List of political self-immolations
This is a list of notable self-immolations done for political reasons. Non-political self-immolations are not included in the list. Self-immolation has become an increasingly used protest tactic among Tibetans protesting rule of Tibet by China[1] and Arabs against various Arab governments.[2]
List
1960s
Date | Name | Age | Country | Protesting | Notes and references |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
June 11, 1963 | Đức, Thích QuảngThích Quảng Đức | 66 | South Vietnam | Persecution of Buddhists by government of Ngô Đình Diệm | Led to several other monks and nuns committing the same act before Diệm was toppled. The photo, photographed by Malcolm Browne, became well-associated with his political protest. |
January 25, 1964 | Chinnasami | 27 | India | For preservation of the Tamil language | Inspired 5 other self-immolations.[3] |
March 16, 1965 | Herz, AliceAlice Herz | 82 | United States | Vietnam War | Women Strike for Peace. |
November 2, 1965 | Morrison, NormanNorman Morrison | 31 | United States | Vietnam War | Committed act in front of preschool-aged daughter.[4] |
November 9, 1965 | LaPorte, Roger AllenRoger Allen LaPorte | 22 | United States | Vietnam War | Catholic Worker.[5] |
July 12, 1966 | Liangqing, Liangqing | 70 | China | Destruction of the Famen Temple | Buddhist monk[6] |
May 16, 1967 | Nhất Chi MaiNhất Chi Mai | 34 | South Vietnam | Vietnam War | [7] |
October 15, 1967 | Beaumont, FlorenceFlorence Beaumont | 55 | United States | Vietnam War | [8] |
November 12, 1967 | Yui Chunoshin | 73 | Japan | Vietnam War | Esperantist.[9][10][11] |
September 8, 1968 | Siwiec, RyszardRyszard Siwiec | 59 | Poland | Poland's participation in Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia (1968) | Died in hospital four days later. |
November 5, 1968 | Makukh, VasylVasyl Makukh | 40 | Soviet Union | Soviet rule in Ukraine | [12] |
January 16, 1969 | Palach, JanJan Palach | 20 | Czechoslovakia | Communist rule in Czechoslovakia | Student. Inspired a number of self-immolations in protest of Soviet satellite states. |
January 20, 1969 | Bauer, SándorSándor Bauer | 17 | Hungary | Communist rule in Hungary | [13] |
February 25, 1969 | Zajíc, JanJan Zajíc | 19 | Czechoslovakia | Communist rule in Czechoslovakia | Student. |
April 2, 1969 | Plocek, EvženEvžen Plocek | 39 | Czechoslovakia | Communist rule in Czechoslovakia | Businessman. |
April 9, 1969 | Rips, EliyahuEliyahu Rips | 20 | Soviet Union | Communist rule in Czechoslovakia | Survived, became professor of mathematics. |
May 30, 1969 | Mayrock, BruceBruce Mayrock | 20 | United States | Genocide against Biafra in the Nigerian Civil War | Columbia University student. Died in hospital several hours later. |
1970s
Date | Name | Age | Country | Protesting | Notes and references |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
February 13, 1970 | Moyses, MártonMárton Moyses | 28 | Romania | Communist rule in Romania | |
May 10, 1970 | Winne, Jr., GeorgeGeorge Winne, Jr. | 23 | United States | Vietnam War | Student at the University of California, San Diego. Died the next day.[14] |
September 19, 1970 | Georgakis, KostasKostas Georgakis | 22 | Greece | Military rule in Greece | Student at the University of Genoa |
September 19, 1970 | Elosegi, JosebaJoseba Elosegi | 54 | Spain | Bombing of Guernica in 1937 | Survived |
November 13, 1970 | Tae-il, JeonJeon Tae-il | 22 | South Korea | For more robust labour laws and the government's opposition to reform | |
May 14, 1972 | Kalanta, RomasRomas Kalanta | 19 | Soviet Union | Communist rule in Lithuania | Inspired largest post-war riots in occupied Lithuania and USSR, and 13 other self-immolations |
June 6, 1972 | Gaulin, HuguetteHuguette Gaulin | 28 | Canada | [15] | |
August 10, 1976 | Kalinauskas, AntanasAntanas Kalinauskas | 19 | Soviet Union | Communist rule in Lithuania | In Soviet Army barracks in Gulbene, Latvia. Died next day. |
