Timeline of Mexico City

The following is a timeline of the history of Mexico City, Mexico.

Prior to 1900s

• 1325 – Tenochtitlán founded by Aztecs.^[1]
• 1521 – City sacked by Spanish forces led by Cortés.^[1]
• 1524 – México Tenochtitlán municipality established.
• 1527 – Spanish Royal Audiencia of Mexico established.
• 1537 – Mint built.^[1]
• 1539 - Printer Juan Pablos active.^[2]
• 1543 – Convento Grande de San Francisco painting school established (approximate date).^[3]
• 1551 – Royal and Pontifical University of Mexico founded.^[1]
• 1588 – San Ildefonso College founded by Jesuits.
• 1592
  • Consulado established.^[4]
  • Alameda Central park created.
• 1629 – Flood.^[1]
• 1645 – Metropolitan Cathedral consecrated.^[1]
• 1690 – Church of San Bernardo consecrated.
• 1692 – Uprising against Spanish rule.^[1]
• 1720 – Church of La Profesa dedicated.^[5]
• 1736 – Palace of the Inquisition built.
• 1752 – Teatro Principal built.^[5]
• 1766 – House of the Marquis of Uluapa built.
• 1776 – National Pawn Shop opens.^[5]
• 1777 – Sacro y Real Monte Pío de Animas founded.
• 1778
  • School of fine arts founded.^[1]
  • La Enseñanza Church consecrated.
• 1785 – Palace of Iturbide (residence) built.
• 1790 – Population: 112,926.^[6]
• 1813 – School of Mines built.^[6]
• 1824 – Federal District created.
• 1831 - El Cocinero Mexicano (cookbook) published.^[7]
• 1833 – National Institute of Geography and Statistics established.^[8]
• 1847
  • August 19–20: Battle of Contreras.
  • September 8–15: Battle for Mexico City.
• 1848 – February 2: Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo signed, ending the Mexican–American War.
• 1863
  • "French troops occupied Mexico City."^[9]
  • La Merced Market buildings constructed.
• 1865 – Drogueria de la Profesa (drugstore) in business.^[10]
• 1866 – National Conservatory of Music founded.
• 1868 - La Concordia restaurant in business.^[7]
• 1875 – Arbeu Theatre opens.^[5]
• 1887
  • Fabrica Linera (textile mill) established.^[11]
  • Monument to Cuauhtémoc erected.^[12]
• 1888 – Posada printer in business.^[12]
• 1891 – El Palacio de Hierro (shop) in business.^[13]

