Teuthonista
Teuthonista is a phonetic transcription system used predominantly for the transcription of (High) German dialects. The base characters are mostly based on the Latin alphabet, which can be modified by various diacritics.
History
The name Teuthonista goes back to the Journal Teuthonista, in which the transcription system was presented in 1924/25.
Symbols
Most of the characters derive from the Latin or Greek alphabet. Especially the consonants are primarily monotype symbols, i.e. "one character for one sound". Special nuances in articulation can be distinguished by diacritics (e.g. dots or tildes beneath or across the character).
In writing vowels Teuthonista uses much more diacritics than letter symbols. So as to describe the various sounds of an "e" or an "i" there can be used dots, double-dots, upstrokes, tildes, ogoneks, and so on in any combination. It is possible to write more than 500 different "e"s.
This kind of writing is very efficient. For this reason the transcription system is the first choice of scientific researchers in Germany, who use direct questionnaires to gather data for dialectological investigation.
Usage
The Teuthonista phonetic transcription system is used by the following projects:
Lexicons
- Badisches Wörterbuch
- Bayerisches Wörterbuch
- Wörterbuch der bairischen Mundarten in Österreich
Linguistic atlases
- Sprachatlas der deutschen Schweiz
- Südwestdeutscher Sprachatlas
- Atlas der historischen deutschen Mundarten auf dem Gebiet der Tschechischen Republik
- Sprachatlas von Oberösterreich
- Vorarlberger Sprachatlas
- Teilprojekte des Bayerischen Sprachatlas
- Sprachatlas von Bayerisch-Schwaben
- Sprachatlas von Mittelfranken
- Sprachatlas von Unterfranken
- Sprachatlas von Niederbayern
- Sprachatlas von Nordostbayern
- Sprachatlas von Oberbayern
Further reading
- Teuchert, Hermann: Lautschrift des Teuthonista. In: Teuthonista. 1 (1924/25), 5.
- Wiesinger, Peter: Das phonetische Transkriptionssystem der Zeitschrift "Teuthonista". Eine Studie zu seiner Entstehung und Anwendbarkeit in der deutschen Dialektologie mit einem Überblick über die Geschichte der phonetischen Transkription im Deutschen bis 1924. In: Zeitschrift für Mundartforschung.' 31. 1964: 1–20.
External links
- Teuthonista from the Institute for Austrian Lexicons of Dialects and Names (German)
- Handbuch zum Zeichensatz SMFTeuthonista by Sibylle Reichel. Erlangen 2003. (German)
- Comparison of Teuthonista and IPA (German)