August 22, 1976 | Brüsewitz, OskarOskar Brüsewitz | 46 | East Germany | Communist rule in East Germany | Lutheran pastor |
February 10, 1977 | Escoffier, AlainAlain Escoffier | 27 | France | Communism | |
November 16, 1977 | Gründler, HartmutHartmut Gründler | 37 | West Germany | Atomic policy | |
January 21, 1978 | Hirnyk, OleksaOleksa Hirnyk | 65 | Soviet Union | Communist rule in Ukraine | |
June 23, 1978 | Mamut, MusaMusa Mamut | 46 | Soviet Union | Persecution of Crimean Tatars | Died after five days[16] |
October 3, 1978 | Phillips, LynetteLynette Phillips | 24 | Switzerland | Social protest | Lynette Phillips had previously planned to burn herself to death outside the British Houses of Parliament in London, but upon receiving word of this, British authorities deported her. She changed her plan and decided to self-immolate outside the United Nations headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland. She protested against "inhumanity, injustice and irrationality prevalent in our society". She died on the spot.[17] |
1980s
Date | Name | Age | Country | Protesting | Notes and references |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
March 21, 1981 | Arosenius, Per-AxelPer-Axel Arosenius | 60 | Sweden | Taxes | |
August 10, 1982 | Penik, ArtinArtin Penik | 61 | Turkey | ASALA attack at Esenboğa International Airport | |
November 2, 1983 | Acevedo, SebastiánSebastián Acevedo | Chile | Kidnapping of his children by the Chilean police during the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet | [18] | |
March 2, 1989 | Babeş, Liviu CornelLiviu Cornel Babeş | 47 | Romania | Communist rule in Romania | [19] Set himself on fire on ski slope, died at hospital two hours later. |
March 2, 1989 | Vičiulis, VytautasVytautas Vičiulis | 37 | Soviet Union | Communist rule in Lithuania | |
March 24, 1989 | Pawar, KailashKailash Pawar | India | To draw attention to plight of Bhopal gas victims and protest public indifference | [20] Original story published in The Hindu, March 26, 1990. | |
April 7, 1989 | Nan-jung, ChengCheng Nan-jung | 41 | Taiwan | For freedom of speech and Taiwan independence | |
May 19, 1989 | I-hua, ChanChan I-hua | 32 | Taiwan | For freedom of speech and Taiwan independence | During funeral procession of Cheng Nan-jung[21] |
1990s
Date | Name | Age | Country | Protesting | Notes and references |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
April 26, 1990 | Žemaitis, StanislovasStanislovas Žemaitis | 52 | Soviet Union | Communist rule in Lithuania | Protesting Soviet economic blockade of Lithuania. Died next day in Moscow hospital. |
April 29, 1990 | Park, SungheeSunghee Park | 19 | South Korea | Political situation in South Korea | Self-immolated during students' protest against the South Korean regime. Died May 19, 1991. |
May 9, 1990 | Daugintis, RimantasRimantas Daugintis | 55 | Soviet Union | Communist rule in Lithuania | Lithuanian sculptor self-immolated on Hungarian-Soviet border. Died after a few days. |
September 19, 1990 | Goswami, RajivRajiv Goswami | 19 | India | Reservation in India | Survived.[22] |
October 14, 1990 | Klingchuea, ThanawutThanawut Klingchuea | 20 | Thailand | Government of Chatichai Choonhavan | Ramkhamhaeng University student[23] |
February 18, 1991 | Levey, GregoryGregory Levey | 30 | United States | Gulf War | Amherst Common, MA.[24] |
September 21, 1991 | Abesadze, GiorgiGiorgi Abesadze | 35 | Georgia | Looming civil war in Georgia | Physician[25] |
April 29, 1993 | Bamford, GrahamGraham Bamford | 48 | United Kingdom | War in Bosnia and Herzegovina | 'The British army must not be a guard of honor at a mass funeral. Bosnian babies, children, and womenfolk are waiting for the politicians to do what they know they should - give them military protection.'[26] |
