Undorosaurus
| Undorosaurus Temporal range: Late Jurassic,[1] 150.8–145.5 Ma | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | †Ichthyosauria |
| Family: | †Ophthalmosauridae |
| Subfamily: | †Platypterygiinae |
| Genus: | †Undorosaurus Efimov, 1999 |
| Species[1] | |
| Synonyms | |
|
Ophthalmosaurus gorodischensis – Maisch & Matzke, 2000 | |
Undorosaurus is an extinct genus of ophthalmosaurid ichthyosaur known from western Russia.[1][2][3]
Description
Undorosaurus was first known from the holotype UPM EP-II-20 (527), a partial three-dimensionally preserved skeleton which preserved partial skull. It was collected near the Volga river at Gorodische from the Epivirgatites nikitini ammonoid zone, dating to the Late Jurassic.[2] A second species, U. trautscholdi was described by M.S. Arkhangelsky and N.G. Zverkov in 2014 from a partial left forefin found in the locality of Mnevniki, in the Moscow Oblast.[3]
Maisch and Matzke (2000) regarded Undorosaurus to be a species of Ophthalmosaurus.[4] However, Storrs et al. 2000 rejected this synonymy based on the tooth morphology of the specimen.[5] Chris McGowan and Ryosuke Motani (2003) pointed out two noteworthy differences to Ophthalmosaurus, an incompletely fused ischiopubis and a remarkably strong dentition, and considered Undorosaurus to be a valid genus of ophthalmosaurid.[6] Undorosaurus's validity is now accepted by most authors, even by Maisch (2010) who originally proposed the synonymy.[7][8][9]
Etymology
Undorosaurus was named by Vladimir M. Efimov in 1999 and the type species is Undorosaurus gorodischensis. The specific name is named after Gorodische, the type locality of this taxon.[2] U. trautscholdi is named in honor of the geologist H. Trautschold who collected and made the first description of the fossils of the holotype of the species.[3]
See also
References
- 1 2 3 "†Undorosaurus Efimov 1999". Paleobiology Database. Fossilworks. Retrieved 5 January 2016.
- 1 2 3 4 Vladimir M. Efimov (1999). "A new family of Ichthyosaurs, the Undorosauridae fam. nov. from the Volgian stage of the European part of Russia". Paleontological Journal. 33 (2): 174–181.
- 1 2 3 4 M.S. Arkhangelsky and N.G. Zverkov (2014). "On a new ichthyosaur of the genus Undorosaurus" (PDF). Proceedings of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 318 (3): 187–196.
- ↑ Michael W. Maisch and Andreas T. Matzke (2000). "The Ichthyosauria" (PDF). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde: Serie B. 298: 1–159.
- ↑ Storrs, Glenn W.; Vladimir M. Efimov; Maxim S. Arkhangelsky (2000). "Mesozoic marine reptiles of Russia and other former Soviet republics". In Benton, M.J.; Shishkin, M.A.; and Unwin, D.M. The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 140–159. ISBN 9780521545822.
- ↑ McGowan C, Motani R. 2003. Ichthyopterygia. – In: Sues, H.-D. (ed.): Handbook of Paleoherpetology, Part 8, Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, 175 pp., 101 figs., 19 plts; München
- ↑ Michael W. Maisch (2010). "Phylogeny, systematics, and origin of the Ichthyosauria – the state of the art" (PDF). Palaeodiversity. 3: 151–214.
- ↑ Fischer, V.; A. Clement; M. Guiomar; P. Godefroit (2011). "The first definite record of a Valanginian ichthyosaur and its implications on the evolution of post-Liassic Ichthyosauria". Cretaceous Research. 32 (2): 155–163. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2010.11.005.
- ↑ Fischer, V.; Masure, E.; Arkhangelsky, M.S.; Godefroit, P. (2011). "A new Barremian (Early Cretaceous) ichthyosaur from western Russia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 31 (5): 1010–1025. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.595464.