Soldier of Orange

Soldier of Orange

American film poster
Directed by Paul Verhoeven
Produced by Rob Houwer
Written by Erik Hazelhoff Roelfzema
Kees Holierhoek
Gerard Soeteman
Paul Verhoeven
Starring Rutger Hauer
Jeroen Krabbé
Derek de Lint
Edward Fox
Music by Rogier van Otterloo
Cinematography Jost Vacano
Edited by Jane Sperr
Distributed by The Rank Organisation (UK)
Release dates
  • 1977 (1977)
Running time
 149 minutes
Country Netherlands
Language Dutch, English, German
Budget ƒ 5 million (€2.3 million)

Soldier of Orange (Dutch: Soldaat van Oranje, IPA: [sɔlˈdaːt fɑn oˈrɑɲə]) is a 1977 Dutch film directed and co-written by Paul Verhoeven and produced by Rob Houwer, starring Rutger Hauer and Jeroen Krabbé. The film is set around the German occupation of the Netherlands during World War II, and shows how individual students have different roles in the war. The story is based on the autobiographic book Soldaat van Oranje by Erik Hazelhoff Roelfzema.

The film had a budget of ƒ 5,000,000 (€2,300,000), at the time the most expensive Dutch movie ever. With 1,547,183 viewers, it was the most popular Dutch film of 1977.[1] The film received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Foreign Language Film in 1980.[2]

Plot

The film is about a group of students from Leiden, the Netherlands, amongst them Erik Lanshof (Rutger Hauer), Guus LeJeune (Jeroen Krabbé), Jan Weinberg (Huib Rooymans), and Alex (Derek de Lint). Robby Froost (Eddy Habbema) is a friend of Erik, and Esther (Belinda Meuldijk) is Robby's girlfriend. Each of them follow a different path and therefore have a different role in World War II, either as a collaborator or in the resistance. Part of the story is set in London, where Queen Wilhelmina (Andrea Domburg) has residence. The students Erik and Guus fight alongside Colonel Rafelli (Edward Fox) and soldier Susan (Susan Penhaligon) of the allied forces in London.

The film begins with a flashforward in the form of a newsreel with a voice-over. Queen Wilhelmina is accompanied by Erik arriving in the Netherlands from London shortly after World War II. After the newsreel, the film starts in the late 1930s in Leiden, where freshmen undergo the humiliation of the initiation rites of their fraternity. Erik is picked out by Guus, the chair of the fraternity, who throws a bowl of soup over his head and injures him with the bowl. After this accident, Guus apologises to Erik, the two become close friends, and Guus offers him a room in his private student house in the centre of Leiden. In this house, the students (Erik, Guus, Jacques, Jan, and Alex) have a drink which confirms their new friendships.

In September 1939, an English radio broadcasting interrupts the students in a tennis match and announces the declaration of war by the United Kingdom against Germany. In the beginning, the students seem to take things lightly believing that the Netherlands will probably remain neutral as in World War I. Jan, who is a Jew, and also Alex, who has a German mother, immediately join the Dutch army. In May 1940, Germany invades the Netherlands and Erik and Guus try to join the army, too, but they are not accepted by a traumatised army officer. Shortly thereafter, the Netherlands capitulates due to the Rotterdam Blitz. Erik has an affair with Esther.

Robby has a radio transmitter in his garden shed from where he contacts the Dutch resistance in London. He arranges for Erik to take a flight to London. The Jewish Jan, student and boxing champion, gets into trouble by fighting with two anti-Semitic collaborators, who were bullying a Jewish salesman. Because of this, Erik offers his place on the airplane to Jan. However, during the pickup they get into a fight with German soldiers, and Jan gets captured. Erik is able to escape.

When Erik meets Alex during a military parade, he finds out Alex is now fighting on the German side for the SS. Later, Erik is also captured. In prison, he hears from Jan that a man called Van der Zanden is the traitor in London. Jan is executed at the Waalsdorpervlakte dune area. Robby's radio installation is discovered, and he is blackmailed by the Gestapo to cooperate as a spy, because his fiancée Esther is a Jew.

Erik and Guus try to flee to London again, this time successfully on the Swiss cargo St. Cergue.[3] In London, Erik meets Van der Zanden (modelled after general François van 't Sant) and tries to kill him, but he appears not to be a traitor but head of the Dutch Central Intelligence Service and a trustee of the Dutch Queen. Guus has an affair with a British soldier Susan. Erik and Guus agree with the Queen to pick up some resistance leaders who could play an important role in the Netherlands after the war. Guus is dropped on the beach and tricks himself into a party nearby. Now, Erik has an affair with Susan.