February 21, 1994 | Darabi, HomaHoma Darabi | 54 | Iran | Women's rights after the Iranian Revolution | Biography Rage Against the Veil written by sister Parvin Darabi |
April 25, 1995 | Elstner, ReinholdReinhold Elstner | 75 | Germany | Demonization of German soldiers after World War II | |
September 3, 1995 | Kratze, SabineSabine Kratze | 25 | Vietnam | Trial of six Buddhist monks | |
October 22, 1996 | Change, KathyKathy Change | 46 | United States | For directly democratic community-based self-government | |
January 13, 1998 | Ormando, AlfredoAlfredo Ormando | 29 | Italy | Roman Catholic Church's condemnation of homosexuality | |
April 27, 1998 | Ngodup, ThuptenThupten Ngodup | 60 | India | Political situation in Tibet | Ex-monk. In protest of police interference with unto-death hunger-strike in Delhi. Died two days later in hospital after visit by the Dalai Lama.[27][28][29] |
February 16, 1999 | Coşkun, NeclaNecla Coşkun | 14 | United Kingdom | Arrest of Abdullah Öcalan | Survived.[30] |
2000s
Date | Name | Age | Country | Protesting | Notes and references |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
January 21, 2001 | various | – | China | See Tiananmen Square self-immolation incident | [31] |
April 2, 2001 | Kayani, ShahrazShahraz Kayani | 48 | Australia | Government refusal to grant entry to his wife and daughters | Pakistani refugee[32] |
June 23, 2003 | Hassani, NedaNeda Hassani | 26 | United Kingdom | Raid on and arrest of members of the People's Mujahedin of Iran | In front of the French embassy in London. Died on the spot. There were at least 4 other self-immolations protesting the same.[33] |
July 21, 2004 | Cohen, Mordehai (Hamimo)Mordehai (Hamimo) Cohen | 30 | Israel | Rejection of work license | Set himself on fire during a City Hall assembly[34] |
August 17, 2005 | Businov, YelenaYelena Businov | 54 | Israel | Protest against Israel's unilateral disengagement plan | [35] |
August 31, 2005 | Ben Menahem, BaruchBaruch Ben Menahem | 21 | Israel | Protest against Israel's unilateral disengagement plan | [36] |
March 28, 2006 | Fortulaki, EleftheriyaEleftheriya Fortulaki | Greece | Treatment of Kurds in Turkey | [37] | |
November 3, 2006 | Ritscher, MalachiMalachi Ritscher | 52 | United States | War in Iraq | Died at the scene.[38] |
June 11, 2006 | Joshi, PravinPravin Joshi | 30 | India | Screening of Fanaa | Died 9 days later.[39] |
October 31, 2006 | Weisselberg, RolandRoland Weisselberg | 73 | Germany | Spread of Islam | Former Lutheran pastor self-immolated in a monastery in Erfurt. Died the following day.[40] |
March 7, 2007 | Bhandari, UddhavUddhav Bhandari | 40 | United Kingdom | Asylum policy | Nepali asylum seeker[41] |
April 1, 2007 | Se-uk, HeoHeo Se-uk | 54 | South Korea | South Korea – United States Free Trade Agreement | [42] |
October 1, 2008 | Tapia, Ramiro GuillénRamiro Guillén Tapia | 65 | Mexico | Local government in the city of Xalapa | [43] |
January 29, 2009 | Muthukumar, KumarKumar Muthukumar | 26 | India | Killing of the Sri Lankan Tamils | Inspired several other self-immolations[44] |
February 12, 2009 | Varnakulasingham, MurugathasanMurugathasan Varnakulasingham | 26 | Switzerland | Killing of the Sri Lankan Tamils | Inspired several other self-immolations[45] |
February 27, 2009 | Tapey | mid-20s | China | Political situation in Tibet | Monk, Kirti Monastery, Ngaba. Shot[46] by Chinese police while on fire, and then taken away by them. Status unknown.[46] |
November 13, 2009 | Fu-zhen, TangTang Fu-zhen | 47 | China | Forced demolition of her home | Died on November 29.[47] |
December 3, 2009 | Srikanth Chary, KasojuKasoju Srikanth Chary | 24 | India | For statehood of Telangana | Died on December 4.[48] |
2010s
Date | Name | Age | Country | Protesting | Notes and references |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