1900s

• 1900
  • Prison built.^[1]
  • Population: 344,721.^[1]
• 1903 – Mexico City Banking Co. established.^[11]
• 1905 – General Hospital of Mexico opens.^[14]
• 1907 – Post office built.^[1]
• 1910 – El Ángel monument erected on Paseo de la Reforma.
• 1917 – Excélsior newspaper begins publication.^[15]
• 1918 – Teatro Esperanza Iris opens.
• 1919 – Academia Mexicana de la Historia established.
• 1921 – Secretariat of Public Education headquartered in city.
• 1928
  • Federal District of Mexico City divided into 16 boroughs.
  • Teatro Ulises active.
• 1930 – La Aficion newspaper begins publication.^[16]
• 1932 – Teatro Orientación founded.
• 1934 – Palacio de Bellas Artes inaugurated.
• 1937
  • Taller de Gráfica Popular established.^[17]
  • Hotel Majestic opens in the Portal de Mercaderes.
• 1940
  • 21 August: Leon Trotsky assassinated.
  • Palacio Chino (cinema) opens.^[18]
• 1941 – Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation building constructed.
• 1943
  • Colegio Nacional founded.
  • Tepeyac Teatro opens.^[18]
• 1945 – Bimbo Bread in business.^[19]
• 1947 – Servicio de Transportes Eléctricos begins operation.
• 1948 – New Federal District building constructed.
• 1952 – National Auditorium opens.
• 1954 – Ciudad Universitaria campus built in Coyoacán.
• 1957 – July 28: Earthquake.
• 1960 – Cine Latino (cinema) opens.^[18]
• 1962
  • Library of the Congress of Mexico established.
  • El Día newspaper begins publication.^[16]
• 1964 – Museum of the City of Mexico and National Museum of Anthropology inaugurated.
• 1966 - Estadio Azteca (stadium) opens.^[20]
• 1968
  • October 2: Tlatelolco massacre.^[9]
  • October: 1968 Summer Olympics held.
• 1969
  • First line of Mexico City Metro (subway system) opens.
  • Sister city relationship established with Los Angeles, USA.^[21]
• 1971
  • June 10: Corpus Christi massacre.
  • Polyforum Cultural Siqueiros opens.
• 1978
  • Templo Mayor excavated.
  • Mexico City Philharmonic Orchestra founded.^[22]
• 1980
  • Cuestion newspaper begins publication.^[16]
  • El Parnaso bookshop in business.
• 1982
  • Central de Abasto (market) built.
  • National Museum of Art opens.^[23]
• 1985 – September 19: 1985 Mexico City earthquake.
• 1986 – Franz Mayer Museum opens.
• 1990 – Population: 8,235,744; metro 15,047,685.^[6]
• 1992 – Supreme Court built.^[17]
• 1993 – Cafebrería el Péndulo bookshop/cafe opens.
• 1995 – World Trade Center Mexico City opens.
• 1997 – Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas elected Head of Government of the Federal District.

2000s

• 2000 – Andrés Manuel López Obrador becomes Head of Government of the Federal District.
• 2001 – Pujol (restaurant) in business.
• 2003 – Policia de Barrio program established.^[24]
• 2004 – Centro Cultural Universitario Tlatelolco established.
• 2005
  • Mexico City Metrobús begins operating.
  • Alejandro Encinas Rodríguez becomes interim Head of Government of the Federal District, succeeded by reinstated Andrés Manuel López Obrador.
• 2006
  • Marcelo Ebrard elected Head of Government of the Federal District.
  • Centro Cultural Bella Epoca bookshop opens.
• 2008 – November 4: Plane crash in Las Lomas.
• 2010 – Population: 8,851,080; metro 20,116,842.
• 2012
  • Homeless World Cup football contest held.
  • Miguel Ángel Mancera becomes Head of Government of the Federal District.^[25]
• 2013 – January 31: Torre Ejecutiva Pemex explosion.

See also

• History of Mexico City
• Mexico City's boroughs
• List of heads of government of the Mexican Federal District
• Chronology of the Mexican Federal District (Spanish)
• Tenochtitlan, 1325-1521
• Greater Mexico City

