List of countries by greenhouse gas emissions per capita

Per capita GHG emissions in 2005, including land-use change

Per capita GHG emissions in 2000, not including land-use change

GHG emissions by country in 2005, including land-use change

Per capita responsibility for current atmospheric carbon dioxide level, including land-use change

This is a list of countries ranked by greenhouse-gas emissions per capita in 2000. It is based on data for carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, perfluorocarbon, hydrofluorocarbon and sulfur hexafluoride emissions compiled by the World Resources Institute^[1] (WRI) from a variety of sources, including CDIAC and the US Environmental Protection Agency. Bunker-fuel emissions are not included.

Two sets of per capita emissions are given, one with an estimate of the effects of land-use change (for example, cutting down forests) and one without. The former is based on regional estimates in Houghton (2003).^[2] Difficulties with determining rates of deforestation and the magnitude of carbon stocks held by the remaining forests and with distributing regional carbon fluxes among individual countries mean that the land-use change components have a large margin of error, perhaps as large as +/-150% in some cases.

They are included here because, although difficult to quantify accurately at a country level, land-use change is a significant contributor to global warming. The WRI estimates that it accounted for almost a fifth of global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions in 2000. For 2005 the data for a large number of countries only includes CO₂ emissions (see note 12.)

List of countries by emissions

Per capita greenhouse gas emissions in 2000

Country	Year 2000 Tonnes of CO2e with land-use change	Year 2000 Tonnes of CO2e without land-use change	Year 2005 Tonnes of CO2e without land-use change
Belize^11,12	93.9	8.4	2.8
Qatar^12	54.7	54.7	55.5
Guyana^12	52.5	5.6	2
Malaysia^12	37.2	6.8	5.7
United Arab Emirates^1	36.8	36.8	38.8
Kuwait	30.4	30.4	35
Papua New Guinea^2,12,	29.2	1.7	0.7
Brunei^1,12	25.9	25.9	13.9
Australia	25.9	25.6	26.9
Antigua & Barbuda^1,12	25.3	25.3	5.1
Zambia^12	24.6	2.6	0.2
Canada	24.3	22.2	22.6
Bahrain ^12	23.9	23.9	25.4
United States^3	22.9	24.3	23.5
Trinidad & Tobago^1,12	22.1	22.1	19.6
Luxembourg^1	21.2	21.2	27.5
Panama^12	19.7	3.6	1.9
New Zealand	19.3	18.5	18.8
Estonia	18.2	16.6	14.4
Botswana^12	17.8	6.5	2.3
Ireland	16.8	17.3	16.7
Saudi Arabia	16.5	16.5	16.2
Venezuela	15.8	9.9	10
Indonesia	14.9	2.4	2.7
Equatorial Guinea^12	14.5	4.6	6.7
Belgium^1	14.3	14.3	13.2
Turkmenistan^1	14.2	14.2	18.9
Singapore	14.1	14.1	11.3
Czech Republic	13.9	13.9	13.7
Liberia ^12	13.9	1	0.1
Netherlands^4	13.5	13.5	13.8
Russia	13.5	13.1	13.7
Nicaragua ^12	13.4	2.5	0.8
Finland	13.1	13.3	13
Oman ^12	12.9	12.9	12
Palau^1,12	12.8	12.8	5.7
Brazil	12.8	4.9	5.4
Denmark^5	12.5	12.5	11.5
Germany	12.3	12.3	11.9
Mongolia	11.8	11.6	11.9
Israel	11.8	11.8	11.5
Nauru^1,12	11.7	11.7	11
Norway	11.4	12.1	11.2
South Korea	11.1	11	11.4
Kazakhstan^1	11	11	12.7
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland	11	11	10.6
Libya^12	10.8	10.6	8.3
Greece	10.8	11	11.5
Japan	10.7	10.7	10.5
Myanmar	10.7	1.7	2.2
Taiwan^12	10.6	10.6	11.8
Cyprus^12	10.3	10.2	10.5
