Sarma (Tibetan Buddhism)

In Tibetan Buddhism, the Sarma (Tibetan: གསར་མ, Wylie: gsar ma ) or "New Translation" schools include the three newer (Kagyu, Sakya and Gelug) of the four main schools,^[1] comprising the following traditions and their sub-branches with their roots in the 11th century:

• Kagyu
• Sakya
• Kadam and Gelug
• the minority Jonang school.

The Nyingma, a name contemporary to the emergence of the above schools in the 11th century, is the sole snga 'gyur (Tibetan: སྔ་འགྱུར། ) "Old Translation" school^[1] and is often equated as originating with the widespread introduction of Buddhism to Tibet around the turn of the 8th century.

References

1. Newman, Bruce (1 January 2004). "A Beginner's Guide to Tibetan Buddhism". Snow Lion Publications – via Google Books.