Fundal massage

Fundal massage, also called uterine massage, is a technique used to reduce bleeding and cramping of the uterus after childbirth or after an abortion. As the uterus returns to its nonpregnant size, its muscles contract strongly, which can cause pain. Fundal massage can be performed with one hand over the pubic bone, firmly massaging the uterine fundus (the top of the uterus), or with the addition of one hand in the vagina compressing the two uterine arteries. Routine use of fundal massage can prevent postpartum or post-abortion hemorrhage and can reduce pain; it may also reduce the need for uterotonics, medications that cause the uterus to contract. It is used to treat uterine atony, a condition where the uterus lacks muscle tone and is soft to the touch instead of firm.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]

References

↑ Hofmeyr, G. Justus; Abdel-Aleem, Hany; Abdel-Aleem, Mahmoud A. (2013-01-01). "Uterine massage for preventing postpartum haemorrhage". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 7: CD006431. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006431.pub3. ISSN 1469-493X. PMID 23818022.
↑ Hofmeyr, G. Justus; Mshweshwe, Nolundi T.; Gülmezoglu, A. Metin (2015-01-01). "Controlled cord traction for the third stage of labour". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 1: CD008020. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008020.pub2. ISSN 1469-493X. PMID 25631379.
↑ Beckmann, Charles R. B. (2010-01-01). Obstetrics and Gynecology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 9780781788076.
↑ Organization, World Health (2009-01-01). WHO Guidelines for the Management of Postpartum Haemorrhage and Retained Placenta. World Health Organization. ISBN 9789241598514.
↑ Lippincott's Nursing Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2009-01-01. ISBN 9780781786898.

Obstetrical surgery and other procedures (ICD-9-CM V3 72–75, ICD-10-PCS 1)

Diagnostic

Pregnancy test

Leopold's maneuvers

Cardiotocography Fetoscopy Fetal scalp blood testing Fetal scalp stimulation test

sampling:	fetal tissue Chorionic villus sampling Amniocentesis blood Triple test Percutaneous umbilical cord blood sampling Apt test Kleihauer–Betke test lung maturity Lecithin–sphingomyelin ratio Lamellar body count Fetal fibronectin test

obstetric ultrasonography:	Nuchal scan

antenatal testing:	Fetal movement counting Contraction stress test Nonstress test Vibroacoustic stimulation Biophysical profile Amniotic fluid index

Intervention

Delivery

Vaginal delivery

Induction	Artificial rupture of membranes Episiotomy Symphysiotomy Forceps in childbirth Ventouse in childbirth Odón Device

Dystocia management	McRoberts maneuver Woods' screw maneuver Zavanelli maneuver

Third stage of labor	Manual placenta removal

Caesarean section

Postpartum hemorrhage

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