Quezon

Not to be confused with Quezon City in Metro Manila.
For other places with the same name, see Quezon (disambiguation).
Quezon
Tayabas (formerly)
Province
Province of Quezon

Provincial capitol buiilding of Quezon Province

Quezon Provincial Capitol building

Flag

Seal

Location in the Philippines
Coordinates: 14°10′N 121°50′E / 14.17°N 121.83°E / 14.17; 121.83Coordinates: 14°10′N 121°50′E / 14.17°N 121.83°E / 14.17; 121.83
Country Philippines
Region Calabarzon (Region IV-A)
Founded
  • 1591 (as Kalilayan)
  • March 2, 1901 (as Tayabas)
  • September 7, 1946 (as Quezon)
Capital Lucena
Government
  Type Sangguniang Panlalawigan
  Governor David C.Suarez (NUP)
  Vice Governor Samuel B. Nantes (LP)
Area[1]
  Total 8,989.39 km2 (3,470.82 sq mi)
Area rank 7th out of 81
Population (2015 census)[2]
  Total 1,856,582
  Rank 12th out of 81
  Density 210/km2 (530/sq mi)
  Density rank 45th out of 81
  Excludes Lucena City
Demonym(s) Quezonian
Divisions
  Independent cities
  Component cities
  Municipalities
  Barangays
  Districts 1st to 4th districts of Quezon (shared with Lucena City)
Demographics
  Ethnic groups
  Languages
Time zone PHT (UTC+8)
ZIP code 4300–4342
IDD:area code +63(0)42
ISO 3166 code PH-QUE
Website www.quezon.gov.ph

Quezon (Tagalog pronunciation: [ˈkɛson]) is a province of the Philippines in the Calabarzon region of Luzon island. The province was named after Manuel L. Quezon, the second President of the Philippines, and its capital is Lucena City.

Quezon is southeast of Metro Manila and is bordered by the provinces of Aurora to the north, Bulacan, Rizal, Laguna and Batangas to the west and the provinces of Camarines Norte and Camarines Sur to the east. Part of Quezon lies on an isthmus connecting the Bicol Peninsula to the main part of Luzon. The province also includes the Polillo Islands in the Philippine Sea.

A major tourism draw to the province is Mount Banahaw. The mountain is surrounded by spiritual mysticism with many cults and religious organizations staying on the mountain. Numerous pilgrims visit the mountain especially during Holy Week.

History

Precolonial and Spanish eras

Originally, what now forms Quezon was divided among the provinces of Batangas, Laguna, and Nueva Ecija. The first European to explore the area was Juan de Salcedo in 1571-1572, during his expedition from Laguna to Camarines provinces.[3][4]

In 1591, the province was created and called Kaliraya or Kalilayan, after the capital town which later became Unisan. In 1749, the capital was transferred to the town of Tayabas, from which the province got its new name.[3]

Depredation and plunder by the Moros were rampant during the Spanish regime, because they opposed the colonizers, especially in their efforts to spread Christianity. The destruction of Kalilayan in 1604 by a big fleet of Moro pirates caused the inhabitants to transfer to Palsabangon (Pagbilao).

However, even the colonized people grew discontented with the Spaniards over the centuries. The most important event in the history of the province was the Confradia Revolt in 1841, which was led by the famous Lucbano, Apolinario de la Cruz, popularly known as Hermano Pule. The province, under General Miguel Malvar, was also among the earliest to join the Philippine Revolution. The Revolutionary Government took control over the province on August 15, 1898.

American period and World War II

The Americans then came and annexed the Philippines. A civil government was established in the province on March 12, 1901, and Lucena was made the provincial capital.

Tayabas province in 1918
Northern Tayabas in 1918
Northern portion
Southern Tayabas in 1918
Southern portion

Japanese occupation of the province during World War II began on December 23, 1941, when the Japanese Imperial Army landed in Atimonan. The General Headquarters of the Philippine Commonwealth Army and Philippine Constabulary was stationed in Tayabas from January 3, 1942 to June 30, 1946 are military operates against the Japanese Occupation. The occupation witnessed the brutal murders of prominent sons of Tayabas. April 4, 1945 was the day the province was liberated as the combined Filipino and American army forces reached Lucena.

