St Asaph

This article is about the city. For the person, see Saint Asaph.
St Asaph
Welsh: Llanelwy

St. Asaph Cathedral
St Asaph
 St Asaph shown within Denbighshire
Population 3,355 (2011)
OS grid referenceSJ035743
CommunitySt Asaph
Principal areaDenbighshire
Ceremonial countyClwyd
CountryWales
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post town ST. ASAPH
Postcode district LL17
Dialling code 01745
Police North Wales
Fire North Wales
Ambulance Welsh
EU Parliament Wales
UK ParliamentVale of Clwyd
Welsh AssemblyVale of Clwyd
List of places
UK
Wales
Denbighshire

Coordinates: 53°15′29″N 3°26′31″W / 53.258°N 3.442°W / 53.258; -3.442

St Asaph (/sənt ˈæsəf/;[1] Welsh: Llanelwy [ɬanˈɛlʊɨ̯]) is a city[2] and community on the River Elwy in Denbighshire, Wales. In the 2011 Census it had a population of 3,355[3] making it the second-smallest city in Britain.

The city of St Asaph is surrounded by countryside and views of the Vale of Clwyd. It is situated close to a number of busy coastal towns such as Rhyl, Prestatyn, Abergele, Colwyn Bay and Llandudno. The historic castles of Denbigh and Rhuddlan are also nearby.

History

The earliest inhabitants of the vale of Elwy lived at the nearby Paleolithic site of Pontnewydd (Bontnewydd), which was excavated from 1978 by a team from the University of Wales, led by Dr Stephen Aldhouse Green. Teeth and part of a jawbone excavated in 1981 were dated to 225,000 years ago. This site is the most north-western site in Eurasia for remains of early hominids and is considered of international importance. Based on the morphology and age of the teeth, particularly the evidence of taurodontism, the teeth are believed to belong to a group of Neanderthals who hunted game in the vale of Elwy in an interglacial period.

Aerial view of the cathedral.

Later some historians postulate that the Roman fort of Varae sat on the site of the Cathedral. However, the city is believed to have developed around a 6th-century Celtic monastery founded by Saint Kentigern, and is now home to the small 14th century St Asaph Cathedral. This is dedicated to Saint Asaph (also spelt in Welsh as Asaff), its second bishop.

The Cathedral has had a chequered history. In the 13th century, the troops of Edward I of England burnt the cathedral almost to the ground, and in 1402 Owain Glyndŵr's troops went on the rampage, causing severe damage to the furnishings and fittings. Two hundred and fifty years later, during the Commonwealth, the building was used to house farm animals: pigs, cattle and horses.[4]

The Laws in Wales Act 1535 placed St Asaph in Denbighshire. However, in 1542 St Asaph was placed in Flintshire for voting purposes. Between 1 April 1974 and 1 April 1996 it was part of non-metropolitan Clwyd.

As the seat of an ancient cathedral and diocese, St Asaph was historically regarded as a city, and the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica refers to it as a city on that basis; by the end of the 20th century the relationship between possessing a cathedral and automatic entitlement to city status had been broken, and the town was no longer regarded as a city. The town applied for restoration of city status in competitions held by the British government in 2000 (for the Millennium) and 2002 (Queen's Golden Jubilee) but was unsuccessful. In 2012 it again competed for city status during the Queen's Diamond Jubilee celebrations. It was announced on 14 March 2012 that the application was successful, and city status was to be bestowed upon St Asaph alongside Chelmsford and Perth.[5][6] The status was formally granted by letters patent dated 1 June 2012.[7]

Community

Despite the previous lack of official city status, the community council had referred to itself as the City of St Asaph Town Council. The local community is passionate about St Asaph's historic claim to be known as a city like its Welsh cousin St David's, which has led to a number of local businesses using 'City' as part of their business name. The city is promoted locally as the "City of Music".

The past few decades have seen the local economy in St Asaph thrive, first with the opening of the A55 road in 1970, which took east/west traffic away from the city, and, more recently, with a business park being built, attracting investment from home and overseas.

