhawan Space Centre (then called "Sriharikota Launching Range"). The mission was planned with pre-flight prediction of covering overall distance of 586.668 kilometres (365 mi). Following was the planned flight profile.^{[1][2][3][5][6][7][8]}

Stage	Time (seconds)	Altitude (kilometer)	Velocity (meter/sec)	Event	Remarks
First stage	T+0	0.02	452	First stage ignition	Lift-off
	T+1.24			Ignition of 4 ground-lit strap-on motors
	T+25.04	2.515	551	Ignition of 2 air-lit strap-on motors
	T+68.04	23.472	1,155	Separation of 4 ground-lit strap-on motors
	T+90.04	40.061	1,644	Separation of 2 air-lit strap-on motors
	T+112.73	67.601	2,028	First stage separation
Second stage	T+112.93	67.828	2,027	Second stage ignition
	T+156.73	115.604	2,284	Heat shield separation
	T+278.81	236.272	4,099	Second stage separation
Third stage	T+280.01	237.433	4,097	Third stage ignition
	T+498.33	455.487	6,086	Third stage separation
Fourth stage	T+520.60	460.818	6,065	Fourth stage ignition
	T+914.92	571.247	7,575	Fourth stage thrust cut-off
	T+971.92	572.080		TES separation
	T+1,011.92	572.709		BIRD separation
	T+1,091.92	574.064		PROBA orbit rise start
	T+1,552.50	585.018	7,593	PROBA orbit rise stop
	T+1,602.50	586.688	7,592	PROBA orbit separation	Mission over

See also

• Indian Space Research Organisation
• Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle

References

1. "PSLV-C3". Indian Space Research Organisation. Retrieved 10 Jul 2016.
2. "PSLV-C3 brochure" (PDF). Indian Space Research Organisation. Retrieved 10 Jul 2016.
3. "PSLV-C3 Successfully Launched : Puts Three Satellites In Orbit". defense-aerospace.com. Retrieved 10 Jul 2016.
4. "ISRO's timeline. 1960s to today. #46". Indian Space Research Organisation. Retrieved 10 Jul 2016.
5. "SPACEWARN Activities". NASA. Retrieved 10 Jul 2016.
6. "Space Launch Report: PSLV". spacelaunchreport.com. Retrieved 10 Jul 2016.
7. "PSLV-C3 Successfully Launched : Puts 3 Satellites In Orbit". Press Information Bureau. Retrieved 10 Jul 2016.
8. "PSLV-C3 launches three satellites". The Hindu Business Line. Retrieved 10 Jul 2016.
9. "PSLV details". Indian Space Research Organisation. Retrieved 10 Jul 2016.