After the war, on September 7, 1946, Republic Act No. 14 changed the name Tayabas to Quezon, in honor of Manuel L. Quezon, the Commonwealth president who hailed from Baler, which was one of the province's towns.[5]

Separation of Aurora sub-province

In June 1951, the northern part of Quezon (specifically, the towns of Baler, Casiguran, Dipaculao and Maria Aurora ) was made into the sub-province of Aurora.[6] Aurora was the name of the president's wife, Aurora Quezon. Aurora was finally separated from Quezon as an independent province in 1979.[7]

Attempted splitting of Quezon

In 2007, Republic Act No. 9495 was proposed to further divide Quezon into Quezon del Norte and Quezon del Sur. Quezon del Norte was to be composed of the first and second congressional districts of the province (Burdeos, General Nakar, Infanta, Jomalig, Lucban, Mauban, Pagbilao, Panukulan, Patnanungan, Polilio, Real, Sampaloc, Tayabas, Candelaria, Dolores, San Antonio, Sariaya, Tiaong and Lucena), with Lucena as its capital. Quezon del Sur, with its capital at Gumaca, would have been composed of the third and fourth congressional districts (Agdangan, Buenavista, Catanauan, General Luna, Macalelon, Mulanay, Padre Burgos, Pitogo, San Andres, San Francisco, San Narciso, Unisan, Alabat, Atimonan, Calauag, Guinayangan, Gumaca, Lopez, Perez, Plaridel, Quezon and Tagkawayan). The act lapsed into law without the signature of President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo on September 7, 2007.[8]

As required by law, the COMELEC held a plebiscite on December 13, 2008, 60 days after Republic Act No. 9495 took effect. The majority of the votes cast rejected the division, therefore the split did not push through.

Geography

Political map
Mount Banahaw seen from the Atimonan-Pagbilao border

Quezon, east of Metro Manila, is the 8th largest province in the Philippines having an area of 8,989.39 square kilometres (3,470.82 sq mi).[9] The northern part of the province is sandwiched between the Sierra Madre mountain range and the Philippine Sea. The southern part consists of the Tayabas Isthmus, which separates the Bicol Peninsula from the main part of Luzon Island, and the Bondoc Peninsula which lies between Tayabas Bay and Ragay Gulf.

The major islands of Quezon are Alabat Island and Polillo Islands. Mount Banahaw, an active volcano, is the highest peak at 2,169 metres (7,116 ft).[10] It supplies geothermal power to the Mak-Ban Geothermal Power Plant.[11]

Administrative divisions

Quezon comprises 39 municipalities and one component city named Tayabas City, which are organized into four legislative districts and further subdivided into 1,209 barangays.

The capital, Lucena City, is independent from the administrative and fiscal supervision of the province, but is eligible to vote for provincial officials.

There is an active movement to declare the Polilo Islands as a separate province from Quezon due to much geographic constraint and cultural differences.