Slovenia	10.2	9.7	10.1
Cambodia	10.2	5.8	1.6
Austria	10	10.1	11.5
Iceland^1	10	10	11.1
Peru	9.9	2.7	2.8
Paraguay^12	9.9	6.1	0.6
Ukraine^1	9.8	9.8	10.3
Poland	9.6	9.6	9.8
South Africa	9.5	9.5	9
Argentina	9.3	7.8	8.2
Slovakia	9.3	8.7	9.3
Spain^6	9.2	9.4	10.1
Italy^7	9.2	9.2	9.7
Central African Republic^12	9	6.7	0.1
France^8	8.7	8.8	9
Suriname^12	8.6	8.6	5.3
Belarus	8.6	8	8.5
Gabon^12	8.4	5.5	3.7
Ecuador	8.2	3.4	3.3
Bolivia	8.1	3.5	6.9
Cameroon^12	7.6	2.4	0.4
Iran	7.6	7.5	8.2
Côte d'Ivoire^12	7.5	2	0.4
Sweden	7.5	7.5	7.4
Seychelles^1,2,12	7.4	7.4	7
Guatemala^12	7.4	2.4	0.9
Bulgaria	7.4	7.7	8.6
Serbia & Montenegro^12	7.4	7.4	4.8
Hungary	7.4	7.4	8.3
Congo, Dem. Rep.	7.4	1	1.6
Uzbekistan^1,12	7.3	7.3	6.9
Portugal^9	7.2	7.8	7.9
Switzerland^10	7.1	7.2	7.3
Azerbaijan	6.8	6.8	5.6
Angola^12	6.7	5.4	1.3
Bahamas^12	6.6	6.6	6.5
Benin^12	6.5	1.4	0.3
Zimbabwe^12	6.5	2.7	0.8
Laos	6.4	1.9	3.1
Mexico	6.4	5.4	6.1
Nepal	6.3	1.3	1.5
Colombia	6.3	3.8	3.9
Namibia^12	6.3	5.1	1.4
Chile	6.3	5.3	5.1
Malta^12	6.1	6.1	6.5
Congo, Rep.^2,12	6	3.2	1.4
Madagascar^12	6	2.3	0.2
Croatia	5.9	6	6.9
Jamaica^12	5.9	4.8	3.8
Macedonia^1	5.8	5.8	5.2
Barbados^1,12	5.8	5.8	4.5
Latvia	5.7	4	4.6
Mauritania^1,12	5.6	5.6	0.6
Turkey	5.6	5.3	5.5
Romania	5.5	5.5	6.1
Lithuania	5.4	4.5	5.7
Costa Rica^12	5.4	2.8	1.5
Lebanon	5.3	5.2	4.4
North Korea	5.2	5.1	5
Thailand	5.1	4.3	5.6
Jordan	4.9	4.9	4.2
Honduras^12	4.7	2	1.1
Sudan^12	4.6	3.7	0.3
Bosnia & Herzegovina^12	4.5	4.5	4.3
Algeria	4.2	4.2	4.2
Iraq	4.2	4.2	4.6
Sierra Leone^12	4.2	1.2	0.2
Syria^12	4	4	2.7
China	3.9	3.9	5.5
Tunisia^12	3.7	3.3	2.3
Dominican Republic^12	3.5	3.5	1.9
Saint Kitts and Nevis^1,12	3.3	3.3	2.8
Nigeria	3.3	1.6	2.1
Fiji^2,12	3.3	3.1	2
Guinea^12	3.2	2	0.2
Mauritius^1,12	3.2	3.2	2.7
Cuba^12	3.1	4	2.2
Togo^12	3.1	1.5	0.2
Vanuatu^12	3	2.9	0.4
Philippines	3	1.7	1.7
Malawi^12	3	0.6	0.1
Mali^12	2.9	2.2	0
Chad^12	2.9	2.4	0
Sri Lanka^12	2.8	1.3	0.7
Uganda	2.7	1.1	1.1
Dominica^1,12	2.7	2.7	1.6
Saint Lucia^1,12	2.7	2.7	2.2
Egypt	2.6	2.6	3
Niue^1,2,12	2.6	2.6	1.7
Ghana^12	2.6	1.2	0.4
Moldova^1	2.5	2.5	3.2
Grenada^1,12	2.5	2.5	2.2
El Salvador^12	2.4	1.8	1
Guinea-Bissau^12	2.4	1.6	0.2
Tanzania^12	2.4	1.9	0.1
Djibouti^12	2.4	2.4	0.5
Pakistan	2.3	2.1	1.5
Samoa^2,12	2.3	2.2	0.8
Tonga^12	2.3	2.3	1.2
Morocco^12	2.2	2.1	1.6
Senegal	2.2	1.8	1.8
Albania	2.2	1.9	2.9
Georgia^1	2.2	2.2	2
Armenia^1	2.1	2.1	2.5
St. Vincent & Grenadines^1,12	2	2	1.6
Kenya^12	2	1.6	0.3
Maldives^1,12	1.9	1.9	2.4
Kyrgyzstan	1.9	1.9	1.9
Burkina Faso^12	1.9	1.9	0.1
India	1.8	1.9	1.7
Cook Islands^2,12	1.8	1.7	2.9
Bhutan^12	1.7	1.7	0.6
Yemen^12	1.6	1.6	0.9
Tajikistan^1	1.6	1.6	0.5
Mozambique^12	1.6	1.1	0.1
Rwanda^12	1.6	0.7	0.1
Burundi^12	1.6	0.4	0
Lesotho^12	1.5	1.5	0.1
Swaziland^12	1.5	3.2	0.8
Eritrea^1,12	1.4	1.4	0.1
Haiti^12	1.4	1.2	0.2
Solomon Islands^12	1.1	0.8	0.4
Vietnam	1.1	1.7	2.1
Cape Verde^1,12	1.1	1.1	0.6
Niger^12	1.1	1	0.1
Ethiopia	1.1	0.9	1
São Tomé and Príncipe^12	1	1	0.7
Afghanistan^12	0.9	0.6	0
The Gambia^12	0.9	1.1	0.2
Bangladesh	0.9	0.9	0.9
Comoros^1,12	0.7	0.7	0.1
Kiribati^1^12	0.6	0.6	0.3
Uruguay^11	0.3	7.6	12.7
Asia	4.5	3.4
Europe	10.6	10.5
Middle East & North Africa	5.7	5.6
Sub-Saharan Africa	4.5	2.3
North America	23.1	24.1
Central America & Caribbean	6.3	4.5
South America	11.1	5.3
Oceania	24.2	19.1

