Paternoster Midden

Paternoster Midden
Map showing the location of Paternoster Midden
Location Elands Bay, Western Cape
Coordinates 32°48′16.6104″S 17°54′2.4156″E / 32.804614000°S 17.900671000°E / -32.804614000; 17.900671000Coordinates: 32°48′16.6104″S 17°54′2.4156″E / 32.804614000°S 17.900671000°E / -32.804614000; 17.900671000

Paternoster Midden is a megamidden on the west coast of South Africa. This magamidden has particular value, as it is one of the few megamiddens in existence that has such a rich and diverse faunal and artefactual content.

Significance

Most of the shell middens along the west coast of the Western Cape are small in size, and their content consists mainly of large amounts of marine shells and only very modest amounts of fauna vertebrae and artifactual remains such as ostrich eggshell beads.[1]

Several middens have been found at Paternoster. One of these midden sites is known as PNNA, and is now referred to as "Paternoster Midden". This is a megamidden, with a unique content compared to other middens on the same coast.[2] Paternosted Midden is a large site, 350 m long and 150 m wide. It contains a large percentage of faunal remains made up of small animals such as tortoises, marine birds, snakes, and Cape fur seals, as well as small and large bovids, such as steenbok, grysbok, eland, buffalo and even an extra-large bovid with elephant remains.[3] The megamidden also contains cultural items which are rarely found in middens; ostrich eggshell beads (OES) are among the most notable of these finds. Other cultural items found were stone artefacts and unworked OES fragments that are likely to be the remnants of food or water containers.[4]

Provincial heritage site

Paternoster Midden was declared a provincial heritage site by Heritage Western Cape on 9 April 2009, in terms of Section 27 of the National Heritage Resources Act.[5][6] This gives the site Grade II status, and provides the site with protection under South African heritage law.

Mussel Point is another megamidden that has recently been declared a provincial heritage site.

References

  1. ↑ Cedric Alan Poggenpoel. 1996. The Exploitation Of Fish During The Holocene In The South- Western Cape, South Africa. Masters Thesis. University of Cape Town
  2. ↑ Karim Sadr, John Gribble & Gail Euston-Brown. Archaeological survey on the Vredenburg Peninsula
  3. ↑ Cedric Alan Poggenpoel. 1996. The Exploitation Of Fish During The Holocene In The South-Western Cape, South Africa. Masters Thesis. University of Cape Town
  4. ↑ Karim Sadr. Marine shell dates and surface lithic assemblages on the west coast of South Africa. J.Archaeol.Sci.(2009),doi:10.1016/j.jas.2009.08.011
  5. ↑ Provincial Notice 4618, Province of the Western Cape Provincial Gazette, No. 6621, Cape Town: 9 April 2009, p.548
  6. ↑ SHARA site finds. http://www.sahra.org.za/sites/pnna
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