Sam Carr

For David Berkowitz's neighbour Sam Carr, see Son of Sam.

For the blues musician, see Sam Carr (musician).

Sam Carr (July 7, 1906–1989) was an organizer for the Communist Party of Canada and, its successor, the Labor-Progressive Party in the 1930s and 1940s. He was born Schmil Kogan in Tomashpil, Ukraine in 1906 and immigrated to Canada in 1924, living in Winnipeg and Regina before settling in Montreal in 1925.^[1] Carr became an organizer for the Young Communist League with Fred Rose.^[1]

In 1931, Carr was arrested with other Communist Party leaders and detained in Kingston Penitentiary for 30 months for being an officer in the party, which had been initially declared illegal in 1931. Following his release from prison he was an organizer of the 1935 On to Ottawa Trek.^[2]

He was the editor of the Communist Party's newspaper, The Clarion, before fleeing to the United States with other party leaders in 1940 when the party was again declared illegal. When the Soviet Union became an ally later in the war as a result of the German invasion of the USSR, those party leaders such as Carr and Tim Buck who had gone underground turned themselves into the authorities in 1942 and were released after ten days on the promise that they would refrain from communist activities. As a result, the Labor-Progressive Party was formed in 1943 as a legal front for the party - Carr became its national organizer.^[1]^[2]

In 1946, after a cypher clerk in the Soviet embassy in Ottawa, Igor Gouzenko, defected to Canada, a warrant was issued for Carr's arrest and he again fled to the United States. A Royal Commission on Espionage was called to investigate his activities. In 1949 he was found guilty of conspiracy to obtain a false passport, and was imprisoned for seven years after which he moved to Poland.^[1] Carr was one of the principal recruiters of spies for the USSR in Canada.^[1]

Upon his release from prison Carr was no longer a member of the party but became active in the left wing progressive organization, the United Jewish Peoples' Order (UJPO), until his death in 1989. He wrote for the UJPO magazine under the pen name George Lewis.

Carr's nephew was Canadian broadcaster Percy Saltzman.^[3]

References

1 2 3 4 5 Sam Carr Biography
1 2 What made Sam run?, Time Magazine, February 7, 1949
↑ http://www.percysaltzman.com/Percy-Saltzman-Biography.htm

Canada in the Cold War

Events	1972 Summit Series 1974 Summit Series

Defectors	Igor Gouzenko Mikhail Baryshnikov Tamás Buday Igor Vasilyevich Ivanov Yuri Bezmenov

Alleged Soviet agents	Lauchlin Currie Fred Rose Sam Carr E. Herbert Norman John Watkins

Military	NORAD DEW Line Mid-Canada Line Pinetree Line Canadian Forces Europe Avro Canada CF-105 Arrow Canada and weapons of mass destruction Bomarc Missile

Other	Emergency Government Headquarters Canada–Soviet Union relations Young Communist League of Canada Kellock–Taschereau Commission Radar Station

Soviet and Russian spies

In the US

1940s and before	John Abt Joel Barr Elizabeth Bentley Boris Bykov Whittaker Chambers Lona Cohen Morris Cohen Judith Coplon Noel Field Klaus Fuchs Harold Glasser Harry Gold Mihail Gorin David Greenglass Theodore Hall John Herrmann Alger Hiss Donald Hiss George Koval William Malisoff Hede Massing Boris Morros Isaiah Oggins William Perl Victor Perlo J. Peters Ward Pigman Lee Pressman Vincent Reno Julius Rosenberg Alfred Sarant Saville Sax Morton Sobell Alexander Ulanovsky Julian Wadleigh Harold Ware Bill Weisband Nathaniel Weyl Harry Dexter White Maria Wicher Nathan Witt Flora Wovschin Anatoli Yatskov

1950s and 1960s	Rudolf Abel Jack Dunlap Reino Häyhänen Robert Lee Johnson Jack Soble Myra Soble Robert Soblen

1970s and after	Aldrich Ames David Sheldon Boone Christopher John Boyce Evgeny Buryakov Thomas Patrick Cavanaugh Anna Chapman James Hall III Robert Hanssen Edward Lee Howard Karl Koecher Andrew Daulton Lee Clayton J. Lonetree Richard Miller Harold James Nicholson Ronald Pelton Earl Edwin Pitts Illegals Program Robert Thompson George Trofimoff John Anthony Walker Jerry Whitworth

In the UK

Cambridge Five	Anthony Blunt Guy Burgess John Cairncross Donald Maclean Kim Philby

Portland Spy Ring	Lona Cohen Morris Cohen Ethel Gee Harry Houghton Konon Molody

Michael Bettaney George Blake David Crook Litzi Friedmann Klaus Fuchs Melita Norwood Alan Nunn May John Peet Geoffrey Prime Goronwy Rees Michael John Smith Dave Springhall John Alexander Symonds Edith Tudor Hart John Vassall Arthur Wynn

In Canada

In Japan

Elsewhere

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