  •    Provincial capital and highly urbanized city
  •    Component city
  •      Municipality
City or municipality[A] District[9] Population ±% p.a. Area[9] Density Brgy. Coordinates[B]
(2015)[2] (2010)[12] km2 sq mi /km2 /sq mi
Agdangan 3rd 0.7% 12,851 11,567 2.02% 31.54 12.18 410 1,100 12 13°52′30″N 121°54′48″E / 13.8749°N 121.9134°E / 13.8749; 121.9134 (Agdangan)
Alabat 4th 0.8% 15,630 16,120 −0.59% 57.61 22.24 270 700 19 14°06′04″N 122°00′44″E / 14.1012°N 122.0121°E / 14.1012; 122.0121 (Alabat)
Atimonan 4th 3.4% 63,432 61,587 0.56% 239.66 92.53 260 670 42 14°00′02″N 121°55′17″E / 14.0006°N 121.9215°E / 14.0006; 121.9215 (Atimonan)
Buenavista 3rd 1.6% 30,047 29,053 0.64% 161.35 62.30 190 490 37 13°44′15″N 122°28′02″E / 13.7376°N 122.4673°E / 13.7376; 122.4673 (Buenavista)
Burdeos 1st 1.4% 26,760 24,166 1.96% 199.82 77.15 130 340 14 14°50′24″N 121°58′12″E / 14.8399°N 121.9700°E / 14.8399; 121.9700 (Burdeos)
Calauag 4th 3.9% 73,139 69,223 1.05% 324.71 125.37 230 600 81 13°57′30″N 122°17′14″E / 13.9582°N 122.2873°E / 13.9582; 122.2873 (Calauag)
Candelaria 2nd 6.3% 117,434 110,570 1.15% 129.10 49.85 910 2,400 25 13°56′00″N 121°25′21″E / 13.9334°N 121.4224°E / 13.9334; 121.4224 (Candelaria)
Catanauan 3rd 3.8% 71,073 65,832 1.47% 253.07 97.71 280 730 46 13°35′34″N 122°19′20″E / 13.5929°N 122.3223°E / 13.5929; 122.3223 (Catanauan)
Dolores 2nd 1.6% 28,891 27,702 0.80% 62.60 24.17 460 1,200 16 14°00′57″N 121°24′04″E / 14.0157°N 121.4011°E / 14.0157; 121.4011 (Dolores)
General Luna 3rd 1.4% 26,494 25,373 0.83% 101.02 39.00 260 670 27 13°41′17″N 122°10′16″E / 13.6881°N 122.1710°E / 13.6881; 122.1710 (General Luna)
General Nakar 1st 1.6% 29,705 25,973 2.59% 1,343.75 518.82 22 57 19 14°45′48″N 121°38′07″E / 14.7634°N 121.6353°E / 14.7634; 121.6353 (General Nakar)
Guinayangan 4th 2.4% 45,155 41,669 1.54% 214.12 82.67 210 540 54 13°53′51″N 122°27′14″E / 13.8974°N 122.4539°E / 13.8974; 122.4539 (Guinayangan)
Gumaca 4th 4.0% 73,877 69,618 1.14% 189.65 73.22 390 1,000 59 13°55′17″N 122°06′05″E / 13.9215°N 122.1015°E / 13.9215; 122.1015 (Gumaca)
Infanta 1st 3.7% 69,079 64,818 1.22% 342.76 132.34 200 520 36 14°44′45″N 121°38′50″E / 14.7458°N 121.6472°E / 14.7458; 121.6472 (Infanta)
Jomalig 1st 0.4% 7,417 6,884 1.43% 56.65 21.87 130 340 5 14°41′49″N 122°19′47″E / 14.6970°N 122.3297°E / 14.6970; 122.3297 (Jomalig)
Lopez 4th 5.1% 95,167 91,074 0.84% 355.38 137.21 270 700 95 13°52′57″N 122°15′40″E / 13.8825°N 122.2611°E / 13.8825; 122.2611 (Lopez)
Lucban 1st 2.8% 51,475 46,698 1.87% 130.46 50.37 390 1,000 32 14°06′52″N 121°33′17″E / 14.1144°N 121.5548°E / 14.1144; 121.5548 (Lucban)
Lucena Lone 266,248 246,392 1.49% 80.21 30.97 3,300 8,500 33 13°56′06″N 121°36′45″E / 13.9350°N 121.6124°E / 13.9350; 121.6124 (Lucena)
Macalelon 3rd 1.5% 28,188 26,419 1.24% 124.05 47.90 230 600 30 13°44′46″N 122°08′13″E / 13.7462°N 122.1369°E / 13.7462; 122.1369 (Macalelon)
Mauban 1st 3.4% 63,819 61,141 0.82% 415.98 160.61 150 390 40 14°11′20″N 121°43′52″E / 14.1889°N 121.7310°E / 14.1889; 121.7310 (Mauban)
Mulanay 3rd 2.9% 53,123 50,826 0.85% 420.00 162.16 130 340 28 13°31′23″N 122°24′15″E / 13.5231°N 122.4043°E / 13.5231; 122.4043 (Mulanay)
