Demographics of Senegal

This article is about the demographic features of the population of Senegal, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

About 70% of Senegal's population is rural. In rural areas, population density varies from about 77 per square kilometer (200/mile²) in the west-central region to 2 per square kilometer (5/mile²) in the arid eastern section. About 50,000 Europeans (mostly French) and Lebanese and Vietnamese reside in Senegal, mainly in the cities. French is the official language but is used regularly only by the literate minority. Almost all Senegalese speak an indigenous language, of which Wolof has the largest usage. Many Senegalese live in Europe, particularly in France, Italy and Spain.

Population

Demographics of Senegal, Data of FAO, year 2005 ; Number of inhabitants in thousands.

According to the 2010 revision of the World Population Prospects the total population was 12,434,000 in 2010, compared to only 2,416,000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2010 was 43.7%, 53.9% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 2.4% was 65 years or older .[1]

Total population (x 1000) Population aged 0–14 (%) Population aged 15–64 (%) Population aged 65+ (%)
1950 2,41641.655.03.4
1955 2,68441.555.62.9
1960 3,04841.955.52.6
1965 3,50543.054.62.4
1970 4,09644.353.52.3
1975 4,78645.352.52.2
1980 5,41447.250.52.2
1985 6,23247.750.02.3
1990 7,24247.250.42.4
1995 8,36946.251.32.5
2000 9,50645.452.12.5
2005 10,87244.453.12.5
2010 12,43443.753.92.4

Vital statistics

Registration of vital events is in Senegal not complete. The Population Departement of the United Nations prepared the following estimates. [1]

Period Live births per year Deaths per year Natural change per year CBR* CDR* NC* TFR* IMR*
1950-1955 115,000 68,000 47,00045.226.818.46.05131
1955-1960 137,000 73,000 64,00047.725.422.36.42128
1960-1965 163,000 82,000 81,00049.724.924.86.85123
1965-1970 193,000 92,000 101,00050.824.226.67.25117
1970-1975 224,000 100,000 125,00050.522.428.17.45108
1975-1980 251,000 99,000 153,00049.319.329.97.5099
1980-1985 274,000 93,000 181,00047.116.031.07.2889
1985-1990 303,000 92,000 211,00045.013.631.46.9080
1990-1995 335,000 98,000 237,00042.912.530.36.3672
1995-2000 365,000 104,000 261,00040.811.629.25.7766
2000-2005 405,000 108,000 297,00039.810.629.25.3660
2005-2010 450,000 111,000 339,00038.69.529.15.0355
* CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births; TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman)

Births and deaths [2]

Year Population (x1000) Live births Deaths Natural increase Crude birth rate Crude death rate Rate of natural increase TFR
2009 498 714 138 182 360 532 41,0 11,4 29,6 4,91
2010 456 212 132 218 323 994 36,5 10,6 25,9 4,86
2011 464 464 134 450 330 014 36,2 10,5 25,7
2012 471 629 135 468 336 161 35,7 10,3 25,5
2013 12 874 478 898 136 460 342 438 35,3 10,1 25,2

Fertility and Births

Total Fertility Rate (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR):[3]

Year CBR (Total) TFR (Total) CBR (Urban) TFR (Urban) CBR (Rural) TFR (Rural)
1980-82 7,4 6,3 7,9
1983-85 6,6 5,4 7,1
1992-93 40,8 6,03 (5,1) 37,4 5,06 (3,8) 42,9 6,74 (5,9)
1997 37 5,67 (4,6) 31 4,29 (3,2) 42 6,74 (5,6)
1999 36 5,2 30 3,9 40 6,1
2005 39,3 5,3 (4,5) 33,4 4,1 (3,3) 44,0 6,4 (5,7)
2008-2009 37,3 4,9 33,4 4,0 40,1 5,8
2010-2011 37,4 5,0 (3,2) 32,3 3,9 (2,6) 41,6 6,0 (3,8)
2012-2013 38,6 5,3 32,9 4,1 42,7 6,3
2014 37,6 5,0 (3,7) 33,4 4,0 (3,1) 41,6 6,3 (4,4)
2015 35.7 4.9 (4.3) 28.1 3.5 (3.1) 41.5 6.1 (5.4)

Ethnic groups[4]

Population of Senegal according to ethnic group in 1976 and 1988
Ethnic
group
census 1976 [5] census 1988[6]
Number % Number %
Wolof2,001,41641.02,890,40242.7
Serer716,91914.71,009,92114.9
Peul605,58412.4978,36614.4
Toucouleur528,49010.8631,8929.3
Diola265,3535.4357,6725.3
Mandingue179,0503.7245,6513.6
Soce42,7510.6
Sarakhole84,1021.7113,1841.7
Bambara65,0961.391,0711.3
Maure59,7841.267,7261.0
Mandjaag41,6280.966,6051.0
Lebou94,8371.956,7580.8
Balant33,9150.754,3980.8
Malinke202,4724.128,6430.4
Mancagne23,1800.3
Laobe18,2500.3
Bassari6,1950.1
Khassonke1,7520.0
Coniagui1,1190.0
Fula1080.0
Other87,7731.3
Total 4,879,103 6,773,417

Languages

Main article: Languages of Senegal

French (official), Wolof, Pulaar, Serer, Jola, Mandinka

Religion[4]

CIA World Factbook demographic statistics

The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.[7]

Gender ratio

At birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
Under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.87 male(s)/females
Total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2011 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

Total population

59.78 years (2011 est.)
59.25 years (2006 est.)

Male

57.85 years (2011 est.)
57.7 years (2006 est.)

Female

61.77 years (2011 est.)
60.85 years (2006 est.)

Nationality


noun: Senegalese (singular and plural)
adjective: Senegalese

Literacy

Total population: 39.3%

Male: 51.1%

Female: 29.2% (2002 est.)

See also

References

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