Ramucirumab
| Monoclonal antibody | |
|---|---|
| Type | Whole antibody |
| Source | Human |
| Target | VEGFR2 (KDR) |
| Clinical data | |
| Trade names | Cyramza |
| Routes of administration | Injection |
| ATC code | L01XC21 (WHO) |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status |
|
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number |
947687-13-0  |
| ChemSpider | none |
| UNII |
D99YVK4L0X  |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C6374H9864N1692O1996S46 |
| Molar mass | 143.6 kg/mol |
| (what is this?) (verify) | |
Ramucirumab[1] (IMC-1121B, trade name Cyramza[2][3]) is a fully human monoclonal antibody (IgG1) developed for the treatment of solid tumors. This drug was developed by ImClone Systems Inc. It was isolated from a native phage display library from Dyax.
Mechanism of action
It is directed against the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2). By binding to VEGFR2 it works as a receptor antagonist blocking the binding of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to VEGFR2. VEGFR2 is known to mediate the majority of the downstream effects of VEGF in angiogenesis.[4]
Approved uses
On April 21, 2014, the FDA approved ramucirumab, as a single agent or with paclitaxel, for treatment of advanced gastric or gastro-esophageal junction adenocarcinoma if the disease has progressed despite fluoropyrimidine- or platinum-containing chemotherapy.[5][6]
On December 12, 2014, the FDA approved ramucirumab in combination with docetaxel, for treatment of metastatic non-small-cell lung carcinoma with disease progression on or after platinum-containing chemotherapy. If the cancer has a sensitizing mutation of EGFR or ALK previous therapy should have included targeted therapy for the genomic tumor aberration.[7]
Clinical trials
On September 26, 2013 the manufacturer Eli Lilly announced that its Phase III study for ramucirumab failed to hit its primary endpoint on progression-free survival among women with metastatic breast cancer.[8][9]
In June 2014, a phase III trial of the drug reported it failed to improve overall survival in liver cancer.[10]
In Feb 2016 it was reported that a phase II trial of adding ramucirumab to docetaxel improved progression-free survival (PFS) compared with docetaxel alone in locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma.[11] It is now in the RANGE phase III trial for this indication.[12]
References
- ↑ Statement On A Nonproprietary Name Adopted By The USAN Council - Ramucirumab, American Medical Association.
- ↑ FierceBiotech: FDA OKs Lilly's blockbuster hopeful ramucirumab for stomach cancer
- ↑ Cyramza official website
- ↑ Ramucirumab (Cyramza) package insert
- ↑ FDA.gov press release for ramucirumab approval, accessed April 22, 2014
- ↑ Ramucirumab gastric cancer regimen & reference
- ↑
- ↑ Clinical trial number NCT00703326 for "Phase III Study of Docetaxel + Ramucirumab or Placebo in Breast Cancer" at ClinicalTrials.gov
- ↑ Fierce Biotech. "In another stinging setback, Eli Lilly's ramucirumab fails PhIII breast cancer study". Retrieved 27 September 2013.
- ↑ http://www.genengnews.com/gen-news-highlights/lilly-s-cyramza-fails-phase-iii-trial-in-liver-cancer/81249964/
- ↑ Ramucirumab Added to Docetaxel Extends PFS in Urothelial Carcinoma.Feb 2016
- ↑ A Study of Ramucirumab (LY3009806) Plus Docetaxel in Participants With Urothelial Cancer (RANGE)