February 20, 2010 | Yadaiah, SiripurSiripur Yadaiah | 19 | India | For statehood of Telangana | Student. Self immolated at the main gate of Osmania University, Hyderabad. Died the next day in hospital.[49][50] |
July 31, 2010 | Reddy, EshanEshan Reddy | 20's | India | For statehood of Telangana | Student; set himself on fire as an offering for a deity for the cause of statehood.[51] |
September 10, 2010 | Zhongcheng, YeYe Zhongcheng | 79 | China | Forced demolition of their home | Zhongcheng self-immolated with two family members and died on September 18.[52] |
December 17, 2010 | Bouazizi, MohamedMohamed Bouazizi | 26 | Tunisia | Corruption in government | Inspired the Tunisian revolution leading to ouster of President Ben Ali and further revolutions of the Arab Spring. Died January 4, 2011.[53] |
January 16, 2011 | Reddy, VenugopalaVenugopala Reddy | 20's | India | For statehood of Telangana | MCA student immolated himself near his university auditorium,died on the spot.[54] |
January 16, 2011 | Bouterfif, MohsenMohsen Bouterfif | – | Algeria | Unemployment and housing | Inspired by Bouazizi's self-immolation in Tunisia.[55] |
January 16, 2011 | Bhavani, Bhavani | 18 | India | For statehood of Telangana | [56] |
January 17, 2011 | Dahoud, Yacoub OuldYacoub Ould Dahoud | 43 | Mauritania | Political situation in Mauritania | [57] |
February 21, 2011 | Mustafa, MohdMohd Mustafa | 40 | India | For statehood of Telangana | [58] |
March 16, 2011 | Phuntsog, RigzinRigzin Phuntsog | 21 | China | Political situation in Tibet | Monk of Kirti Monastery. In Ngaba, Amdo. Beaten by police before they extinguished the flames. Died in hospital.[59][60][61] |
June 15, 2011 | Ball, Thomas JamesThomas James Ball | 58 | United States | Father's rights and family court injustice | Self immolated on the steps of a family courthouse in New Hampshire. Died on the spot.[62] |
August 15, 2011 | Norbu, TsewangTsewang Norbu | 29 | China | Political situation in Tibet | Monk of Nyitso monastery in Kham Tawu. In Tawu. Died soon afterwards.[59][61][63] |
August 28, 2011 | Senkodi, Senkodi | 27 | India | Convictions in the Assassination of Rajiv Gandhi case | A Tamil woman immolated herself in front of a tahsil office at Kanchipuram to protest death sentences of A. G. Perarivalan, V. Sriharan (alias Murugan), and T. Suthendraraja (alias Santhan). She died the same day.[64] |
September 16, 2011 | Polyzonis, ApostolosApostolos Polyzonis | 55 | Greece | European sovereign-debt crisis | Man set himself on fire in front of a bank in Thessaloniki.[65] |
September 26, 2011 | Kunchok, LobsangLobsang Kunchok | 18 | China | Political situation in Tibet | Monk of Kirti Monastery. In Ngaba, Amdo. Set fire to himself, together with Lobsang Kelsang.[61][66] |
September 26, 2011 | Kelsang, LobsangLobsang Kelsang | 18 | China | Political situation in Tibet | Monk of Kirti Monastery. In Ngaba, Amdo. Set fire to himself, together with Lobsang Kunchok.[61][67] |
October 3, 2011 | Wangchuk, KelsangKelsang Wangchuk | 17 | China | Political situation in Tibet | Monk of Kirti Monastery. In Ngaba, Amdo. Beaten and taken away by security personnel.[68] |
October 7, 2011 | Kayang, Kayang | 17 | China | Political situation in Tibet | Former monk of Kirti Monastery. In Ngaba, Amdo. Clasped hands with Choepel; died.[61][69] |
October 7, 2011 | Choepel, Choepel | 19 | China | Political situation in Tibet | Former monk of Kirti Monastery. In Ngaba, Amdo. Clasped hands with Kayang; died.[61][70] China Daily reported they were "slightly injured".[71] |
October 15, 2011 | Damdrul, NorbuNorbu Damdrul | 19 | China | Political situation in Tibet | Former monk of Kirti Monastery. In Ngaba, Amdo. Kicked and removed from scene by authorities. Current status unknown.[61][72] |
October 17, 2011 | Wangmo, TenzinTenzin Wangmo | 20 | China | Political situation in Tibet | Nun of Mame Dechen Chokorling. In Ngaba, Amdo. Died.[61][73] |
