STZ-5

The STZ-5 artillery tractor was a product of the Stalingrad Tractor Factory (STZ) (Russian: Сталинградский тракторный завод) from 1937 to 1942 in the Soviet Union. The tractor was designed to tow division to corps level guns and howitzers of 8 tonnes and less. The STZ-5 was one of the few artillery tractors specifically designed by the Soviet government for its role. With over 9900 built it holds the distinction of being the most produced Soviet ‘military’ tractor during the war.

Description

The STZ-5 features a fully enclosed metal, two person crew compartment (cab over engine design) with a flat wood cargo bed with drop down wood side walls. The MA-1 gasoline engine (7.4 l. 4 in-line cylinders) was rated at 52HP (38.8 kW) at 1250 rpm. The STZ-5 was rated to carry 1.5 tonnes of cargo on its bed or tow 8 tonnes or less. Under optimum conditions its 6 gear transmission (5 forward, 1 reverse) could yield a maximum speed of 25 kph (15 mph). It had an operational range of 140 km.

Development

The STZ-5 was designed at the Stalingrad tractor factory with initial work on the project beginning in 1933. The designers borrowed elements and ideas from the British Vickers Carden-Loyd light tank and the American International TA-40 agricultural tractor. Their design goal was to achieve a vehicle capable of acting as a military (towing) tractor and a civilian agricultural tractor. They developed two vehicles on the same chassis and engine, the STZ NATI 1TA (STZ-3) agricultural tractor and the STZ NATI 2TB (STZ-5) military transport. The vehicles were submitted for trial in 1935 and were approved however design refinements for mass production were continued until 1937 when mass production began.

Operational Notes

The STZ-5 was designated to tow division level to corps level guns, howitzers and anti-aircraft guns.

This prime mover was praised for its reliability and good cross country ability. It was criticized for having low power, a narrow track and high ground pressure, which would have led to poor performance in snow and mud.

A small number of these vehicles had the 132mm rocket launcher system attached (BM-13-16). While not a common Soviet weapon system these variants of the STZ-5 were used at the battles around Moscow in 1941 and Stalingrad in 1942.

The German army readily pressed captured STZ-5 tractors into service and designated them as CT3-601(r).

Specifications^[1]

Factory: STZ (Stalingradsky Traktorny Zavod)

Years Produced: 1937-1942

Number produced: 9944

Military service: 1937- 1945

Length: 4.15 m

Width: 1.855 m

Height: 2.36 m

Ground clearance: 29 cm

Wading depth: 0.8 m

Engine: 1MA (7.46 l In-line 4 cylinder petrol), 38.8 kW (52 hp) at 1250 rpm.

Range: 145 km

Maximum speed: 25 km/h

Weight: 5840 kg

Transport mass: 1.5t

Towable mass: 4.5 to 7.25t

References

↑ Vollert, Jochen (2006). Tyagatshi: Soviet Full Tracked Artillery Tractors of WW2 in Red Army and Wehrmacht Service. Tankograd Publishing - Verlag Jochern Vollert; First Edition. Pg. 221

External links

"*Soviet artillery prime movers of WWII - some info” http://forum.axishistory.com/viewtopic.php?t=74221 Retrieved April 2015

Engines of the Red Army – STZ-5 page, http://www.o5m6.de/stz-5.html Retrieved April 2015

"STZ-5 "Stalingradec"" http://www.autogallery.org.ru/m/stz5.htm Retrieved April 2016

Soviet armoured fighting vehicles of World War II

Tanks

Tankettes	T-27

Amphibious tanks	T-37 T-38 T-40

Fast tanks	BT-2/BT-5 BT-7 BT-8

Light tanks	T-18 T-26 T-50 T-60 T-70/T-80

Medium tanks	T-28 T-34 T-44

Heavy tanks	T-35 KV-1/KV-2 IS-2/IS-3

Self-propelled artillery

Guns and anti-tank guns	ZiS-30 SU-5 SU-76 SU-85 SU-100 SU-122 SU-152 ISU-122 ISU-152

Anti-aircraft guns	ZSU-37 T-60Z T-70Z T-90

Armored cars

Light	D-8 D-12 D-13 FAI BA-20 BA-64 PB-4 PB-7 BA-30

Medium	BA-27 BA-I BA-3 BA-6 BA-10

Heavy	BA-11

Aerosani

Aerosani	ANT-IV NKL-16 NKL-26 RF-8 ASD-400

Artillery tractors

Armored Artillery tractors	AT-42 artillery tractor T-26-T Komsomolets Komintern Voroshilovets

Artillery tractors	S-2 Stalinets S-60 Stalinets S-65 Stalinets Kommunar STZ-3 STZ-5 YA-12

Experimental and improvised vehicles

Experimental	SU-14 A-40 flying tank T-43 tank SU-100Y SPG PPG tankette

Improvised	KhTZ-16 IZ NI tank

Soviet Artillery of World War II (naming convention)

Anti-tank guns	37 mm anti-tank gun M1930 (1-K) 45 mm anti-tank gun M1937 (53-K) 45 mm anti-tank gun M1942 (M-42) 57 mm anti-tank gun M1943 (ZiS-2) 100 mm field gun M1944 (BS-3) 100mm D-10 tank gun

Mountain guns	76 mm mountain gun M1909 (76-09) 76 mm mountain gun M1938

Regimental guns	76 mm regimental gun M1927 76 mm regimental gun M1943 (OB-25)

Divisional guns	76 mm divisional gun M1902/30 76 mm divisional gun M1936 (F-22) 76 mm divisional gun M1939 (USV) 76 mm divisional gun M1942 (ZiS-3) 85 mm divisional gun D-44 107 mm divisional gun M1940 (M-60) 122 mm howitzer M1909/37 122 mm howitzer M1910/30 122 mm howitzer M1938 (M-30) 152 mm mortar M1931 (NM)

Corps and Army level guns	107 mm gun M1910/30 122 mm gun M1931 (A-19) 122 mm gun M1931/37 (A-19) 152 mm howitzer M1909/30 152 mm howitzer M1910/37 152 mm howitzer M1938 (M-10) 152 mm howitzer M1943 (D-1) 152 mm gun M1910/30 152 mm gun M1910/34 152 mm howitzer-gun M1937 (ML-20)

Very heavy guns	152 mm gun M1935 (Br-2) 203 mm howitzer M1931 (B-4) 210 mm gun M1939 (Br-17) 280 mm howitzer M1914/15 280 mm mortar M1939 (Br-5) 305 mm howitzer M1939 (Br-18)

Air defense guns	25 mm automatic air defense gun M1940 (72-K) 37 mm automatic air defense gun M1939 (61-K) 76 mm air defense gun M1938 85 mm air defense gun M1939 (52-K)

Category:Artillery tractors

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