References

1. "Mexico City", Encyclopaedia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424
2. Steven Anzovin and Janet Podell, ed. (2000). Famous First Facts. H.W. Wilson Co. ISBN 0824209583.
3. "Mexico, 1400–1600 A.D.: Key Events". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved July 30, 2014.
4. Ralph Lee Woodward Jr. (2013) [2005], "Merchant Guilds", in Cynthia Clark Northrup, Encyclopedia of World Trade, Routledge, ISBN 9780765682680
5. Harold R. Maxson (1920), A Practical Handbook with Useful Information Regarding Mexico City and Vicinity, Mexico City: American Book & Printing Co., OCLC 8753962
6. David Marley (2005), "Mexico City", Historic Cities of the Americas, 1, Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, pp. 247–266, ISBN 1576070271
7. Jeffrey M. Pilcher (2012). Planet Taco: A Global History of Mexican Food. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-991158-5.
8. "Mexico". Handbook of Learned Societies and Institutions: America. Carnegie Institution of Washington. 1908.
9. "Timelines: History of Mexico from 1810 to 2008", World Book, USA, (subscription required (help))
10. "Growth of Business in Mexico", Overland Monthly, San Francisco, California, 56, July 1910
11. Mexican Year Book. McCorquodale & Company. 1912.
12. "Mexico and Central America, 1800–1900 A.D.: Key Events". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved May 30, 2014.
13. José María Marroquí (1900). La Ciudad de México (in Spanish). 1. Tip. y Lit. "La Europea" de J. Aguilar Vera y Ca.
14. Gustavo G. Garza Merodio (2006). "Technological innovation and the expansion of Mexico City, 1870-1920". Journal of Latin American Geography. 5. JSTOR 25765142.
15. "Global Resources Network". Chicago, USA: Center for Research Libraries. Retrieved March 25, 2014.
16. "Mexico". Europa World Year Book. Taylor & Francis. 2004. ISBN 1857432533.
17. "Mexico and Central America, 1900 A.D.: Key Events". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved August 20, 2016.
18. "Movie Theaters in Mexico City". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved March 25, 2014.
19. Robert Weis (2009). "Immigrant Entrepreneurs, Bread, and Class Negotiation in Postrevolutionary Mexico City". Mexican Studies. 25. doi:10.1525/msem.2009.25.1.71.
20. Tom Dunmore (2011). Historical Dictionary of Soccer. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7188-5.
21. "Sister Cities of Los Angeles". USA: City of Los Angeles. Retrieved August 20, 2016.
22. Colin Lawson, ed. (2003). "Orchestras Founded in the 20th Century (chronological list)". Cambridge Companion to the Orchestra. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-00132-8.
23. Alex M. Saragoza; et al., eds. (2012). "Chronology of Contemporary Mexico". Mexico Today: An Encyclopedia of Life in the Republic. USA: ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-0-313-34948-5.
24. Markus-Michael Müller (2010). "Community Policing in Latin America: Lessons from Mexico City". European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies (88). JSTOR 25676405.
25. "Mexican Mayors". City Mayors.com. London: City Mayors Foundation. Retrieved March 25, 2014.

This article incorporates information from the Spanish Wikipedia.

Further reading

Published in the 1700s-1800s

• Antonio de Solís; Thomas Townsend (1738). "Description of the City of Mexico". History of the Conquest of Mexico by the Spaniards. London.
• R. H. Bonnycastle (1819). "Metropolis of New Spain". Spanish America. Philadelphia: A. Small.
• Abraham Rees (1819), "Mexico", The Cyclopaedia, London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown
• Jedidiah Morse; Richard C. Morse (1823), "Mexico", A New Universal Gazetteer (4th ed.), New Haven: S. Converse
• David Brewster, ed. (1830). "Town of Mexico". Edinburgh Encyclopaedia. Edinburgh: William Blackwood.
• Josiah Conder (1830), "City of Mexico", Mexico and Guatimala, The Modern Traveller, 25, London: J.Duncan
• John Frost (1853), "Mexico", Great Cities of the World in their Glory and in their Desolation, Auburn, New York: Alden, Beardsley & Co.
• Charles Knight, ed. (1866). "Mexico". Geography. English Cyclopaedia. 3. London: Bradbury, Evans, & Co. Mejico
• Albert S. Evans (1870), "Mexico", Our Sister Republic: a Gala Trip through Tropical Mexico in 1869-70, Hartford, Connecticut: Columbian Book Co.
• William Eleroy Curtis (1888), "Mexico", The Capitals of Spanish America, New York: Harper & Bros.
• Emil Riedel (1892), Practical guide of the city and valley of Mexico, City of Mexico: I. Epstein, OCLC 9712451
• Alfred Ronald Conkling (1893), "City of Mexico and Environs", Appletons' Guide to Mexico, New York: D. Appleton & Company
• Archibald Wilberforce, ed. (1893). "Mexico". Capitals of the Globe. NY: Peter Fenelon Collier.
• Henry Moore (1894), "Commercial Directory: Mexico City", Railway Guide of the Republic of Mexico, Springfield, Ohio: Huben & Moore, OCLC 22498265
• "City of Mexico", Vamos á México, Chicago: Southern Pacific Company, 1896