October 21, 2011 | Wang, Wang | 42 | China | Legal inequalities in China | At Tiananmen Square, Beijing. Taken to hospital by police; evidence at scene erased immediately.[61][74] |
October 26, 2011 | Tsering, DawaDawa Tsering | 38 | China | Political situation in Tibet | Monk of Kardze Monastery. In Kardze, Amdo. Current status unknown.[61][75] |
November 3, 2011 | Choetso, PaldenPalden Choetso | 35 | China | Political situation in Tibet | Nun in Tawu, Kardze. Reported deceased by Xinhua.[61][76][77] |
November 4, 2011 | Tsedor, SherabSherab Tsedor | 25 | China | Political situation in Tibet | Layperson. Outside Chinese embassy in New Delhi. Overpowered by police and hospitalized with minor burns.[78][79][80] |
November 11, 2011 | Gebre, YenesewYenesew Gebre | 29 | Ethiopia | Corruption of dictatorship government | Inspired by Bouazizi's self-immolation in Tunisia.[81] |
December 1, 2011 | Phuntsok, TenzinTenzin Phuntsok | 46[82] | China | Political situation in Tibet | Ex-monk, Karma Monastery, Chamdo.[83][84] Died on December 6, 2011, in Chamdo Hospital in Tibet[82] Reported in China Daily, as a "farmer" who "is considered eccentric".[85] |
December 7, 2011 | Hutagalung, SondangSondang Hutagalung | 22 | Indonesia | Disputed | [86] |
January 6, 2012 | Tennyi, Tennyi | Around 20 | China | Political situation in Tibet | [87] |
January 6, 2012 | Tsultrim, Tsultrim | Around 20 | China | Political situation in Tibet | [88] |
January 8, 2012 | Sopa Tulku/Wangyal, SonamSonam Wangyal | 42 | China | Political situation in Tibet | [89][90] |
January 14, 2012 | Losang, JamyangJamyang Losang | 20s | China | Political situation in Tibet | Former monk of Andu monastery. In Ngaba, Amdo. Deceased.[91] |
February 3, 2012 | Tsering, TsaptaiTsaptai Tsering, Kyarel, Kyarel, and unknown name | 60, 30, unknown | China | Political situation in Tibet | Three laypersons. In Serthar. Incident published in several places, but unconfirmed.[92][93] |
February 8, 2012 | Dorje, RigzinRigzin Dorje (Rinzin) | Around 18 | China | Political situation in Tibet | Former monk of Kirti Monastery. In Ngaba, Amdo. Died February 21 in hospital.[94] |
February 9, 2012 | Rabyang, SonamSonam Rabyang | 30s | China | Political situation in Tibet | Monk of Lab Monastery. In Tridu town, Yushu County, Kham. Taken to hospital; condition unclear.[95] |
February 11, 2012 | Choedron, TenzinTenzin Choedron | 18 | China | Political situation in Tibet | Nun of Mame Dechen Chokorling. In Ngaba, Amdo. Taken away by soldiers and police, and died shortly afterward.[96][97] |
February 13, 2012 | Gyatso, LobsangLobsang Gyatso | 19 | China | Political situation in Tibet | Monk of Kirti Monastery. In Ngaba, Amdo. Current status unknown.[98][99] |
March 4, 2012 | Rinchen, Rinchen | 32 | China | Political situation in Tibet | Occupation unknown. In Ngaba, Amdo. Died on the spot.[100] |
March 5, 2012 | Dorje, Dorje (Dorjee) | 18 | China | Political situation in Tibet | Occupation unknown. In Ngaba, Amdo. Deceased.[101] |
March 10, 2012 | Gapey, Gapey (Gepey) | 18 | China | Political situation in Tibet | Monk of Kirti Monastery. In Ngaba, Amdo. Died on the spot.[102] |
March 13, 2012 | Palden, JamyangJamyang Palden | 30s | China | Political situation in Tibet | Monk of Rongpo monastery, Rebkong, Amdo. Current status unknown.[103] |
March 16, 2012 | Tsultrim, LobsangLobsang Tsultrim | 20 | China | Political situation in Tibet | Monk of Kirti Monastery. In Ngaba, Amdo. Died in custody.[104] |
March 17, 2012 | Thargyal, SonamSonam Thargyal (Dargye, Dhargay) | 44 | China | Political situation in Tibet | Farmer in Rebkong, Amdo. Died on the spot.[105][106] |
March 24, 2012 | Naik, L BhojaL Bhoja Naik | 21 | India | For statehood of Telangana | MBA student set himself on fire in front of his college. Died on the spot.[107] |
March 26, 2012 | Yeshi, JampelJampel Yeshi | 20 | India | Political situation in Tibet | Layperson in Delhi. Died 2 days later in hospital.[108][109] |
