Pakistan and the United Nations

Islamic Republic of Pakistan
United Nations membership
Membership Full member
Since 30 September 1947
UNSC seat Non-permanent
Ambassador Maliha Lodhi

Pakistan officially joined the United Nations (UN) on 30 September 1947 just over a month after its independence from the British Empire. Today, it is a charter member and participates in all of the UN's specialised agencies and organisations. Pakistan has been elected seven times (tied with Colombia and India) into the UN Security Council, with the most recent term in 2013. It is also one of the countries which has had a diplomat, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan, serve a term as the President of the United Nations General Assembly.

Representation

Pakistan maintains a permanent mission to the UN, which is currently headed by Ambassador Maliha Lodhi in New York. There is a second mission based at the UNO office in Geneva, Switzerland.

Peacekeeping

The Pakistani military has played a key role in the UN's peacekeeping programme in different parts of the world, most prominently in Somalia, Sierra Leone, Bosnia, Congo and Liberia. As of 2009, Pakistan stood as the largest contributor of troops to United Nations peacekeeping missions in the world, and was followed by Bangladesh and India.[1]

Politics

Pakistan's Mission

The international community considers The state of Jammu and Kashmir divided into three parts occupied by India, Pakistan and a part by China. The fact is that all the principles on the basis of which the Indian subcontinent was partitioned by the British in 1947 stated that all the former Princely States had a choice of either joining India or Pakistan.

The Maharaja initially fought back but appealed for assistance to the Governor-General Louis Mountbatten, who agreed on the condition that the ruler accede to India. Hari Singh signed the Instrument of Accession on 26 October 1947, which was accepted by the Governor General of India the next day. Once the Instrument of Accession was signed, Indian soldiers entered Kashmir with orders to evict the raiders. India took the matter to the United Nations.[2] The UN resolution asked both India and Pakistan to vacate the areas they had occupied and hold a referendum under UN observation. The holding of this plebiscite, which India initially supported, was dismissed by India because the 1952 elected Constituent assembly of Jammu and Kashmir voted in favour of confirming the Kashmir region's accession to Pakistan. The United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP) was deployed to supervise the ceasefire between India and Pakistan. UNMOGIP's functions were to investigate complaints of ceasefire violations and submit findings to each party and to the U.N. Secretary-General. Under the terms of the ceasefire, it was decided that both armies would withdraw and a plebiscite would be held in Kashmir to give Kashmiris the right to self-determination. The primary argument for the continuing debate over the ownership of Kashmir is that India did not hold the promised plebiscite. In fact, neither side has adhered to the U.N. resolution of 13 August 1948; while India chose not to hold the plebiscite, Pakistan failed to withdraw its troops from Kashmir as was required under the resolution.

Kashmir conflict

The UN continues to remain a keen observer of the Kashmir conflict between Pakistan and India, centring on the disputed state of Jammu and Kashmir. Since the transfer of power to both countries in 1947 of the divided territory, the UN has played an extensive role in regulating and monitoring the dispute.

UN Security Council resolutions

See also

References

  1. ↑ UN says peacekeepers overstretched, Al Jazeera English, 27 Jan 2009
  2. ↑ "United Nations Official Document". Un.org. Retrieved 2016-10-22.
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