Nicholas, Crown Prince of Montenegro

Nikola II Petrović-Njegoš
Crown Prince of Montenegro

Crown Prince Nicholas in May 1990
Head of the Royal House of Montenegro
Period 24 March 1986 - present
Predecessor Mihajlo
Heir apparent Hereditary Prince Boris
Born (1944-07-07) 7 July 1944
Saint-Nicolas-du-Pélem, Brittany, Occupied France
Consort Francine Navarro
Issue Princess Altinaï
Boris, Hereditary Prince of Montenegro
Full name
Nikola Mihajlo Frane
House Petrović-Njegoš
Father Mihajlo
Mother Geneviève Prigent
Signature
Montenegrin Royal Family

HRH The Crown Prince

Styles of
Nicholas II of Montenegro
Reference style His Royal Highness
Spoken style Your Royal Highness
Alternative style Sir

Nikola II Petrović-Njegoš, Crown Prince of Montenegro (Serbian Cyrillic: Никола Петровић-Његош; Serbian Latin: Nikola Petrović-Njegoš; born 7 July 1944) is the Head of the House of Petrović-Njegoš which once reigned over Montenegro. He is Hereditary Grand Master of the Dynastic Orders of Petrović-Njegoš, St. Peter of Cetinje and Prince Danilo I of Montenegro.

In 2011 Montenegro recognized an official role for the Royal House of Petrović-Njegoš in Montenegro: to promote Montenegrin identity, culture and traditions through cultural, humanitarian and other non-political activities.[1]

The title of the Crown Prince is usually only borne by those persons who held it legally under monarchy and by courtesy after the monarchy ended (as in the case of his second cousin once removed, Alexander, Crown Prince of Yugoslavia). Nicholas II was born decades after Montenegro became a part of Yugoslavia and was thus officially never a Crown Prince as he was never an heir apparent or presumptive of a reigning sovereign. Nevertheless, this assumed title was never disputed by anyone and is considered as held by courtesy.

Family background

The house of Petrović came originally from Herzegovina and settled in Njeguši around 1400. Niegosch was born around 1425 and became the Voivode of Njegoš.

Prince Nikola II descends from Danilo Petrović-Njegoš who obtained the hereditary Dignity of Vladika (Prince-Bishop) of Montenegro in 1711 when it became a theocracy. Danilo I Petrović-Njegoš was recognized as Sovereign Prince of Montenegro by Russia on 21 March 1852, and established succession by male primogeniture. His successor, Prince Nikola I assumed the style of Royal Highness on 19 December 1900, and the title of King 28 August 1910.

Nikola is also related to the former royal House of Obrenović through Yephrem, younger full brother of Miloš Obrenović I, Prince of Serbia.

During World War I the Petrović Njegoš family were forced to flee the country in 1915 after the Army of Montenegro was overwhelmed by the troops of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. At the end of the war, the Kingdom of Serbia annexed Montenegro while abolishing the Kingdom of Montenegro and deposing the Petrović Njegoš dynasty.

The family made their home in France where Nikola I of Montenegro died in exile in 1921. The same year, King Nikola's maternal grandson, Alexandar Karađorđević (Prince Nikola I's cousin) became king of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, of which Montenegro had become a part. Though the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes was proclaimed on 13 November 1918, it was never recognized by Nikola I, who maintained a government-in-exile, which was headed by the ex-king's former aide-de-camp and ambassador to Washington, General Anto Gvozdenović, until the Conference of Ambassadors at Paris gave international recognition to the union 13 July 1922.

Nikola I's heir at death was his eldest son, Prince Danilo (titular King Danilo II), who "abdicated" after one week, and the family's dynastic claim was taken up by his grandson, Michael, Prince of Montenegro, the titular King Mihajlo I, who was the father of Prince Nikola II and died in exile in 1986.

