Surdulica

Surdulica
Сурдулица
Municipality and Town

Residential area in Surdulica

Coat of arms

Location of the municipality of Surdulica within Serbia
Coordinates: 42°41′N 22°10′E / 42.683°N 22.167°E / 42.683; 22.167Coordinates: 42°41′N 22°10′E / 42.683°N 22.167°E / 42.683; 22.167
Country  Serbia
District Pčinja
Settlements 41
Government
 • Mayor Novica Tončev (Grupa Građana)
Area[1]
 • Municipality 628 km2 (242 sq mi)
Population (2011 census)[2]
 • Town 11,400
 • Municipality 20,319
Time zone CET (UTC+1)
 • Summer (DST) CEST (UTC+2)
Postal code 17530
Area code +381 17
Car plates SC
Website www.surdulica.rs

Surdulica (Serbian Cyrillic: Сурдулица) is a town and municipality situated in the southeast of Serbia (approx. 42°41'30"N, 22°10'E). The population of the town is 11,400, while the municipality has 20,319 inhabitants.

Geography

The town stands at 480 m above sea level; it is surrounded by mountains to the north by Čemernik and to the south by Vardenik; the highest peak Strešer stands at 1875 meters high. Some twenty kilometres along the river Vrla and up the mountains there is a highland called Vlasina. In the 1950s, a man made dam created a lake called Vlasinsko Jezero (Vlasina Lake) which is famous for its peat floating islands which were harvested by local farmers. The highland of Vlasina is unique natural reserve with rich wildlife in particular the many rare species of migrating birds that use this unique place as a stop on their migrating way north or south. The lake is rich with fish and is one of largest reservoirs of clean water in that part of the country. The surrounding soil is lush and green resembling the Devon Downs or Argentine pampas. It presents great potential for cattle breeding and dairy production. It has distinct four seasons with long snowy winters and brief hot summers. There are also two streams running from the mountains and joining at the town of Surdulica. This is where the Romanovce River joins the Vrla River on their way to South Morava and thence to the Danube and the Black Sea.

History

Historically, the town by its modern name was first mentioned in texts from 1530 by Benedict Kuripešić. Following the revolutions of Serbia and the last Turks out of the town in 1877, it soon started to grow and develop in the hands of the independent nation of Serbia. Today, it is an industrial town with beautiful nature and plenty of wildlife.

From 1929 to 1941, Surdulica was part of the Vardar Banovina of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.

During World War I, 2,000–3,000 men were massacred by Bulgarian forces in the town.[3]

NATO bombing

Further information: NATO bombing of Yugoslavia

NATO spokesman Jamie Shea commented that on April 27, 1999, during the NATO airstrikes against Yugoslavia, one NATO aircraft bombed a "small residential area" in Surdulica. Shea said that one bomb was "accidentally" released during an attack over an army barracks and stated repeatedly that NATO was doing "everything" to avoid civilian casualties. He claimed that, "technology is not perfect and never will be" and repeated that the strike was "accidental". However, eleven missiles in total were fired on Surdulica, injuring over three hundred civilians. Another twenty civilians were killed as a result of this attack, twelve of whom were little children.[4] Eighteen houses in all were destroyed with another 500 homes were left permanently unsuitable for residing in.

Education

There are two primary schools in the town of Surdulica - Vuk Karadžić and Jovan Jovanović Zmaj, and several schools in the villages around the town. There are three secondary schools: Svetozar Marković Gimnazija (Grammar School), Josif Pančić School of Agriculture and a technical college, Nikola Tesla. In line with falling population in the municipality of Surdulica the number of high school students is also falling.

Settlements

Municipality of Surdulica in Pčinja District

Aside from the town of Surdulica, the municipality includes the following settlements:

Demographics

Ethnic composition of the municipality of Surdulica:

Ethnic group Population
Serbs16,233
Roma2,531
Bulgarians734
Macedonians31
Others790
Total20,319

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Municipalities of Serbia, 2006". Statistical Office of Serbia. Retrieved 2010-11-28.
  2. ↑ "2011 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Serbia: Comparative Overview of the Number of Population in 1948, 1953, 1961, 1971, 1981, 1991, 2002 and 2011, Data by settlements" (PDF). Statistical Office of Republic Of Serbia, Belgrade. 2014. ISBN 978-86-6161-109-4. Retrieved 2014-06-27.
  3. ↑ Mitrović, Andrej (2007). Serbia's Great War, 1914–1918. West Lafayette, Indiana: Purdue University Press. p. 223. ISBN 978-1-55753-477-4.
  4. ↑ http://www.warfacts.org.yu/massacres/surdulica.html. Missing or empty |title= (help)

Sources

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