Richard Lester

This article is about the film director. For the Olympic rower, see Richard Lester (rower). For professor of nuclear engineering, see Richard K. Lester.
Richard Lester

Lester in Bologna in 2014
Born Richard Lester Liebman
(1932-01-19) January 19, 1932
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
Nationality American
Occupation Film director
Years active 1960–1991

Richard Lester (born January 19, 1932)[1] is an American film director based in Britain. Lester is notable for his work with the Beatles in the 1960s and his work on the Superman film series in the 1980s.[2]

Early years and television

Lester was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. A child prodigy, he began studies at the University of Pennsylvania at the age of 15. He started in television in 1950, working as a stage hand, floor manager, assistant director and then director in less than a year, because no one else was around who knew how to do the work.[3] In 1953, Lester moved to London and began work as a director in independent television, working for the legendary low cost television producers The Danziger Brothers on episodes of Mark Saber, a half-hour detective series.

A variety show he produced caught the eye of Peter Sellers, who enlisted Lester's help in translating The Goon Show to television as The Idiot Weekly, Price 2d. It was a hit, as were two follow-up shows, A Show Called Fred and Son of Fred.[3][4][5] Lester recalls that A Show Called Fred was "broadcast live and that's why I went into film directing where you can do a second take!"[6]

Film career

The Beatles

A short film Lester made with Spike Milligan and Peter Sellers, The Running Jumping & Standing Still Film (1959), was a favourite of the Beatles, and in particular John Lennon. When the band members were contracted to make a film in 1964, they chose Lester from a list of possible directors. A Hard Day's Night showed an exaggerated and simplified version of The Beatles' characters, and proved to be an effective marketing tool. Many of its stylistic innovations survive today as the conventions of music videos, in particular the multi-angle filming of a live performance. Lester was sent an award from MTV as "Father of the Music Video."[7]

Lester directed the second Beatles film Help! in 1965.[8] Between the two Beatles films, Lester directed the first of several quintessential 'swinging' films, the sex comedy The Knack …and How to Get It, which won the Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival. Subsequent Lester films from the 1960s included Petulia (also with a score by John Barry), as well as the darkly surreal anti-war movie How I Won the War co-starring Lennon, which he referred to as an "anti-anti-war movie"; Lester noted that anti-war movies still took the concept of war seriously, contrasting "bad" war crimes with wars fought for "good" causes like the liberation from Nazism or, at that time, Communism, whereas he set out to deconstruct it to show war as fundamentally opposed to humanity. Although set in World War II, the movie is indeed an oblique reference to the Vietnam War and at one point, breaking the fourth wall, references this directly.

In 1991 he directed a concert film of Paul McCartney entitled Get Back.

Superman

In the 1970s, Lester directed a wide variety of films, including the disaster film Juggernaut, Robin and Marian, starring Sean Connery and Audrey Hepburn and the period romance Cuba, also starring Connery. However his biggest commercial successes in this period were The Three Musketeers and its sequel The Four Musketeers. The films were somewhat controversial at the time because the producers, Alexander and Ilya Salkind, decided to split the first film into two after principal photography was completed. Many of the cast principals sued the Salkinds as a result, stating that they were only contracted to make one film.

Production on Superman II began before Superman was completed, and had to be halted to concentrate on getting the first movie completed. After the first Superman film was released in late 1978, the Salkinds went back into production on Superman II without informing Superman director Richard Donner; they placed Lester behind the camera for the completion of the film. Although Donner had shot a majority of what was planned for the film, Lester jettisoned or reshot much of the original footage so that he could claim sole credit for directing Superman II. Gene Hackman, who played Lex Luthor, refused to return for the reshoots, so Lester instead used a stunt double and an impersonator to loop Luthor's lines onto footage of Hackman shot by Donner. Some of Donner's original footage was later integrated into television versions of the film. In November 2006, Donner's footage was reedited into Superman II: The Richard Donner Cut, consisting primarily of his footage with Lester's footage used only for scenes not shot during Donner's principal photography.

Lester directed Superman III in 1983. The third Superman film was not as well received as its predecessors, yet was considered a box office success.

Later years

In 1984 Lester was awarded the MTV Video Vanguard Award.[9]

In 1988, Lester reunited most of the Three Musketeers cast to film another sequel, The Return of the Musketeers. During filming in Spain, actor Roy Kinnear, a close friend of Lester, died after falling from a horse. Lester finished the film, then unofficially retired from directing, returning only to direct the Paul McCartney concert film in 1991.

In 1993, he presented Hollywood UK, a five-part series on British cinema in the 1960s for the BBC.

In recent years, director Steven Soderbergh has been one of many calling for a reappraisal of Lester's work and influence. Soderbergh wrote a 1999 book, Getting Away With It,[10] which consists of interviews with Lester.

Filmography

Personal life

In Soderbergh's book Getting Away With It, Lester reveals that he is a committed atheist and debates with Soderbergh (then an agnostic), largely based on the arguments of Richard Dawkins. During Lester's time at Penn, he was also a member of the Beta Rho Chapter of Sigma Nu.

Further reading

Notes and references

  1. ↑ The Times 19 January 2009, Retrieved 2010-01-09
  2. ↑ "Richard Lester". Senses of Cinema. Retrieved 2012-10-16.
  3. 1 2 Soderbergh, Steven (1999-11-08). "Richard Lester interviewed by Steven Soderbergh". The Guardian. Retrieved 2008-04-06.
  4. ↑ Scudamore, Pauline (1985). Spike Milligan: A Biography. London: Granada. ISBN 0-246-12275-7. pp.169-170
  5. ↑ Lewis, Roger (1995). The Life and Death of Peter Sellers. London: Arrow Books. ISBN 0-09-974700-6.
  6. ↑ Ventham, Maxine (2002). "Richard Lester". In …. Spike Milligan: His Part in Our Lives. London: Robson. p. 72. ISBN 1-86105-530-7.
  7. ↑ http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0504513/
  8. ↑ Lewis (1995) provides citations for the t.v. shows & films: A Show Called Fred, Son of Fred, Hard Day's Night, Help!, Mouse on the Moon, Running, Jumping Standing Still, and Three Musketeers
  9. ↑ "MTV Music Awards Winners by Category". MTV. Retrieved 2012-10-16.
  10. ↑ Soderbergh, Steven; Lester, Richard, 1932- (1999), Getting away with it, or, The further adventures of the luckiest bastard you ever saw (2nd ed.), Faber and Faber, ISBN 978-0-571-19025-6
Superman film
Preceded by
Richard Donner		 Director
1980–1983 		Succeeded by
Sidney J. Furie
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