Padre Burgos 3rd 1.2% 22,460 20,161 2.08% 69.10 26.68 330 850 22 13°55′00″N 121°48′58″E / 13.9166°N 121.8162°E / 13.9166; 121.8162 (Padre Burgos)
Pagbilao 1st 4.0% 75,023 65,996 2.47% 170.96 66.01 440 1,100 27 13°58′28″N 121°41′07″E / 13.9745°N 121.6854°E / 13.9745; 121.6854 (Pagbilao)
Panukulan 1st 0.7% 13,546 12,511 1.52% 226.61 87.49 60 160 12 14°55′59″N 121°48′58″E / 14.9331°N 121.8160°E / 14.9331; 121.8160 (Panukulan)
Patnanungan 1st 0.8% 14,606 13,865 1.00% 139.20 53.75 100 260 6 14°45′19″N 122°13′01″E / 14.7552°N 122.2169°E / 14.7552; 122.2169 (Patnanungan)
Perez 4th 0.7% 12,173 12,039 0.21% 57.46 22.19 210 540 14 14°11′38″N 121°55′33″E / 14.1938°N 121.9257°E / 14.1938; 121.9257 (Perez)
Pitogo 3rd 1.2% 23,019 21,380 1.42% 73.39 28.34 310 800 39 13°46′59″N 122°05′19″E / 13.7830°N 122.0886°E / 13.7830; 122.0886 (Pitogo)
Plaridel 4th 0.6% 10,935 10,238 1.26% 35.05 13.53 310 800 9 13°57′24″N 122°01′01″E / 13.9568°N 122.0170°E / 13.9568; 122.0170 (Plaridel)
Polillo 1st 1.6% 30,582 28,125 1.61% 253.00 97.68 120 310 20 14°43′03″N 121°56′15″E / 14.7176°N 121.9375°E / 14.7176; 121.9375 (Polillo)
Quezon 4th 0.8% 15,228 15,142 0.11% 71.22 27.50 210 540 24 14°00′22″N 122°11′03″E / 14.0060°N 122.1841°E / 14.0060; 122.1841 (Quezon)
Real 1st 1.9% 35,979 35,189 0.42% 563.89 217.72 64 170 17 14°39′56″N 121°36′13″E / 14.6655°N 121.6036°E / 14.6655; 121.6036 (Real)
Sampaloc 1st 0.7% 13,907 13,107 1.13% 104.78 40.46 130 340 14 14°09′40″N 121°38′18″E / 14.1610°N 121.6382°E / 14.1610; 121.6382 (Sampaloc)
San Andres 3rd 1.9% 35,780 33,586 1.21% 60.99 23.55 590 1,500 7 13°19′25″N 122°40′39″E / 13.3235°N 122.6774°E / 13.3235; 122.6774 (San Andres)
San Antonio 2nd 1.8% 33,467 31,681 1.05% 172.93 66.77 190 490 20 13°53′45″N 121°17′36″E / 13.8957°N 121.2932°E / 13.8957; 121.2932 (San Antonio)
San Francisco (Aurora) 3rd 3.3% 61,473 57,979 1.12% 303.96 117.36 200 520 16 13°20′49″N 122°31′12″E / 13.3469°N 122.5200°E / 13.3469; 122.5200 (San Francisco)
San Narciso 3rd 2.6% 48,461 45,386 1.26% 263.58 101.77 180 470 24 13°33′56″N 122°33′59″E / 13.5656°N 122.5665°E / 13.5656; 122.5665 (San Narciso)
Sariaya 2nd 8.0% 148,980 138,894 1.34% 212.16 81.92 700 1,800 43 13°57′46″N 121°31′27″E / 13.9629°N 121.5243°E / 13.9629; 121.5243 (Sariaya)
Tagkawayan 4th 2.8% 51,832 50,833 0.37% 534.35 206.31 97 250 45 13°57′57″N 122°32′21″E / 13.9657°N 122.5393°E / 13.9657; 122.5393 (Tagkawayan)
Tayabas 1st 5.4% 99,779 91,428 1.68% 230.95 89.17 430 1,100 66 14°01′35″N 121°35′30″E / 14.0263°N 121.5918°E / 14.0263; 121.5918 (Tayabas)
Tiaong 2nd 5.4% 99,712 91,599 1.63% 168.38 65.01 590 1,500 31 13°57′33″N 121°19′22″E / 13.9593°N 121.3228°E / 13.9593; 121.3228 (Tiaong)
Unisan 3rd 1.4% 26,884 25,186 1.25% 124.15 47.93 220 570 36 13°50′21″N 121°58′35″E / 13.8393°N 121.9763°E / 13.8393; 121.9763 (Unisan)
Total[C] 1,856,582 1,740,638 1.24% 8,989.39 3,470.82 210 540 1,209 (see GeoGroup box)
  1. ^ Former names are italicized.
  2. ^ Coordinates mark the town center, and are sortable by latitude.
  3. ^ Total figures exclude the highly urbanized city of Lucena.