March 26, 2012 | Rajmouli | 40 | India | For statehood of Telangana | [110][111] |
March 26, 2012 | Goud, B.R.B.R. Goud | n/a | India | For statehood of Telangana | [110] |
March 27, 2012 | Pallavi, Pallavi | 17 | India | For statehood of Telangana | Later died in hospital.[112] |
March 27, 2012 | Ilaiah, KalakanchiKalakanchi Ilaiah | 30 | India | For statehood of Telangana | Scrap dealer.[113] |
March 28, 2012 | Uppalaiah, KK Uppalaiah | 30 | India | For statehood of Telangana | [114] |
March 28, 2012 | Sherab, LobsangLobsang Sherab | 20 | China | Political situation in Tibet | Monk of Kirti Monastery.[115] In Ngaba, Amdo. Died on the spot.[116][117] |
March 28, 2012 | Srikanth, SripuramSripuram Srikanth | 23 | India | For statehood of Telangana | Died on March 30 at the Osmania General Hospital.[118] |
March 30, 2012 | Dhargyal, TenpaTenpa Dhargyal (Darjey) | 22 | China | Political situation in Tibet | Monk of Tsodun monastery, Barkham, Amdo. Forcibly removed to hospital by Chinese security forces. Current status unknown.[119][120] |
March 30, 2012 | Palden, ChimeyChimey Palden (Chime) | 21 | China | Political situation in Tibet | Monk of Tsodun monastery, Barkham, Amdo. Forcibly removed to hospital by Chinese security forces.[120][121] Died later that day around midnight.[122] |
March 30, 2012 | Shankar, ShyamapuriShyamapuri Shankar | 24 | India | For statehood of Telangana | [123] |
March 30, 2012 | Suresh, BandavathBandavath Suresh | 25 | India | For statehood of Telangana | Suffered 50% burns.[124] |
May 27, 2012 | Tseten, DorjeeDorjee Tseten and Dargye | 19 & 25 | China | Political situation in Tibet | In front of the Jokhang Temple in Lhasa[125] |
July 14, 2012 | Silman, MosheMoshe Silman | 57 | Israel | Social justice march in Tel Aviv | Social justice activist, suffered 90% burns.[126] Died of his wounds on July 20 in an Israeli hospital.[127] |
July 16, 2012 | Vaknin, ZionZion Vaknin[128] | 46 | Israel | Social injustice protest | At Beersheba's city hall, in protest of debts.[129] |
July 18, 2012 | Gerasimovna, ValentinaValentina Gerasimovna | 57 | Russia | A woman attempted self-immolation at the public reception center of the ruling United Russia party in Novosibirsk. She earlier addressed the party's public reception center for legal advice as an apartment buyer.[130][131] Died in a hospital.[132] | |
July 20, 2012 | Mafi, AkivaAkiva Mafi | 45 | Israel | Social injustice protest | Akiva Mafi[133] (45) Disabled IDF veteran sets himself on fire in Yehud, on behalf of wounded veterans.[134][135] Died August 1, 2012.[136] New agency established to prevent more cases. |
July 30, 2012 | Đặng Thị Kim Liêng | 64 | Vietnam | Against 2011 crackdown on Vietnamese youth activists[137] | Tạ Phong Tần's mother. Set herself on fire in the early morning, died en route to the hospital in the afternoon of the same Monday.[138] |
February 18, 2013 | Marechkov, TrayanTrayan Marechkov | 26 | Bulgaria | Part of the 2013 Bulgarian protests | Died on the spot, at a central crossroads, in front of the central office of a private bank in Veliko Tarnovo.[139][140] |
February 20, 2013 | Goranov, PlamenPlamen Goranov | 36 | Bulgaria | Part of the 2013 Bulgarian protests against the Borisov cabinet | Protested corruption and monopolies,[141] and demanded the resignation of Varna's mayor Kiril Yordanov and the Municipal Council.[142] Mountain climber and photographer. Set himself alight in front of the Varna municipality. Died 11 days later in hospital.[143][144] |
February 26, 2013 | Vasilev, VentzislavVentzislav Vasilev | 53 | Bulgaria | Part of the 2013 Bulgarian protests | Father of five.[145] Set himself on fire in Radnevo. Died in hospital two weeks later. |
March 13, 2013 | Dimitrov, DimitarDimitar Dimitrov | 51 | Bulgaria | Part of the 2013 Bulgarian protests | Set himself on fire in front of the Presidential Palace in Sofia. Hospitalized with life-threatening injuries.[146][147] |
