Polythiazyl

Polythiazyl

Names
Other names polythiazyl poly(sulfur nitride)
Identifiers
CAS Number	56422-03-8
Properties
Chemical formula	(SN)x
Appearance	bronze colour, metallic lustre[1]
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Polythiazyl (polymeric sulfur nitride), (SN)_x, is an electrically conductive, gold- or bronze-colored polymer with metallic luster. It was the first conductive inorganic polymer discovered,^[1] and was also found to be a superconductor at very low temperatures (below 0.26 K).^[2][3]

Structure and bonding

Several resonance structures can be written:^[4]

Synthesis

Polythiazyl is synthesized by the polymerization of the dimer disulfur dinitride (S₂N₂), which is in turn synthesized from the cyclic alternating tetramer tetrasulfur tetranitride (S₄N₄). Conversion from cyclic tetramer to dimer is catalysed with hot silver wool.^[1][5]

S₄N₄ + 8 Ag → 4 Ag₂S + 2 N₂

S₄N₄ (w/ Ag₂S catalyst) → 2 S₂N₂ (w/ 77K cold finger) → S₂N₂

S₂N₂ (@ 0°C, sublimes to surface) → thermal polymerization → (SN)_x

Uses

Due to its electrical conductivity, polythiazyl is used in LEDs, transistors, battery cathodes, and solar cells.^[5]

References

1. Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. pp. 725–727. ISBN 0-08-037941-9.
2. Labes, M. M.; Love, P.; Nichols, L. F. (1979). "Polysulfur Nitride - a Metallic, Superconducting Polymer". Chemical Reviews. 79 (1): 1–15. doi:10.1021/cr60317a002.
3. Harry R. Allcock (20 September 2011). Introduction to Materials Chemistry. John Wiley & Sons. p. 131. ISBN 978-1-118-21098-7. Retrieved 29 June 2012.
4. Okada, M.; Tanaka, K.; Takata, A.; Yamabe, T. (1993). "Examination of Electronic Phase of the Hartree-Fock Solution of an Isolated Polythiazyl Chain". Synthetic Metals. 59 (2): 223–230. doi:10.1016/0379-6779(93)91029-2.
5. Ronald D. Archer (26 February 2001). Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers. John Wiley & Sons. p. 213. ISBN 978-0-471-24187-4. Retrieved 29 June 2012.