Erik comes back to the Netherlands to pick up Guus and the resistance leaders. However, Robby is with them on the beach and the Germans have followed the group who are about to escape by sea. Erik tries to warn them about Robby but cannot reach them. On his way to the beach, Erik runs into Alex at a Nazi party and dances ballroom tango with him. Erik is able to flee the party onto the beach and meets the others. When Robby realises that Erik knows about his collaboration, he fires a light signal and flees. The group tries to escape, but the resistance leaders are killed. Guus escapes swimming into the sea, but only Erik is able to reach the British ship and returns to London and to Susan.

Another day, Guus meets Robby and shoots him in the middle of the street. Guus gets caught and is executed by guillotine. In Russia, Alex is killed in a latrine by a hand grenade thrown by a boy whom he had insulted earlier when he begged him for food. Erik becomes an RAF pilot and drops bombs over Germany.

Later Erik is appointed assistant to the Dutch Queen Wilhelmina, and accompanies her back to the Netherlands after the war, as shown in the newsreel in the beginning of the film. In the end, Erik meets Esther and finds that Dutch citizens have cut her hair short in anger of her and Robby's collaboration with the Nazis. She says she bears no grudge against anyone for this. Finally, Erik celebrates the end of the war with one of his fellow students, Jacques ten Brinck, who also survived the war.

Cast

  • Rutger Hauer as Erik Lanshof. A student in Leiden who joins the resistance.
  • Jeroen Krabbé as Guus LeJeune, a combination of Ernst de Jonge, Peter Tazelaar and Chris Krediet. A student and friend of Erik who also joins the resistance.
  • Susan Penhaligon as Susan. British soldier, secretary to Colonel Rafelli.
  • Edward Fox as Colonel Rafelli, the British officer who runs the missions Erik and Guus undertake to the occupied Netherlands.
  • Lex van Delden as Nico, another of the students.
  • Derek de Lint as Alex. A student with a German mother who is first drafted into the Dutch army before joining the Waffen-SS after the German victory.
  • Huib Rooymans as Jan Weinberg. A Jewish student and boxing champion.
  • Dolf de Vries as Jacques ten Brinck. A student friend of Erik who continues his studies at Leiden University.
  • Eddy Habbema as Robby Froost. A friend of Erik who operates radio communications for the resistance.
  • Belinda Meuldijk as Esther. Bobby's fiancée, she assists Erik on several occasions.
  • Peter Faber as Will Oostgaarde, who accompanies Erik and Guus to London.
  • Rijk de Gooyer as Gestapo-man Breitner.
  • Reinhard Kolldehoff as Sturmbannführer Geisman, the German senior officer who gives orders to Breitner.
  • Andrea Domburg as Queen Wilhelmina. Queen of the Netherlands.
  • Guus Hermus as Van der Zanden, head of Dutch Central Security Service and trustee of Queen Wilhelmina in London.
  • Bert André as local man Gekke Dirk.
  • Hugo Koolschijn as a Sicherheitspolizei-lieutenant.
  • Brûni Heinke as an NSB member.

Awards

The film won the Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Foreign Film in 1979.[4] One year later, in 1980, it received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Foreign Language Film,[2] but the French-Italian film La Cage aux Folles won the award.

In the election for best Dutch film of the twentieth century at the Netherlands Film Festival in 1999 Soldier of Orange reached the second place, right after another Paul Verhoeven film Turkish Delight.[5]

The film was selected as the Dutch entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 50th Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee.[6]

Musical

Theatre Hangar Valkenburg

On 30 October 2010 the Soldier of Orange musical premiered in the Netherlands. It is shown in a special theatre converted from an old hangar at the former Valkenburg Air Base in Katwijk. Instead of having the sets changing on the stage the area where the audience sits revolves to different stages (using a system named SceneAround), which include a set with a recreated beach and an artificial sea and a set containing a real Douglas DC-3 Dakota plane.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Soldaat van Oranje at www.filmtotaal.nl
  2. 1 2 Soldier Of Orange at the website of the Hollywood Foreign Press Association
  3. ↑ ST. CERGUE History, swiss-ships.ch
  4. ↑ Previous Years' Winners 1979 at the website of the Los Angeles Film Critics Association
  5. ↑ "Turks Fruit gekozen tot Beste Nederlandse Film van de Eeuw". Nieuwsbank.nl. Retrieved 2013-12-23.
  6. ↑ Margaret Herrick Library, Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences

Reviews

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