March 20, 2013 | Yovchev, TodorTodor Yovchev | 40 | Bulgaria | Part of the 2013 Bulgarian protests | Died on March 22[148] |
May 24, 2013 | Indarathana, BowatteBowatte Indarathana | 30 | Sri Lanka | Against the slaughtering of cattle and forced conversion of Buddhists to other religions in Sri Lanka[149] | |
June 20, 2014 | Hoang, ThuThu Hoang | 71 | United States | Apparent protest by a Vietnamese man of a Chinese state-owned oil rig being placed into waters contested by Vietnam in the South China Sea [150] | |
June 23, 2014 | Moore, Charles R.Charles R. Moore | 79 | United States | Social injustice[151] | Set himself alight in a strip mall parking lot, died upon arrival at hospital. |
November 3, 2014 | Petrova, LidiaLidia Petrova | 38 | Bulgaria | Social injustice protest | In Sofia. Her motives for self-immolation currently remains unknown. She died a few days later. |
March 14, 2015 | Asakere, YounesYounes Asakere | 34 | Iran | Discrimination of Ahwazi Arabs | Self-immolated after local authorities confiscated his vendor stall in Khorramshahr. Died on March 22.[152] Inspired a mass protest which resulted in arrests of some 1,000 people and further self-immolations.[153] |
August 12, 2015 | Yeon-yeol, ChoiChoi Yeon-yeol | 80 | South Korea | Japanese colonization of Korea and military conduct during WWII[154] | Set himself on fire in a flower bed near the Japanese embassy in Seoul during an anti-Japan protest by "comfort women" (survivors of WWII Japanese military brothels). Injuries sustained were not life-threatening. Condition Pending.[155] |
October 18, 2015 | Amini, KhodayarKhodayar Amini | 30 | Australia | Australian refugee policy | He self-immolated in Melbourne during a video call to his advocates.[156] |
October 24, 2015 | Bektibaev, ErlanErlan Bektibaev | 20 | Kazakhstan | Social injustice protest | Doused himself with gasoline and set himself on fire on October 24 in front of the Taraz headquarters of the ruling Nur Otan party in Taraz. Bektibayev was rushed to hospital, but later died of his burns. |
April 27, 2016 | Masoumali, OmidOmid Masoumali | 23 | Nauru | Australian refugee policy | Iranian refugee self-immolated at an Australian refugee detention camp during a visit to the camp by representatives of a UNHCR fundraising arm (Australia For UNHCR) who told the refugees to expect to remain on Nauru for "another ten years".[157] After more than 24 hours without adequate medical attention he was airlifted by private contractor to Brisbane, Australia where he died on 29 April 2016 from his burns.[158] |
May 2, 2016 | Yasi, HodanHodan Yasi | 21 | Nauru | Australian refugee policy | In Australian Refugee Detention camp. Woman from Somalia (variously referred to as Hadon/Hodan and Yasin/Yasi) was airlifted from Nauru to Brisbane[159] but her condition as at late May 2016 is shrouded in secrecy. It seems she may still be alive, since her death would have to be reported under Queensland Law and an inquest into her death held as she would be deemed to be a "Death in Custody" had she died. |
See also
References
- ↑ Sharon LaFraniere, More Monks Die by Fire in Protest of Beijing, New York Times, January 9, 2012
- ↑ Nada Bakri, Self-Immolation Is on the Rise in the Arab World, New York Times, January 20, 2012.
- ↑ Language, Emotion, and Politics in South India. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
- ↑ "The Pacifists". Time Magazine, November 12, 1965; accessed July 23, 2007.
- ↑ Buckley, Thomas. "Man, 22, Immolates Himself In Antiwar Protest at U.N." New York Times (1857–Current file); November 10, 1965; ProQuest Historical Newspapers search( New York Times (1851–2004)).
- ↑ "Chinese Author Hu Ping Analyses Tibet Self-Immolation Actions". The Tibet Post International. 20 August 2012. Retrieved 2016-11-26.