Demographics

Population census of
Quezon
YearPop.±% p.a.
1990 1,221,831    
1995 1,359,992+2.03%
2000 1,482,955+1.87%
2007 1,646,510+1.45%
2010 1,740,638+2.04%
2015 1,856,582+1.24%
(excluding Lucena City)
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[2][12][13]

The population of Quezon in the 2015 census was 1,856,582 people,[2] with a density of 210 inhabitants per square kilometre or 540 inhabitants per square mile. When Lucena City is included for geographical purposes, the province's population is 2,122,830 people, with a density of 234/km2 (606/sq mi).

The inhabitants are mostly Tagalogs. The population is concentrated in the flat south-central portion which includes Lucena City, Sariaya, and Candelaria. After World War II, the Infanta area received migrants from Manila, Laguna and Batangas. People from Marinduque moved to the southern part of the Tayabas Isthmus and the Bondoc Peninsula. And people from Bicol Region migrated to Southern Towns of Calauag and Tagkawayan.

Economy

Quezon is the country's leading producer of coconut products such as coconut oil[4] and copra. A large part of the province is covered in coconut plantations. Other major crops are rice, corn, banana, and coffee. Fishing is also a large part of the province's economy.

Notable people

Metro Lucena

Metro Lucena has an estimated population of 700,000 which is mostly concentrated in the flat south-central portion of Quezon, which includes the cities of Lucena City and Tayabas City, Sariaya, Candelaria, Lucban & Pagbilao. The people are often characterized as friendly and hardworking. It is the center of commerce and tourism in Quezon Province.

References

  1. "List of Provinces". PSGC Interactive. Makati City, Philippines: National Statistical Coordination Board. Archived from the original on January 21, 2013. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Census of Population (2015): Highlights of the Philippine Population 2015 Census of Population (Report). PSA. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  3. 1 2 "History of Quezon Province". Provincial Government of Quezon. Retrieved 4 April 2016.
  4. 1 2 Ramos, Lily O. (18 July 2012). "Quezon province's impressive historical and cultural heritage". Balita.ph. Retrieved 4 April 2016.
  5. "Republic Act No. 14; An Act to Change the Name of the Province of Tayabas to Quezon". Chan Robles Virtual Law Library. Retrieved 6 January 2016.
  6. "Republic Act No. 648 - An Act Creating the Subprovince of Aurora, Which Shall Comprise the Municipalities of Baler, Casiguran, Dipaculao and Maria Aurora, Province of Quezon". Chan Robles Virtual Law Library. 14 June 1951. Retrieved 4 April 2016.
  7. "Batas Pambansa Blg. 7 - An Act Separating the Sub-Province of Aurora from the Province of Quezon and Establishing It as an Independent Province". Chan Robles Virtual Law Library. Retrieved 4 April 2016.
  8. "Republic Act No. 9495: An Act Creating the Province of Quezon del Sur". The LAWPHiL Project. September 7, 2007. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  9. 1 2 3 "Province: Quezon". PSGC Interactive. Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
  10. "Active Volcanoes". Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology. 30 July 2008. Retrieved 6 January 2016.
  11. "Makiling-Banahaw". National Geothermal Association of the Philippines, Inc. (NGAP). Retrieved 26 June 2016.
  12. 1 2 Census of Population and Housing (2010): Population and Annual Growth Rates for The Philippines and Its Regions, Provinces, and Highly Urbanized Cities (PDF) (Report). NSO. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  13. "Region IV-A (CALABARZON)". Census of Population and Housing (2010): Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay (Report). NSO. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
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