Slovak Socialist Republic

Slovak Socialist Republic (1960–90)
Slovenská socialistická republika
Slovak Republic (1990–92)
Slovenská republika
Federal subject of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (1969–90) and Czech and Slovak Federative Republic (1990–93)
←
1969–1993 →
Flag (1990–92) Coat of arms (1960–90)
Anthem
Nad Tatrou sa blýska
Slovak Socialist Republic within CSSR
Capital Bratislava
Government Socialist republic (1968–89)
Parliamentary republic (1989–92)
Legislature Slovak National Council
History
 • Constitutional Law of Federation 1 January 1969
 • Velvet Revolution 17 November-29 December 1989
 • Independence 1 January 1993

From 1969 to 1990, the Slovak Socialist Republic (Slovenská socialistická republika in Slovak; abbreviated SSR) was the official name of that part of Czechoslovakia that is Slovakia today. The name was used from 1 January 1969 until March 1990.

History

After the occupation of Czechoslovakia in 1968 liberalisation reforms were halted and then reversed. The only exception was the federalization of the country. The former centralist state of Czechoslovakia was divided in two: the Czech Socialist Republic and Slovak Socialist Republic by the Constitutional Law of Federation of 28 October 1968, which came into effect on 1 January 1969. New national parliaments (the Czech National Council and the Slovak National Council) were created and the old parliament of Czechoslovakia was renamed the "Federal Assembly" and was divided in two chambers: the House of the People (cz:Sněmovna lidu / sk:Snemovňa ľudu) and the House of Nations (cz:Sněmovna národů / sk:Snemovňa národov). Very complicated rules of voting were put in effect.

Federalization was notional – all the real power was kept by the Communist Party. The increased number of "parliaments" conveniently provided more positions for party members though their role was just symbolic.

After the fall of socialism in Czechoslovakia, the word "socialist" was dropped in the names of the two republics, i.e. the Slovak Socialist Republic was renamed Slovak Republic (still part of Czechoslovakia, since April 1992 of the Czech and Slovak Federative Republic).

The complicated system of parliamentary voting (there were de facto 5 different bodies each having right of veto) was kept after the fall of socialism, complicating and delaying political decisions during radical changes in the economy.

Later, in 1993, the Slovak Republic became an independent state and officially took the name Slovakia as a short form – see dissolution of Czechoslovakia.

See also

Timeline of Czechoslovak statehood
Pre-1918 1918–1938 1938–1945 1945–1948 1948–1989 1989–1992 1993–
Bohemia
Moravia
Silesia		 Austrian Empire First Republica Sudetenlandb Third Republic Czechoslovak Republice
1948–1960		 Czechoslovak Socialist Republicf
1960–1990		 Czech and Slovak Federative Republic
1990–1992		 Czech Republic
Second
 Republicc
1938–1939		 Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
1939–1945
Slovakia Kingdom of Hungary Slovak Republic
1939–1945		 Slovak Republic
(Slovakia)
Southern Slovakia and Carpatho-Ukrained
Carpathian Ruthenia Zakarpattia Oblastg
1944 / 1946 – 1991		 Zakarpattia Oblasth
1991–present
Austria-Hungary Czechoslovak government-in-exile

a ČSR; boundaries and government established by the 1920 constitution.
b Annexed by Nazi Germany.
c ČSR; included the autonomous regions of Slovakia and Carpathian Ruthenia.
d Annexed by Hungary (1939–1945).

e ČSR; declared a "people's democracy" (without formal name change) under the Ninth-of-May Constitution following the 1948 coup.
f ČSSR; from 1969, after the Prague Spring, consisted of the Czech Socialist Republic (ČSR) and Slovak Socialist Republic (SSR).
g Oblast of the Ukrainian SSR.
h Oblast of Ukraine.

Coordinates: 48°08′N 17°06′E / 48.133°N 17.100°E / 48.133; 17.100

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