- ↑ Thomas Merton and Thich Nhat Hanh. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
- ↑ "BBC ON THIS DAY - 10/16/1967: Joan Baez arrested in Vietnam protest". bbc.co.uk. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
- ↑ 明日への葬列—60年代反権力闘争に斃れた10人の遺志 - 高橋和巳 編集、合同出版 1970年
- ↑ "Bush's brutal war stirs memories of Vietnam - The Japan Times". The Japan Times. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
- ↑ Japan 1968: The Performance of Violence and the Theater of Protest(AHR)
- ↑ uk:Макух Василь Омелянович
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- ↑
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- ↑ Cities | Deccan Chronicle
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- ↑ "Tibet Immolation Factsheet - Chimey Palden". International Campaign for Tibet. Retrieved March 31, 2012.
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- ↑ "Social justice activist sets himself on fire in Tel Aviv". Jerusalem Post. July 14, 2012.
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- ↑ דרמה בב"ש: ניסה להצית עצמו מול בניין העיריה. ynetews (in Hebrew). July 16, 2012.
- ↑ Investigators probe incitement to suicide in self-immolation attempt at United Russia public center in Novosibirsk (Part 2), interfax.com; accessed May 7, 2015.
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- ↑ Novosibirsk self-immolation woman dies in hospital
- ↑ "Disabled IDF veteran sets himself on fire in Yehud". Haaretz.com. July 22, 2012. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
- ↑ He made that because of the social serives
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- ↑ Disabled veteran who set himself on fire dies Akiva Mafi'i, 45, who self-immolated at a bus stop in Yahud some 10 days ago, succumbs to wounds, ynetnews
- ↑ "Vietnamese blogger's mother sets herself on fire as daughter faces trial". the Guardian. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
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- ↑ 26-year-old Tarnovo resident sets himself on fire because of poverty, borbabg.com, February 20, 2013.(Bulgarian)
- ↑ Stoyanova, Marieta. "Великотърновци почетоха паметта на самозапалилите се Пламен и Траян" (in Bulgarian). Darik News. Retrieved 1 April 2013.
- ↑ Plamen Goranov protesting "Down with TIM" in the city of Varna note TIM being allegedly a major monopolist organisation, Bivol, February 24, 2013.
- ↑ Bulgarian mayor resigns after man sets himself on fire, Reuters, March 6, 2013.
- ↑ Man who self-immolated in Varna being operated on today, Trud.bg, 25 February 2013.(Bulgarian)
- ↑ Plamen Goranov dies, Varna in mourning, trud.bg, March 4, 2013.(Bulgarian)
- ↑ Impoverished 53-year-old self-immolates in Radnevo municipality, 24chasa.bg, February 26, 2013.(Bulgarian)
- ↑ 51-year-old self-immolates in front of presidency, Monitor.bg, March 14, 2013.(Bulgarian)
- ↑ Poverty in Bulgaria drives more to make ultimate sacrifice, BBC.co.uk, May 8, 2013; retrieved May 7, 2015.
- ↑ Poverty Blamed for Bulgaria's Suicide Wave, New York Times
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- ↑ "In dying act, minister hoped to inspire social justice". dallasnews.com. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
- ↑ "Funeral of the Ahwazi Arab who set himself on fire turned into demonstration". Ahwaz Human Rights Organization. 23 March 2015. Retrieved 2016-11-26.
- ↑ "Raise of self-immolation among Ahwazi Arabs due to discrimination and poverty". Ahwazi Centre for Human Rights. 2 June 2016. Retrieved 2016-11-26.
- ↑ "South Korean Man, 80, Sets Self on Fire at Anti-Japan Rally". The New York Times. 2015-08-12. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
- ↑ Boroweic, Steven. "South Korean man lights himself on fire during anti-Japan protest in Seoul". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
- ↑ http://www.smh.com.au/federal-politics/political-news/asylum-seeker-selfimmolates-amid-fears-he-would-be-sent-back-to-detention-senate-hearing-told-20151019-gkd81v.html#ixzz47bc7tRH0
- ↑ http://www.abc.net.au/worldtoday/content/2016/s4454004.htm
- ↑ "Iranian Asylum Seeker Severely Burnt After Setting Himself On Fire On Nauru".
- ↑ http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-05-02/second-refugee-sets-themselves-alight-on-nauru/7377710
External links
- "The Self Immolators" – a chronological list of biographies and last statements of known self immolators 1967 to 2013
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