SPAM1

SPAM1
Identifiers
Aliases SPAM1, HEL-S-96n, HYA1, HYAL1, HYAL3, HYAL5, PH-20, PH20, SPAG15, sperm adhesion molecule 1
External IDs MGI: 1921718 HomoloGene: 50610 GeneCards: SPAM1
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species Human Mouse
Entrez

6677

74468

Ensembl

ENSG00000106304

ENSMUSG00000029678

UniProt

P38567

n/a

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001174044
NM_001174045
NM_001174046
NM_003117
NM_153189

NM_028957

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001167515.1
NP_001167516.1
NP_001167517.1
NP_003108.2
NP_694859.1

n/a

Location (UCSC) Chr 7: 123.93 – 123.97 Mb Chr 6: 24.86 – 24.89 Mb
PubMed search [1] [2]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Hyaluronidase PH-20 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SPAM1 gene.[3][4][5]

Hyaluronidase degrades hyaluronic acid, a major structural proteoglycan found in extracellular matrices and basement membranes. Six members of the hyaluronidase family are clustered into two tightly linked groups on chromosome 3p21.3 and 7q31.3. This gene was previously referred to as HYAL1 and HYA1 and has since been assigned the official symbol SPAM1; another family member on chromosome 3p21.3 has been assigned HYAL1. This gene encodes a GPI-anchored enzyme located on the human sperm surface and inner acrosomal membrane. This multifunctional protein is a hyaluronidase that enables sperm to penetrate through the hyaluronic acid-rich cumulus cell layer surrounding the oocyte, a receptor that plays a role in hyaluronic acid induced cell signaling, and a receptor that is involved in sperm-zona pellucida adhesion. Abnormal expression of this gene in tumors has implicated this protein in degradation of basement membranes leading to tumor invasion and metastasis. Multiple protein isoforms are encoded by transcript variants of this gene.[5]

References

  1. "Human PubMed Reference:".
  2. "Mouse PubMed Reference:".
  3. Gmachl M, Sagan S, Ketter S, Kreil G (Feb 1994). "The human sperm protein PH-20 has hyaluronidase activity". FEBS Lett. 336 (3): 545–8. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(93)80873-S. PMID 8282124.
  4. Jones MH, Davey PM, Aplin H, Affara NA (Mar 1996). "Expression analysis, genomic structure, and mapping to 7q31 of the human sperm adhesion molecule gene SPAM1". Genomics. 29 (3): 796–800. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.9931. PMID 8575780.
  5. 1 2 "Entrez Gene: SPAM1 sperm adhesion molecule 1 (PH-20 hyaluronidase, zona pellucida binding)".

Further reading


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