Though Prince Nikola II is de jure King of Montenegro he uses the style of "His Royal Highness Crown Prince" or "His Royal Highness Prince Nikola II of Montenegro."[2]

Biography

Prince Nikola II is the only son and heir of the late Prince Michael of Montenegro, Grand-Duke of Grahovo and Zeta, who lived in exile until his death in 1986, and Geneviève Prigent (1919-1991), a French citizen. Prince Michael was regarded by Montenegro's monarchists as king from 7 March 1921. (Nikola's parents married on 27 January 1941 and divorced in Paris, France, on 11 August 1949).

Nikola was an active participant in the campaign for the restoration of Montenegro's independence, preceding the referendum on the separation of the former kingdom from the provisional State Union of Serbia and Montenegro.

Prince Nikola made public pronouncements of his willingness to return to the Montenegrin throne if that were the wish of the people. In July 2010 the government of Montenegro made a formal offer to provide Nikola with a €3,000 monthly stipend (equal to that of the President), granting his family with an annual €300,000 civil list, a formal residence in Cetinje and the return of the Petrović Njegoš historic family home in Njeguši. This offer was rejected because Nikola believed that the proposal did not deal adequately with the issue of property compensation, as more than thirty properties were alleged to have been confiscated from the dynasty after the monarchy was overthrown. Furthermore, he believed that the bill would prevent the dynasty from participating in political life and restrict the ability of members of the dynasty to speak freely about certain subjects. He also said that the civil list amount that was announced in the press was not actually contained in the proposed version of the bill that he was shown.

Owing to his stance on this bill, Nikola chose not to attend the celebrations of the centenary of the Kingdom of Montenegro that were held on 28 August 2010.[3] Instead he celebrated in private.

Education

Nikola was educated in France. In 1964 he was admitted to the Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Beaux-Arts in Paris, and between 1965 and 1967 he attended training courses in several architectural practices. Between 1967 and 1971 he worked on several architectural projects, including a winter sports resort in Avoriaz, France, and with Shamaï Haber on several university science faculties.

In 1971, he was awarded a diploma in Architecture and admitted to the Société Française des Architectes. Nikola has stated that he wishes to construct the first eco-built residence in Montenegro when designing his family's new home in Cetinje.

Marriage and children

In 1976 he married Francine Navarro in Trebeurden, Côtes-du-Nord on 27 November. She died in Paris on 6 August 2008. Together they raised a family at Les Lilas, France;

Decorations and honours

Montenegrin Decorations:

Foreign Decorations:

Foreign Honours:

Coat of arms

He bears the Montenegrin Coat of Arms, which can be seen at the centre of the Flag of Montenegro. The Royal Coat of Arms is borne by the head of the Petrović Njegoš Dynasty, and differs from the family Coat of Arms.[10]

The Constitution of 2007 maintained "the tradition" of King Nikola I: the adopted Coat of Arms was a crowned silver eagle with the sara in one and the scepter in the other claw, and charged on its breast was a red shield with the lion passant.

The 2011 Law on the Status of the Descendants of the Petrović Njegoš Dynasty[11] states that Prince Nikola II "may use the heraldic symbols of the Petrović Njegoš dynasty" (Article 6).

Royal Standard

Royal Standard of the Crown Prince Nikola II

In Petrović Njegoš's standard there is a red background bordered by white, with the double-headed eagle and the initials in Cyrillic N. I. I. (Nikola II) on its breast, with the lion passant underneath. This standard is flown over the Prince’s palace at Cetinje. It is also used as a distinguishing insignia on vehicles, ships, aircraft and in the Military. The other version is a tricolor with initials NII and a crown on top.

Ancestors

Radio-interviews and documentary films

References

External links

Nicholas, Crown Prince of Montenegro
Born: 7 July 1944
Titles in pretence
Preceded by
Mihajlo I		 — TITULAR —
King of Montenegro
24 March 1986 – present		 Incumbent
Heir:
Prince Boris
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