Published in the 1900s

1900s-1950s

• "Mexico City". Chambers's Encyclopaedia. London. 1901.
• Robert South Barrett (1903), Standard guide to the city of Mexico and vicinity, City of Mexico: Modern Mexico
• Mexico: the Magazine Guide. 1. Mexico City: W.J. de Lamater Company. 1907.
• "Mexico: City of Mexico", United States, with Excursions to Mexico, Cuba, Porto Rico, and Alaska (4th ed.), Leipzig: K. Baedeker, 1909, OCLC 02338437
• Reau Campbell (1909), "City of Mexico", Campbell's New Revised Complete Guide and Descriptive Book of Mexico, Chicago: Rogers & Smith Co., OCLC 1667015
• "History and Description: Special Places: Mexico (City and Valley)". List of Works in the New York Public Library Relating to Mexico. New York Public Library. 1909.
• "North America's Oldest Metropolis", National Geographic Magazine, Washington, D.C., 58, 1930 (describes Mexico City)
• Artemio de Valle-Arizpe (1939). Historia de la ciudad de México según los relatos de sus cronistas [History of Mexico City according to the accounts of its chroniclers] (in Spanish). México, D.F.: P. Robredo. OCLC 6945299.

1960s-1990s

• Frieden, Bernard. The search for housing policy in Mexico City. Town Planning Review. 36 (1965)
• "Mexico, the City That Founded a Nation", National Geographic Magazine, Washington, D.C., 143, 1973
• "Mexico City: An Alarming Giant", National Geographic Magazine, Washington, D.C., 166, 1984
• Lourdes Beneria and Martha Roldan. 1987. The Crossroads of Class and Gender: Industrial Homework, Subcontracting, and Household Dynamics in Mexico City. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
• La Capital: The Biography of Mexico City, Jonathan Kandell. New York: Random House, 1988 ISBN 0-394-540697
• Peter M. Ward (1990). Mexico City: The Production and Reproduction of an Urban Environment. Belhaven Press. ISBN 978-1-85293-041-7.
• José Luis Lezama (1994). "Mexico: Mexico City". In Gerald Michael Greenfield. Latin American Urbanization: Historical Profiles of Major Cities. Greenwood Press. ISBN 0313259372.
• "Mexico City: Pushing the Limits", National Geographic Magazine, Washington, D.C., 190, 1996 – via Gale, (subscription required (help))
• Diana Davis. Social Construction of Mexico City. Journal of Urban History. 24 (1998), 364-415
• John Fisher (1999), "Mexico", Mexico, Rough Guides (4th ed.), London, p. 267+, OL 24935876M

Published in the 2000s

• Keith Pezzoli (2000). Human Settlements and Planning for Ecological Sustainability: The Case of Mexico City. MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-66114-0.
• "Mexico City". Understanding Slums: Case Studies for the Global Report 2003. United Nations Human Settlements Programme and University College London. 2003.
• Peter M. Ward (2004). México Megaciudad: Desarrollo y Política, 1970-2002 (in Spanish). Colegio Mexiquense. ISBN 978-970-701-447-3.
• Emily Wakild (2007). "Naturalizing Modernity: Urban Parks, Public Gardens and Drainage Projects in Porfirian Mexico City". Mexican Studies. 23. JSTOR 10.1525/msem.2007.23.1.101.
• Rubén Gallo, ed. (2009). The Mexico City Reader. Univ of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-19713-1.
• Diane Davis (2010). Urban Leviathan: Mexico City in the Twentieth Century. Temple University Press. ISBN 978-1-4399-0485-5.
• Moises Gonzales (2012). "From Myth to Megacity: Transformation of the Urban Landscape of Mexico City". Traditional Dwellings and Settlements Review. 24. JSTOR 41945785.

External links

• Europeana. Items related to Mexico City, various dates.
• Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Mexico City, various dates
• "Mexico City", American Geographical Society Library Digital Map Collection, USA – via University of Wisconsin, ca.1880-1957