PLCG1

PLCG1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1HSQ, 2HSP, 4EY0, 4FBN
Identifiers
Aliases	PLCG1, NCKAP3, PLC-II, PLC1, PLC148, PLCgamma1, phospholipase C gamma 1
External IDs	MGI: 97615 HomoloGene: 1997 GeneCards: PLCG1
Gene ontology Molecular function • calcium ion binding • signal transducer activity, downstream of receptor • neurotrophin TRKA receptor binding • receptor tyrosine kinase binding • signal transducer activity • metal ion binding • protein binding • phosphoric diester hydrolase activity • phospholipase C activity • glutamate receptor binding • hydrolase activity • protein kinase binding • phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C activity Cellular component • cytoplasm • cytosol • cell projection • cell-cell junction • ruffle • plasma membrane • COP9 signalosome • lamellipodium • intracellular Biological process • intracellular signal transduction • Fc-gamma receptor signaling pathway involved in phagocytosis • activation of MAPKK activity • lipid metabolic process • positive regulation of epithelial cell migration • positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol • in utero embryonic development • inositol phosphate metabolic process • positive regulation of angiogenesis • cellular response to epidermal growth factor stimulus • Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway • lipid catabolic process • positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration • phospholipid catabolic process • viral process • T cell receptor signaling pathway • cell migration • leukocyte migration • signal transduction • calcium-mediated signaling • epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	5335	18803
Ensembl	ENSG00000124181	ENSMUSG00000016933
UniProt	P19174	Q62077
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_002660 NM_182811	NM_021280
RefSeq (protein)	NP_002651.2 NP_877963.1	NP_067255.2
Location (UCSC)	Chr 20: 41.14 – 41.2 Mb	Chr 2: 160.73 – 160.78 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]
Wikidata

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Phospholipase C, gamma 1, also known as PLCG1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PLCG1 gene.^[3][4]

Function

The protein encoded by this gene catalyzes the formation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and diacylglycerol from phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. This reaction uses calcium as a cofactor and plays an important role in the intracellular transduction of receptor-mediated tyrosine kinase activators. For example, when activated by SRC, the encoded protein causes the Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor RASGRP1 to translocate to the Golgi apparatus, where it activates Ras. Also, this protein has been shown to be a major substrate for heparin-binding growth factor 1 (acidic fibroblast growth factor)-activated tyrosine kinase. The receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPmu (PTPRM) is capable of dephosphorylating PLCG1.^[5] Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.^[6]

Has been shown to interact with CISH which negatively regulates it by targeting it for degradation.^[7] The deletion of Cish in effector T cells has been shown to augment TCR signaling and subsequent effector cytokine release, proliferation and survival. The adoptive transfer of tumor-specific effector T cells knocked out or knocked down for CISH resulted in a significant increase in functional avidity and long-term tumor immunity. There are no changes in activity or phosphorylation of Cish's purported target, STAT5 in either the presence or absence of Cish.

Clinical significance

Researchers studying PLCg1 and its role in breast cancer metastasis discovered this gene can promote cancer metastasis and subsequently blocking it stopped cancer from spreading. Research is ongoing but this gene could lead to the development of new anti-cancer drugs.^[8][9]

Interactions

PLCG1 has been shown to interact with:

• BAG3,^[10]
• CD117,^[11][12]
• CD31,^[13]
• Cbl gene^[14][15]
• CISH^[16]
• Epidermal growth factor receptor,^[14][17]
• Eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1,^[18]
• FLT1,^[19]
• GAB1,^[20][21]
• GIT1,^[22]
• Grb2,^[23][24][25]
• HER2/neu,^[26][27]
• IRS2,^[28]
• ITK,^[29][30]
• KHDRBS1,^[31][32][33]
• Linker of activated T cells,^[34][35][36]
• Lymphocyte cytosolic protein 2,^[37]
• PDGFRA,^[38]
• PLD2,^[39]
• RHOA,^[40]
• SOS1,^[25][41]
• TUB,^[42]
• TrkA,^{[43][44][45][46]}
• TrkB,^[45][47]
• VAV1,^[48] and
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein.^[49][50]

See also

• Phospholipase C

References

1. "Human PubMed Reference:".
2. "Mouse PubMed Reference:".
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4. Burgess WH, Dionne CA, Kaplow J, Mudd R, Friesel R, Zilberstein A, Schlessinger J, Jaye M (September 1990). "Characterization and cDNA cloning of phospholipase C-gamma, a major substrate for heparin-binding growth factor 1 (acidic fibroblast growth factor)-activated tyrosine kinase". Mol. Cell. Biol. 10 (9): 4770–7. PMC 361079. PMID 2167438.
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