Prince Jesse of Kakheti

Jesse (Georgian: იესე), also known as 'Isa Khan Gorji (c. 1527 – 1580) was a Georgian prince of the royal house of Kakheti, whose career flourished in the service of the Safavid dynasty of Iran and included numerous years as a governor of Shaki in what is today Azerbaijan.

Early life

Jesse was a son of King Leon of Kakheti by his first wife Tinatin Gurieli. As a young prince, Jesse was placed by his father at the head of the Georgian auxiliaries requested by the Safavid shah Tahmasp I during his war with the Ottoman Empire (1532–55). After the conclusion of the peace, Jesse was left as a hostage in Iran, where he converted to Islam and became known as 'Isa Khan Gorji. In 1558 he was made by Shah Tahmasp I governor of Shaki, a Muslim city close to the border of his homeland.^[1] He stayed governor of Shaki until 1580.^[2]

Career in the Safavid service

In 1576 'Isa Khan became embroiled in a power struggle following the death of Shah Tahmasp. He was part of the Kazvin-based Georgian faction, including Tahmasp's Georgian widow Zahra Baji, a Shalikashvili princess, which tried to secure the succession for Tahmasp's younger son Heidar. But a rival faction, dominated by the Sunni nobles, had Heidar murdered at Kazvin and placed Ismail II on the throne. According to the 17th-century historian, Iskandar Beg Munshi, 'Isa Khan was imprisoned together with another Georgian, Simon I of Kartli, at Alamut, and was liberated with him by Shah Ismail. Munshi may have confused him with Archil, son of Bagrat, Prince of Mukhrani. On the accession of Shah Mohammed Khodabanda in 1578, 'Isa Khan was again in favor. Together with Simon and yet another Georgian, Shah Rustam the Lur, he was present at the coronation of Khodabanda and the three received the honor of kissing the shah's feet.^[3] 'Isa Khan's allegiance to the Safavids was cemented, in 1578, by his marriage to a daughter of 'Abu'l Nasir Sam Mirza, Shah Tahmasp I's half-brother and Ismail I's son, by his wife, a daughter of Husain Khan-e Shamlu.^[2][4][5] That same year, 'Isa Khan had to take flight before the Ottoman army of Lala Kara Mustafa Pasha. He then returned to Christianity and fled to his homeland, where died shortly thereafter, in 1580.^[1]

Children

Jesse had four children:

• Prince Bagrat (died after 1607), a prisoner of the Safavids for twenty years (1580–1600), he thereafter departed for Russia, where he was living as Prince Pankrati Yesseyevich Gruzinsky as of 1607.
• Prince Mahmad-Mirza (fl. 1580).
• Prince [Kay]Khosro. (died after 1574).^[2]
• An anonymous daughter (fl. 1605).

Ancestry

Ancestors of Prince Jesse of Kakheti

16. George VIII of Georgia               8. Alexander I of Kakheti                       17. Tamar N. or Nestan-Darejan N.               4. George II of Kakheti                             9. Nestan-Darejan N.                       2. Levan of Kakheti                                   10. Garsevan Cholokashvili                       5. Ana Cholokashvili                             1. Jesse (Isa-Khan)                                         24. Kakhaber I Gurieli               12. Giorgi I Gurieli                       25. Ana N.               6. Mamia I Gurieli                             3. Tinatin Gurieli

References

1. Allen, W.E.D. (1932). A history of the Georgian people; from the beginning down to the Russian conquest in the nineteenth century. London: Routledge & K. Paul. p. 383. ISBN 0-7100-6959-6.
2. Buyers, Christopher. "Prince Jesse ['Isa Khan Gorji]". Royalark.net. Retrieved 29 December 2015.
3. Quinn, Sholeh A. (2006). "Coronation Narratives in Safavid Chronicles". In Pfeiffer, Judith; Quinn, Sholeh Alysia. History and Historiography of Post-Mongol Central Asia and the Middle East: Studies in Honor of John E. Woods. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 322. ISBN 3447052783.
4. Bierbrier, Morris (Fall 1997). "The Descendants of Theodora Comnena of Trebizond". The Genealogist. 11 (2): 242.
5. Montgomery, Hugh, ed. (1980). Burke's Royal Families of the World, Volume 2. London: Burke's Peerage. p. 139. ISBN 0850110297.

Sources

• Nasiri, Ali Naqi; Floor, Willem M. (2008). Titles and Emoluments in Safavid Iran: A Third Manual of Safavid Administration. Mage Publishers. p. 280. ISBN 978-1933823232.