Tickhill

Tickhill
Tickhill
 Tickhill shown within South Yorkshire
Population 5,228 (2011)
OS grid referenceSK592931
Civil parishTickhill
Metropolitan boroughDoncaster
Metropolitan county South Yorkshire
RegionYorkshire and the Humber
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post town DONCASTER
Postcode district DN11
Dialling code 01302
Police South Yorkshire
Fire South Yorkshire
Ambulance Yorkshire
EU Parliament Yorkshire and the Humber
UK ParliamentDon Valley
List of places
UK
England
Yorkshire

Coordinates: 53°25′50″N 1°06′49″W / 53.43049°N 1.11348°W / 53.43049; -1.11348

Tickhill is a small town and civil parish in the Metropolitan Borough of Doncaster in South Yorkshire, England, on the border with Nottinghamshire. It has a population of 5,301,[1] reducing to 5,228 at the 2011 Census.[2]

Geography

It lies eight miles south of Doncaster, between Maltby and Harworth, on the busy conjunction of the A631 and A60 roads, and adjacent to the A1(M) motorway. It is located at 53° 26' North, 1° 6' 40" West,[3] at an elevation of around 20 metres above sea level. The River Torne passes close to the south-east of the town where it is the boundary between South Yorkshire and Nottinghamshire, eventually meeting the River Trent.

Notable buildings in Tickhill include the substantial ruins of Tickhill Castle which contain a private residence leased by the Duchy of Lancaster, St Mary's Church – a large 13th-century parish church, the parish room, an old hospital called St Leonard's, and the Buttercross.

Toponymy

"Tickhill" is an Old English place-name, meaning either "Hill where young goats are kept" or "Hill of man called Tica". It is composed of one of either ticce ("young goat") or the name Tica, and the word hyll. The village was not recorded in the Domesday Book but was recorded as Tikehill sometime on the 12th century.[4]

History

William I

Shortly after the Norman Invasion, William I of England gave the lands around Tickhill to Roger de Busli, who built a castle on a small hill.[5] Richard de Busli, grandson of Roger's brother Arnold, co-founded nearby Roche Abbey with Richard FitzTurgis in 1147.

St Leonard's Hospital
St Mary's Church

Middle Ages

During the Middle Ages, Tickhill was the second most important town, after Doncaster, in what is now South Yorkshire. The Domesday Book lists the settlement under the former estate centre at Dadsley, now lying on the northern edge of the town. Dadsley was served by a church atop All Hallows Hill, which by 1361 had been downgraded to a chapel. Evidence suggests that the chapel was unused after the English Reformation, and was razed in the mid-17th century.[5]

Tickhill's eponymous hill was probably the base of what is now the motte of Tickhill Castle. The town grew up around the castle, and St Mary's was built soon after to replace All Hallows as the settlement's main church.[5]

Initially, Tickhill was one of England's most successful new towns. It gained a friary and St Leonard's Hospital. The Guild of St Cross was established in the town, and it is believed to have acted as the settlement's main governing body. In 1295, Tickhill sent two members to Parliament, but did not do so subsequently.[5]

Sixteenth century

As castles declined in importance during the mediaeval period, so did Tickhill. By the 16th century, only a hall was occupied on the castle site, but the market and an annual fair on St Lawrence's Day survived. A little trade was gained from its position on the main road to Bawtry. In 1777, a butter cross was erected in the marketplace in an attempt to revive the weekly market, but this ceased in the 1790s.[5]

Strafforth and Tickhill was one of the wapentakes of the West Riding of Yorkshire. The Tickhill Psalter, an outstanding medieval illuminated manuscript was made in the Worksop Priory Nottinghamshire, is currently on display in New York City. It is named after John de Tickhill, born locally and who was made Prior of Worksop in the 14th century.

The following records from St Mary's Church, Tickhill are available at the Doncaster Archives:

1900s

The Tickhill and Wadworth railway station was open from 1910–29. There as been much debate whether to reopen this station.

Castle

Main article: Tickhill Castle

Tickhill Castle was built by Roger de Busli, one of the most powerful of the first wave of Norman magnates who had come to England with William the Conqueror. The castle had an eventful history in national life. It was held for the usurping prince John against his brother King Richard I, when the latter returned from abroad in 1194, after his absence on crusade, was the site of a three-week siege during baronial conflicts in 1322. In the civil war of the 1640s, its importance as a local centre of resistance led to its ‘slighting’ (intentional disabling) by Parliament after the defeat of the royalist forces there in 1648. (Conisbrough, long disused as a fortress by this time, escaped such a fate.)

Today, Tickhill castle remains an impressive ruin, retaining its Norman gatehouse, built in 1129–1130, the foundations of the 11-sided keep (one of only two in the world) on a mound 75 feet (23 m) high, built in 1178-9 on the model of the keep at Conisbrough, substantial defensive ditches, some parts of which remain as a moat, and walls enclosing an inner courtyard covering 2 acres (8,100 m2).

Amenities

There are the Tickhill Estfield and St Mary's C of E primary schools.

There is also a long-standing local Opticians which has been offering vision care to children and adults of the local community for over a decade. Their services include DVLA testing, contact lens work and even stable glaucoma management in conjunction with Doncaster Royal Infirmary.

There are many traditional shops in Tickhill including 2 butchers and a Fishmongers.

There is also a popular 'millpond' with a wide variety of ducks that is popular with the local residents. View a beautiful video clip of Tickhill.

Notable residents

See also

References

  1. ↑ Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Parish Headcounts : Doncaster Retrieved 27 August 2009
  2. ↑ "Town population 2011". Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 8 March 2016.
  3. ↑
  4. ↑ 'Oxford Dictionary of British Place-Names', A.D. Mills, Oxford University Press.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 David Hey, Medieval South Yorkshire
  6. ↑ Tickhill baptism 26 January 1810; 1851 census 3 Judd Place East, Camden Town, Middlesex

External links


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