¹Compatible land-use change data not available for 2000

²Compatible PFC, HFC and SF₆ data not available for 2000.

³Includes Puerto Rico, Guam and the US Virgin Islands. The WRI is ambiguous about which components are included for these additional territories. The non-land-use CO₂ data includes all three; CH₄, N₂O, PFC, HFC and SF₆ data are included for Puerto Rico and the US Virgin Islands but not for Guam; land-use change may or may not be included for any of the three.

⁴Not including the Netherlands Antilles.

⁵Not including Greenland and the Faeroe Islands.

⁶Including the Canary Islands.

⁷Including San Marino and the Vatican City.

⁸Including Monaco; not including Overseas Departments or French Polynesia.

⁹Including the Azores and Madeira.

¹⁰Including Liechtenstein.

¹¹Average annual forest cover change as percentage of national total 1990-2000: Belize -2.3%, Uruguay +5.0%. Source: FAO.^[3]

¹² CH₄, N₂O, PFC, HFC and SF₆ data not available for 2005.

See also

• List of countries by carbon dioxide emissions per capita
• List of countries by greenhouse gas emissions
• List of countries by carbon dioxide emissions
• Asian brown cloud
• Climate change
• Global warming
• LULUCF

References

1. "WRI Climate Analysis Indicators Tool (registration required to access data)".
2. "Houghton, R.A., 2003. Revised estimates of the annual net flux of carbon to the atmosphere from changes in land use and land management 1850-2000.".
3. "FAO Global Forest Assessment Report 2000".