The crowded roads in St Asaph have been a hot political issue for many years. In recent years, increasing volumes of traffic on the A525, St Asaph High Street, which links A55 with the Clwyd Valley, Denbigh and Ruthin, have led to severe congestion in the city. This congestion is having a detrimental effect on the city, and residents have repeatedly called for a bypass to take this north/south road and its traffic away from the city, but the National Assembly for Wales rejected these calls in 2004, presenting a further setback for residents campaigning on the issue.

St Asaph is now home to Ysgol Glan Clwyd, a Welsh medium secondary school that opened in Rhyl in 1956 and moved to St Asaph in 1969. It was the first Welsh medium secondary school in Wales.

Twinning

St Asaph is twinned with the town of Bégard in Brittany, France. Both organise annual trips to the other for their residents.

Festivities

Every year the city hosts the North Wales International Music Festival, which takes place at several venues in the city and attracts musicians and music lovers from all over Wales and beyond. In past years, the main event in September at the cathedral has been covered on television by the BBC.

Other annual events in the city include the increasingly popular Woodfest Wales crafts festival in June, the Beat the Bounds charity walk in July and the Gala Day in August.

Churches

In addition to the Cathedral, there are five other churches in St Asaph covering all the major Christian denominations. The Parish Church of St Asaph and St Kentigern (Church in Wales) is placed prominently at the bottom of the High Street, across the river in Lower Denbigh Road is Penniel Chapel (Welsh Methodist) and halfway up the High Street there is Llanelwy Community Church (Baptist). At the top of the city, in Chester Street is St Winifrides (Roman Catholic) and Bethlehem Chapel (Welsh Presbyterian) in Bronwylfa Square.

Governance

The City Council comprises two wards that both elect seven councillors.[8] The presiding officer and chairperson of the council is The Rt Wp The Mayor Cllr J. O. Roberts.[8]

Notable people

See Category:People from St Asaph

A number of famous people have strong links to St Asaph, having been born, raised, lived, worked or died in the city. These include: Richard Ian Cox, the Vancouver-based voice actor and online radio host; The Rev. William Morgan (later Lord Bishop of St Asaph), who translated the Bible into Welsh in 1588; The Most Rev. Dr Alfred George Edwards, Lord Bishop of St Asaph, who was elected the first Lord Archbishop of Wales in the Church in Wales; comedian Greg Davies; singer Lisa Scott-Lee; composer William Mathias; former Wales football captain Ian Rush; jockey David Harrison; the famous explorer and journalist Sir Henry Morton Stanley; Dic Aberdaron, who taught himself Latin at the age of 11; Felicia Hemans (1793–1835), poet ("The boy stood on the burning deck"); and LET golfer Becky Brewerton. Another well-known individual, Geoffrey of Monmouth, served as Lord Bishop of St Asaph from 1152 to 1155. However, due to war and unrest in Wales at the time, he probably never set foot in his see. The current Swansea City left-back, Wales international and Team GB squad member Neil Taylor, and former Sheffield United footballer Ched Evans were also born in St Asaph.

The hospital in the city (formerly the St Asaph Union Workhouse) was named in honour of Sir Henry Morton Stanley; it closed in 2012. The city's hospice was named after Saint Kentigern. The original Welsh Bible is kept on public display in the city's cathedral.

References

Notes

  1. ↑ St Asaph—John Wells's phonetic blog, 15 March 2012. Retrieved 1 April 2012
  2. ↑ BBC News—St Asaph in north Wales named Diamond Jubilee city Retrieved 14 March 2012
  3. ↑ Office for National Statistics 2011 census - St. Asaph C
  4. ↑ T. W. Pritchard St Asaph Cathedral Guidebooks
  5. ↑ Official Llanelwy website
  6. ↑ "Three towns win city status for Diamond Jubilee". BBC News. 14 March 2012. Retrieved 14 March 2012.
  7. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 60167. p. 11125. 11 June 2012.
  8. 1 2 Councillors

Bibliography

Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article St Asaph.
This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 11/27/2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.